Recent Trends in Algebraic Development Techniques: 13th International Workshop, WADT’98 Lisbon, Portugal, April 2–4, 1998 Selected Papers

355 Pages·1999·5.938 MB·English

by  Davide Ancona (auth.), José Luiz Fiadeiro (eds.)

Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1589
Editedby G.Goos,J. Hartmanisand J.van Leeuwen
3
Berlin
Heidelberg
NewYork
Barcelona
HongKong
London
Milan
Paris
Singapore
Tokyo
Jose´ Luiz Fiadeiro (Ed.)
Recent Trends
in Algebraic
Development Techniques
13th International Workshop, WADT’98
Lisbon, Portugal, April 2-4, 1998
Selected Papers
1 3
SeriesEditors
GerhardGoos,KarlsruheUniversity,Germany
JurisHartmanis,CornellUniversity,NY,USA
JanvanLeeuwen,UtrechtUniversity,TheNetherlands
VolumeEditor
Jose´LuizFiadeiro
UniversityofLisbon,DepartmentofInformatics
CampoGrande,1700Lisbon,Portugal
E-mail:[email protected]
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Recenttrendsinalgebraicdevelopmenttechniques:13thinternationalworkshop
;selectedpapers/WADT’98,Lisbon,Portugal,April2-4,1998.Jose´Luiz
Fiadeiro(ed.).-Berlin;Heidelberg;NewYork;Barcelona;HongKong;
London;Milan;Paris;Singapore;Tokyo:Springer,1999
(Lecturenotesincomputerscience;Vol.1589)
ISBN3-540-66246-4
CRSubjectClassification(1998):D.1.1-2,D.2.4,D.2.m,D.3.1,F.3.1-2
ISSN0302-9743
ISBN3-540-66246-4Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelbergNewYork
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Foreword
TheEuropeanconference situationinthegeneralareaofsoftwaresciencehas
longbeenconsidered unsatisfactory.Afairlylargenumberofsmallandmedium-
sized conferences and workshops take place on an irregular basis, competing for
high-quality contributions and for enough attendees to make them financially
viable.Discussions aimingat a consolidation have been underway since at least
1992, with concrete planning beginning in summer 1994 and culminating in a
public meeting at TAPSOFT’95 in Aarhus.
Onthebasisofabroadconsensus, itwasdecided toestablishasingleannual
federated spring conference in the slot that was then occupied by TAPSOFT
and CAAP/ESOP/CC, comprising a number of existing and new conferences
and covering a spectrum from theory to practice. ETAPS’98, the first instance
oftheEuropeanJointConferences onTheoryandPractice ofSoftware,istaking
placethisyear inLisbon.Itcomprises five conferences (FoSSaCS,FASE, ESOP,
CC, TACAS), four workshops (ACoS, VISUAL, WADT, CMCS), seven invited
lectures, and nine tutorials.
The events that comprise ETAPS address various aspects of the system de-
velopmentprocess, includingspecification,design,implementation,analysisand
improvement. The languages, methodologies and tools which support these ac-
tivities are all well within its scope. Different blends of theory and practice are
represented, with an inclination towards theory with a practical motivation on
one hand and soundly-based practice on the other. Many of the issues involved
insoftwaredesign applyto systems ingeneral,includinghardware systems, and
the emphasis on software is not intended to be exclusive.
ETAPS is a natural development from its predecessors. It is a loose confed-
erationin which each event retains its own identity,with a separate programme
committeeandindependent proceedings.Itsformatisopen-ended, allowingitto
grow and evolve as time goes by. Contributed talks and system demonstrations
are in synchronized parallel sessions, with invited lectures in plenary sessions.
Twoofthe invitedlectures arereserved for“unifying”talksontopics ofinterest
to the whole range of ETAPS attendees. The aim of cramming all this activity
into a single one-week meeting is to create a strong magnet for academic and
industrial researchers working on topics within its scope, giving them the op-
portunity to learn about research in related areas, and thereby to foster new
and existing links between work in areas that have hitherto been addressed in
separate meetings.
ETAPS’98 has been superbly organized by Jos´e Luis Fiadeiro and his team
attheDepartmentofInformaticsoftheUniversityofLisbon.TheETAPSsteer-
ing committee has put considerable energy into planning for ETAPS’98 and its
successors. Its current membership is:
VI Foreword
Andr´e Arnold (Bordeaux), Egidio Astesiano (Genova), Jan Bergstra
(Amsterdam), Ed Brinksma (Enschede), Rance Cleaveland (Raleigh),
Pierpaolo Degano (Pisa), Hartmut Ehrig (Berlin), Jos´e Fiadeiro (Lis-
bon),Jean-Pierre Finance(Nancy),Marie-ClaudeGaudel(Paris),Tibor
Gyimothy(Szeged), Chris Hankin (London),Stefan Ja¨hnichen (Berlin),
UweKastens(Paderborn),PaulKlint(Amsterdam),KaiKoskimies(Tam-
pere), TomMaibaum(London),Hanne RiisNielson(Aarhus), Fernando
Orejas (Barcelona), Don Sannella (Edinburgh, chair), Bernhard Steffen
(Dortmund), Doaitse Swierstra (Utrecht), WolfgangThomas (Kiel)
Other people were influential in the early stages of planning, including Peter
Mosses (Aarhus) andReinhard Wilhelm(Saarbru¨cken). ETAPS’98has received
generous sponsorship from:
Portugal Telecom
TAP Air Portugal
the Luso-American Development Foundation
the British Council
the EU programme “Trainingand Mobilityof Researchers”
the University of Lisbon
the European Association for Theoretical Computer Science
the European Association for ProgrammingLanguages and Systems
the Gulbenkian Foundation
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all of these people and organi-
zations, and to Jos´e in particular, as well as to Springer-Verlag for agreeing to
publish the ETAPS proceedings.
Edinburgh, January 1998 Donald Sannella
ETAPS Steering Committee chairman
Preface
This volume contains papers selected from WADT’98 the 13th Workshop
on Algebraic Development Techniques. Like its predecessors, WADT’98focused
on the algebraic approach to the specification and development of systems, an
area that was born around the algebraic specification of abstract data types
and encompasses today the formal design of integrated hardware and software
systems, new specification frameworks, and a wide range of applications.
WADT’98 was organized as part of the first European Joint Conferences
on Theory and Practice of Software (ETAPS). It took place at the Gulbenkian
Foundationin Lisbon, Portugal, April 2-4, 1998.
The program of WADT’98 consisted of 43 presentations. The main topics
addressed during the workshop were: algebraic and other approaches to system
specification; algebraic combinationof logics;algebraic structures and logics for
concurrency; other algebraic structures and their logics; specification languages
and their associated methods and tools; term rewriting and theorem proving.
A committee consisting of Bernd Krieg-Bru¨ckner, Jos´e Luiz Fiadeiro, Peter
Mosses, Fernando Orejas, Francesco Parisi Presicce, DonSannella,and Andrzej
Tarlecki,with the help ofMarie-Claude Gaudeland H´el`ene Kirchner, selected a
numberofpapers based onthe abstracts andthepresentations atthe workshop,
and invited their authors to submit a written version of their talks for possi-
ble inclusion in this volume. All the submissions underwent a careful refereeing
process. The selection committee then made the final decisions. This volume
contains the final versions of the contributions that were accepted.
We are very grateful to all the referees that helped the selection commit-
tee in reviewing the submissions: Marek Bednarczyk, Michel Bidoit, Tomasz
Borzyszkowski,RobertoBruni,Luca Cardelli,MauraCerioli,Christine Choppy,
Pierpaolo Degano, Alessandro Fantechi, Nicoletta De Francesco, Martin Hof-
mann,Hans-Jo¨rgKreowski,NeilGhani,JoHannay,StefanKahrs,ManuelKoch,
Alfio Martini, Wieslaw Pawlowski, Adolfo Piperno, Gianna Reggio, Horst Re-
ichel,Pino Rosolini,H.Schlingloff,Aleksy Schubert, Patrick Viry,Martin Wirs-
ing,and Uwe Wolter.
Being part of ETAPS’98, the workshop shared the generous sponsorship ac-
knowledged in the foreword and the dedication of the organization committee.
As organizing chair of ETAPS’98, I would like to take the opportunity to ex-
press my deepest thanks to Antnia Lopes, whose help made it all feel so easy,
as well as M.Costa, S.Jourdan, E.Moita,I.Nunes, L.Pires, J.Ramos,P.Resende,
O.Torres, and M.Wermelinger.
January 1999 Jos´e Luiz Fiadeiro
Table of Contents
An Algebraic Framework for Separate Type-Checking .......................1
Davide Ancona
MovingSpecification Structures Between Logical Systems ..................16
Tomasz Borzyszkowski
NormalForms for Partitions and Relations .................................31
Roberto Bruni, Fabio Gadducci and Ugo Montanari
Parameterisation of Logics .................................................48
Carlos Caleiro, Cristina Sernadas and Am´ılcar Sernadas
Semantic Constructions for Hidden Algebra ................................63
Corina Cˆırstea
Functorial Semantics for Multi-algebras ....................................79
Andrea Corradini and Fabio Gadducci
An Algebra of Graph Derivations Using Finite (co–) Limit
Double Theories ...........................................................92
Andrea Corradini, Martin Große–Rhode and Reiko Heckel
Hierarchical Heterogeneous Specifications .................................107
Sophie Coudert, Gilles Bernot and Pascale Le Gall
ParallelAdmissible Graph Rewriting .....................................122
Rachid Echahed and Jean-Christophe Janodet
Refinements and Modules for Typed Graph TransformationSystems ......138
Martin Große–Rhode, Francesco Parisi Presicce and Marta Simeoni
Complete Strategies for Term Graph Narrowing ...........................152
Annegret Habel and Detlef Plump
Non-deterministic Computations in ELAN ................................168
H´el`ene Kirchner and Pierre-Etienne Moreau
Rasiowa-SikorskiDeduction Systems: A Handy Toolfor Computer
Science Logics ............................................................183
Beata Konikowska
TranslatingOBJ3 into CASL: The Institution Level ......................198
Till Mossakowski
CASL: A Guided Tour of Its Design ......................................216
Peter D. Mosses
Abstract Petri Nets as a Uniform Approach to High-Level Petri Nets .....241
J. Padberg
X Table of Contents
Using Reflection to Specify Transaction Sequences in Rewriting Logic .....261
Isabel Pita and Narciso Mart´ı-Oliet
Concurrency and Data Types: A Specification Method
An Example with LOTOS ................................................277
Pascal Poizat, Christine Choppy and Jean-Claude Royer
The Situation and State Calculus versus Branching TemporalLogic .......293
Jaime Ramos and Am´ılcar Sernadas
Modular Specification of Concurrent Systems with Observational Logic ...310
Pedro Resende
Proof Normalizationof Structured Algebraic Specifications Is
Convergent ...............................................................326
Martin Wirsing, John N. Crossley and Hannes Peterreins
Author Index .............................................................341
An Algebraic Framework for Separate
(cid:63)
Type-Checking
Davide Ancona
Dipartimento diInformatica e Scienze dell’Informazione
ViaDodecaneso, 35
16146 Genova (Italy)
[email protected]
Abstract. We address the problem of defining an algebraic framework
formodularizationsupportingseparatetype-checking.Inordertodothat
weintroducethenotionsofabstracttypesystemandlogicofconstraints
and we present a canonical construction of a model part, on top of a
logic of constraints. This canonical construction works under standard
assumptions on the underlying type system.
We show that the framework is suitable for defining the static and dy-
namic semantics of module languages, by giving a concrete example of
construction on top of the type system of a simple typed module lan-
guage. As a result, the subtyping relation between module interfaces is
captured in a natural way by the notion of signature morphism.
Introduction
Modularization has been considered since the early 70s an essential principle
for managing the complex task of software development [29]. Nowadays there
exist many modular programming languages o(cid:11)ering rather advanced features
for modularization. Nevertheless, many recent papers [21,22,6,12,19,20,24,9,10]
have shown that many of the modular mechanisms provided by them turn out
to be inadequate in the lightof the new software technology.
Object-oriented and distributed programminghave promoted a stronger de-
mand for more flexible modularization mechanisms able to face the problem of
software reuse, maintenance and extensibility. As a consequence, true separate
compilation and linking are becoming more and more important issues which
must be taken into account in order to successfully deal with complex system
libraries.In particular,separate type-checking turns outto be anessential phase
ofseparate compilation,bothfromthe pointofviewofsoftwarereliability,since
itallowscompilerstostaticallydetect manysubtleerrors duetoincompatibility
between modules, and of efficiency, since compilers may take advantage of the
informationabout the external components modules depend on.
(cid:63) Thisworkhas beenpartiallysupported byMurst 40%-Modellidellacomputazione
e dei linguaggi di programmazione and CNR - Formalismi per la specifica e la de-
scrizione di sistemiad oggetti.
J.L.Fiadeiro(Ed.):WADT’98,LNCS1589,pp.1–15,1999.
(cid:13)c Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg1999