Real-Time Database Systems: Issues and Applications

375 Pages·1997·11.137 MB·English

by  A. Bestavros, K. Lin, S. Son (auth.), Azer Bestavros, Kwei-Jay Lin, Sang Hyuk Son (eds.)

REAL-TIME DATABASE SYSTEMS:
Issues and Applications
THE KLUWER INTERNATIONAL SERIES
IN ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE
REAL-TIME SYSTEMS
Consulting Editor
John A. Stankovic
FAULT- TOLERANT REAL-TIME SYSTEMS: The Problem ofR eplica Determinism,
by Stefan Poledna, ISBN: 0-7923-9657-X
RESPONSIVE COMPUTER SYSTEMS: Steps Toward Fault-Tolerant Real-Time
Systems, by Donald Fussell and Miroslaw Malek, ISBN: 0-7923-9563-8
IMPRECISE AND APPROXIMATE COMPUTATION, by Swaminathan Natarajan,
ISBN: 0-7923-9579-4
FOUNDATIONS OF DEPENDABLE COMPUTING: System Implementation, edited
by Gary M. Koob and Clifford G. Lau, ISBN: 0-7923-9486-0
FOUNDATIONS OF DEPENDABLE COMPUTING: Paradigms for Dependable
Applications, edited by Gary M. Koob and Clifford G. Lau,
ISBN: 0-7923-9485-2
FOUNDATIONS OF DEPENDABLE COMPUTING: Models and Frameworks for
Dependable Systems, edited by Gary M. Koob and Clifford G. Lau,
ISBN: 0-7923-9484-4
THE TESTABILITY OF DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME SYSTEMS,
Werner SchUtz; ISBN: 0-7923-9386-4
A PRACTITIONER'S HANDBOOK FOR REAL-TIME ANALYSIS: Guide to Rate
Monotonic Analysis for Real-Time Systems, Carnegie Mellon University (Mark Klein,
Thomas Ralya, Bill Pollak, Ray Obenza, MichaIe GonzAlez Harbour);
ISBN: 0-7923-9361-9
FORMAL TECHNIQUES IN REAL-TIME FAULT-TOLERANT SYSTEMS, J.
Vytopi1; ISBN: 0-7923-9332-5
SYNCHRONOUS PROGRAMMING OF REACTIVE SYSTEMS, N. Halbwachs;
ISBN: 0-7923-9311-2
REAL-TIME SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND APPLICATIONS, M. Schiebe, S.
Pferrer; ISBN: 0-7923-9196-9
SYNCHRONIZATION IN REAL-TIME SYSTEMS: A Priority Inheritance Approach,
R. Rajkumar; ISBN: 0-7923-9211-6
CONSTRUCTING PREDICTABLE REAL TIME SYSTEMS, W. A. Halang, A. D.
Stoyenko; ISBN: 0-7923-9202-7
FOUNDATIONS OF REAL-TIME COMPUTING: Formal Specifications and Methods,
A. M. van Tilborg, G. M. Koob; ISBN: 0-7923-9167-5
FOUNDATIONS OF REAL-TIME COMPUTING: Scheduling and Resource
Management, A. M. van Tilborg, G. M. Koob; ISBN: 0-7923-9166-7
REAL-TIME UNIX SYSTEMS: Design and Application Guide, B. Furht, D. Grostick,
D. Gluch, G. Rabbat, J. Parker, M. McRoberts, ISBN: 0-7923-9099-7
REAL-TIME SYSTEMS: Design Principles for Distributed Embedded Applications,
Hermann Kopetz, ISBN: 0-7923-9894-7
REAL-TIME DATABASE SYSTEMS:
Issues and Applications
edited by
Azer BEST AV ROS
Boston University
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Kwei-Jay LIN
University of California
lrvine, California, USA
Sang Hyuk SON
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, Virginia USA
....
"
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
Library of Coogress Catalogiog-io-Publicatioo Data
Real-time database systems: issues and applicatioos / edited by Azer
Bestavros, Kwei-Jay Lin, Sang Hyuk Soo.
p. cm. -- (Kluwer international series in engineering and
computer science. Real-time systems)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4613-7824-2 ISBN 978-1-4615-6161-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-6161-3
1. Real-time data processing. 2. Database management.
1. Bestavros, Azer, 1961- . II. Lin, Kwei-Jay, 1955- III. Son,
Sang H. IV. Series: Kluwer international series in engineering and
computer science ; SECS 396. V. Series: Kluwer international series
in engineering and computer science. Real-time systems.
QA76.54.R42163 1997
004' .33--dc21 97-9510
CIP
Copyright © 1997 by Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York in 1997
Softcover reprint of the bardcover 1s t edition 1997
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photo
copying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the
publisher, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
Printed on acid-free paper.
CONTENTS
Table of Contents
v
Preface
xiii
Contributors
xv
1 ADVANCES IN REAL-TIME DATABASE
SYSTEMS RESEARCH
Azer Bestavros, Kwei-Jay Lin and Sang Son 1
1 Introduction 1
2 Scheduling Models for Real-Time Systems 2
3 Concurrency Control Techniques 3
4 Resource Management and Operating System Support 5
5 Models and Paradigms 7
REFERENCES 8
VI REAL-TIME DATABASE SYSTEMS
I:
SECTION
MODELS AND PARADIGMS
2 REQUIREMENTS AND ISSUES ON
REAL-TIME DATABASE SYSTEMS
Kwei-lay Lin and Farnam lahanian 17
1 Introduction 17
2 Characteristics of real-time databases 19
3 Performance-based Techniques 27
4 Semantic-based Techniques 31
5 Conclusions and Open Issues 34
REFERENCES 36
3 SIMILARITY SEMANTICS AND
CONCURRENCY CONTROL
Tei-Wei Kuo and Aloysius K. Mok 39
1 Introduction 39
2 A Real-Time Database Model 40
3 Correctness Criteria 42
4 Similarity-Based Concurrency Control 47
5 Conclusion 53
REFERENCES 54
4 PROBABILISTIC REAL-TIME DATA
ACCESS WITH DEADLINE AND INTERVAL
CONSTRAINTS
Lei Zhou, Kang G. Shin, Elke A. Rundensteiner, and
Nandit Soparkar 57
1 INTRODUCTION 57
2 UMOAC Testbed and Timer Unpredictability 60
3 Simulations 63
4 Experimental measurements 71
5 Related work 74
6 Conclusions 76
REFERENCES 77
Contents Vll
II:
SECTION
ApPLICATIONS AND BENCHMARKS
5 REAL-TIME DATABASES: REAL-WORLD
REQUIREMENTS
Doug Locke 83
1 Introduction 83
2 Air Traffic Control 85
3 Aircraft Mission Control 86
4 Spacecraft Control 87
5 Training Simulation 88
6 Process Control 89
7 Concluding Comments 90
6 REAL-TIME DATABASES IN
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Kimmo E. E. Raatikainen 93
1 Introduction 93
2 Telecommunications Systems 93
3 Key Database Requirements 97
REFERENCES 98
7 UNBUNDLED RTDBMS SUPPORT FOR
WWW-APPLICATIONS
Holger Branding, Alejandro P. Buchmann 99
1 Introduction 99
2 Application Scenarios 100
3 Time-cognizant functionality 102
REFERENCES 103
Vlll REAL-TIME DATABASE SYSTEMS
8 MULTIMEDIA CAPABILITIES
IN DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME
APPLICATIONS
Subhabrata Sen, Oscar Gonzalez, Krithi Ramamritham,
John A. Stanko vic, Chia Shen and Morikazu Takegaki 105
1 Introduction 105
2 Uses of Multimedia in a Real-Time Control Environment 108
3 Description of Functional Units 110
4 Summary 121
REFERENCES 121
9 REAL-TIME DATABASE BENCHMARK
DESIGN FOR AVIONICS SYSTEMS
C.S. Peng, K.J. Lin and C.B. Boettcher 123
1 Introduction 123
2 Related Work 125
3 Database Model Description 127
4 Benchmark Specification 133
5 Conclusions 136
REFERENCES 137
10 COST MODEL DEVELOPMENT FOR A
MAIN MEMORY DATABASE SYSTEM
Sherry Listgarten and Marie-Anne Neimat 139
1 Introduction 139
2 Query Optimization in a Main-Memory Context 140
3 Developing a Cost Model 144
4 Results 149
5 Cost Model Instantiation, Verification, and Refinement 155
6 Conclusions 159
REFERENCES 160
Contents IX
III:
SECTION
SCHEDULING AND CONCURRENCY CONTROL
11 SCHEDULING ACCESS TO TEMPORAL
DATA IN REAL-TIME DATABASES
Ming Xiong, Rajendran Sivasankaran, John A.
Stanko vic, K rithi Ramamritham and Don Towsley 167
1 Introduction 167
2 Related Work 168
3 System Model and Correctness 169
4 Issues in Ensuring Data Temporal Consistency 172
5 Scheduling Transactions in Real-Time Databases 178
6 Experimental Evaluation of the Protocols 182
7 Conclusions 187
REFERENCES 188
12 ADMISSION CONTROL AND OVERLOAD
MANAGEMENT FOR REAL-TIME
DATABASES
Azer Bestavros and Sue Nagy 193
1 Introduction 193
2 System Model 194
3 Optimizing Profit through ACM 198
4 Performance Evaluation 202
5 Related Work 209
6 Summary and Future Work 211
REFERENCES 212
x REAL-TIME DATABASE SYSTEMS
13 LOCK-FREE TRANSACTIONS FOR
REAL-TIME SYSTEMS
James H. Anderson, Srikanth Ramamurthy, Mark Moir
and Kevin JeJJay 215
1 Introduction 215
2 Lock-Free Objects 217
3 Lock-Free Transactions 221
4 Concluding Remarks 232
REFERENCES 233
14 A WORST-CASE BEHAVIOUR ANALYSIS
FOR HARD REAL-TIME TRANSACTIONS
Jeongyong Byun, Alan Burns, Rob Davis, and Andy
Wellings 235
1 Introduction 235
2 Real-time Transaction Model 236
3 Worst-Case Behaviour Analysis 238
4 Conclusion 247
REFERENCES 248
15 PERFORMANCE MODELING OF
REAL-TIME DATABASE SCHEDULERS
P.D. V. van der Stok, S.A.E. Sassen, M.P. Bodlaender,
J. van der Wal and A. T.M. Aerts 251
1 Introduction 251
2 Approach to performance calculations 252
3 Application domains 254
4 Transaction modeling 255
5 Database scheduling strategies 256
6 OCC analysis 258
7 SQSL analysis 267
8 Conclusions 273
REFERENCES 275