Robert Greenberg Real Existence, Ideal Necessity ≥ Kantstudien Ergänzungshefte im Auftrage der Kant-Gesellschaft herausgegeben von Manfred Baum, Bernd Dörflinger und Thomas M. Seebohm 157 Walter de Gruyter · Berlin · New York Robert Greenberg Real Existence, Ideal Necessity Kant’s Compromise, and the Modalities without the Compromise Walter de Gruyter · Berlin · New York (cid:2)(cid:2)Printedonacid-freepaperwhichfallswithintheguidelines oftheANSItoensurepermanenceanddurability. ISSN 0340-6059 ISBN 978-3-11-020690-6 LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData ACIPcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress. BibliographicinformationpublishedbytheDeutscheNationalbibliothek TheDeutscheNationalbibliothekliststhispublicationintheDeutscheNationalbibliografie; detailedbibliographicdataareavailableintheInternetathttp://dnb.d-nb.de. (cid:2)Copyright2008byWalterdeGruyterGmbH&Co.KG,D-10785Berlin Allrightsreserved,includingthoseoftranslationintoforeignlanguages.Nopartofthisbookmay be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy,recordingoranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwriting fromthepublisher. PrintedinGermany Coverdesign:ChristopherSchneider,Berlin Printingandbinding:Hubert&Co.GmbH&Co.KG,Göttingen To Claire, Hank, Sasha, Maggie, Leo, and Liza, and the joys of familiarity and discovery Acknowledgements Earlier versions of portions of this book have been read at various phi- losophical conferences and meetings, and among these, some have been published. An earlier version of much of chapter 3 was read at the American Philosophical Association Meetings, Eastern Division, 2004. I wish to express my thanks to Tim Rosenkoetter for his useful comments on the paper. And I want to thank the editor and the publisher of Kantian Review for their kind permission to use some of that material in an article that appeared in KR, vol.11, 2006. The same KR article also contains much of a paper delivered to the American Philosophical As- sociation Meetings, Central Division, 2004, and I am indebted to Gary Hatfieldforhishelpfulcommentsonthatpaper,whichisalsoanancestor of a portion of a different chapter in this book, chapter 9; and I would liketothanktheeditorandthepublisherof KRforpermission toreprint that material. Chapter4 contains material that appeared earlieras apaper delivered at the American Philosophical Association Meetings, Central Division, 2002, and I would like to thank Gordon Brittan for his commentsonthatpaper.Asubsequentversionof thepaperwasdelivered at the 21st World Congress of Philosophy, 2003, Istanbul. Chapter5 originatedasapaperdeliveredatasymposiumsharedwithRobertHanna and Robert Howell, commentator, on Kant and Analytic Philosophy, at the Meetings of the American Philosophical Association, Eastern Divi- sion, 2002, and I would like to thank Howell for his comments on my paper.Anearlierversionofaportionofchapter8wasdeliveredatthe10th International Kant Congress, Sao Paulo, 2005, and published in the Proceedings of the Congress. I would like to thank the editors and the publisher of the Proceedings for their kind permission to include material from the paper in this book. I am also indebted to Kenneth Edward Walden, a Kant student know- ledgeable in modal logic, who read through an earlier version of the manuscriptwithaneyetotheadequacyofmyusesofmodallogic,andin particular, the logical formulations and the derivations of the modalities inchapters10and11.Finally,IwouldagainliketothankRichardAquila for his continuing encouragement of and assistance in the publication of my work on Kant generally. Inhalt Preface ............................................... XI Chapter1 – General Review .............................. 1 Part I: Existence Chapter2 – How Our Knowledge Begins ................... 17 Chapter3 – A Criterion of Existence in General .............. 41 Chapter4 – Sensation and Existence ....................... 61 Chapter5 – Presupposition and Existence ................... 72 Part II: Necessity Chapter6 – Kant’s Referential Ambiguity ................... 91 Chapter7 – Kaplan’s Referential Ambiguity .................. 104 Chapter8 – Kaplan’s Interpretation Adapted to Kant .......... 114 I Introduction ...................................... 114 II Sensibility ........................................ 117 III The Understanding ................................ 120 Chapter9 – Geometry and Causality ....................... 124 I Geometry ........................................ 124 II Causality ........................................ 139 Chapter10 – Presupposition and Real Necessity .............. 147 Chapter11 – Derivations of the Real Modalities .............. 173 Chapter12 – Conclusion ................................ 192 References ............................................ 199 Index ................................................ 202
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