Readings in Late Antiquity. A sourcebook PDF
Preview Readings in Late Antiquity. A sourcebook
READINGS IN LATE ANTIQUITY “Thisisawonderfulanthology.Clear,accessible,andvividlyengaging,itpresents thepanoplyofLateAntiquelifefromeasttowest,fromcitytovillage,fromthe powerfultothehumble,fromtranscendenthopestoordinaryburdens–aworldto explore,relish,andponder.” SusanAshbrookHarvey,BrownUniversity “Unusuallycomprehensiveandenterprisinginitsselections,thissourcebookwill giveanentirenewgenerationachoiceandachallenge.” PeterBrown,PrincetonUniversity LateAntiquity(c.250–650)witnessedthetransitionfromClassicalAntiquitytothe MiddleAgesintheMediterraneanandNearEasternworlds.Christianitydisplaced polytheismoverawidearea,offeringnewdefinitionsofidentityandcommunity.The Roman Empire collapsed in western Europe to be replaced by new Germanic kingdoms. In the East, Byzantium emerged, while the Persian Empire reached its apogeeandcollapsed.ArabarmiescarryingthebannerofIslamreshapedthepolitical mapandbroughttheLateAntiqueeratoaclose. This sourcebook illustrates the dramatic political, social and religious trans- formationsofLateAntiquitythroughthewordsofthemenandwomenwhoexperi- encedthem.DrawingfromGreek,Latin,Syriac,Hebrew,Coptic,Persian,Arabic,and Armenian sources, the carefully chosen passages illuminate the lives of emperors, abbesses, aristocrats, slaves, children, barbarian chieftains, and saints. The Roman Empireiskeptatthecentreofthediscussion,withchaptersdevotedtoitsgovernment, cities, army, law, medicine, domestic life, philosophy, and its Jewish population. Further chapters deal with the peoples who surrounded the Roman state: Persians, Huns,northernbarbarians,andthefollowersofIslam. This revised and updated second edition provides an expanded view of Late Antiquity with a new chapter on domestic life, as well extra material throughout, includingpassagesthatappearforthefirsttimeinEnglishtranslation. Readingsin LateAntiquityistheonlysourcebookthatcoverssuchawiderangeoftopicsoverthe fullbreadthoftheLateAntiqueperiod. MichaelMaasisProfessorofHistoryandClassicalStudiesatRiceUniversity,USA, whereheteachesancienthistory.HisresearchfocusesonLateAntiquity.Hismost recent books are The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian (2005) and ExegesisintheEarlyByzantineMediterranean(2003). ROUTLEDGESOURCEBOOKSFOR THEANCIENTWORLD READINGSINLATEANTIQUITY Secondedition MichaelMaas GREEKANDROMANEDUCATION MarkJoyal,J.C.YardleyandIainMcDougall THEREPUBLICANROMANARMY MichaelM.Sage THESTORYOFATHENS PhillipHarding ROMANSOCIALHISTORY TimParkinandArthurPomeroy DEATHINANCIENTROME ValerieHope ANCIENTROME MatthewDillonandLyndaGarland SEXUALITYINGREEKANDROMANLITERATURE MargueriteJohnsonandTerryRyan ATHENIANPOLITICALORATORY DavidPhillips POMPEII AlisonE.CooleyandM.G.L.Cooley GREEKSCIENCEOFTHEHELLENISTICERA GeorgiaIrby-MassieandPaulKeyser WOMENANDLAWINTHEROMANEMPIRE JudithEvansGrubbs WARFAREINANCIENTGREECE MichaelM.Sage READINGSINLATEANTIQUITY MichaelMaas THEGOVERNMENTOFTHEROMANEMPIRE BarbaraLevick PAGANSANDCHRISTIANSINLATEANTIQUITY A.D.Lee ANCIENTGREECE Secondedition MatthewDillonandLyndaGarland ANCIENTGREEKLAWS IliasArnaoutoglou TRIALSFROMCLASSICALATHENS ChristopherCarey GREEKANDROMANTECHNOLOGY JohnHumphrey,JohnOlesonandAndrewSherwood ROMANITALY388BC–AD200 KathrynLomas THEROMANARMY31BC–AD337 BrianCampbell THEROMANHOUSEHOLD JaneF.GardnerandThomasWiedemann ATHENIANPOLITICS G.R.Stanton GREEKANDROMANSLAVERY ThomasWiedemann FORTHCOMING: ANCIENTGREECE Thirdedition MatthewDillonandLyndaGarland ANCIENTCITYOFROME ChristopherSmith,J.C.N.Coulston,HazelDodge WOMENOFTHEANCIENTNEAREAST MarkChavalas GREEKRELIGION EmmaStaffordandKarenStears READINGS IN LATE ANTIQUITY A Sourcebook Second edition Michael Maas Firstpublished2000 byRoutledge Reprinted2003 Thissecondeditionpublished2010by Routledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN SimultaneouslypublishedintheUSAandCanada byRoutledge 270MadisonAve.,NewYork,NY100016 RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness ©2000,2010MichaelMaas TherightofMichaelMaastobeidentifiedastheAuthorofthisWork hasbeenassertedbyhiminaccordancewiththeCopyright,Designsand PatentsAct1988 TypesetinTimesNewRomanby Keystroke,Tettenhall,Wolverhampton Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproduced orutilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans, nowknownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording, orinanyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissionin writingfromthepublishers. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloguinginPublicationData Maas,Michael,1951– Readingsinlateantiquity:asourcebook/MichaelMaas. p.cm. “SimultaneouslypublishedintheUSAandCanada”–T.p.verso. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindexes. 1.Rome–History–Empire,284–476–Sources.2.ByzantineEmpire–Civilization–To 527–Sources.3.ByzantineEmpire–Civilization–527–1081–Sources.I.Title. DG78.M222009 937′.06–dc22 2009042117 ISBN10:0–415–47336–5(hbk) ISBN10:0–415–47337–3(pbk) ISBN13978–0–415–47336–1(hbk) ISBN13978–0–415–47337–8(pbk) CONTENTS Mapsxliii Introductiontothefirsteditio n lxiii Introductiontothesecondeditio n lxvii Acknowledgmentslxix Chronologylxxi LateAntiquerulerslxxv Permissionslxxxiii 1 TheRomanEmpire:rulerandadministration1 2 Cities37 3 TheRomanarmy78 4 Christianity110 5 Polytheism174 6 Jews201 7 Women224 8 Domesticlife240 9 Law285 10Medicine297 11Philosophy311 12SasanianPersia327 13Invadersandsuccessorstates345 14 SteppepeoplesandSlavs371 15 Islam387 Appendix:LateAntiquityonthe Web408 Indexofancientsources410 Index416 vii EXTENDED CONTENTS AlistofpassagesnewtothesecondeditionmaybefoundontheRoutledge website: http://www.routledge.com/books/Readings-in-Late-Antiquity-isbn 9780415473378 1 TheRomanEmpire:rulerandadministr ation 1 1.1 Introduction1 1.2 Theemperorandtheimperialoffi ce 2 1.2.1Theemperorcomestotown2 AMMIANUS MARCELLINUS, HISTORY 16.10.5–10 AMMIANUSMARCELLINUS,HISTORY22.2.3–5 1.2.2Imperialacclamations3 THEODOSIAN CODE, “MINUTES OF THE SENATE,” 5 1.2.3Courtritual5 CYRILOFSCYTHOPOLIS,LIFEOFSABAS71 1.2.4Cautiousadviceforanall-powerfu lmonarch5 AGAPETUS, EXPOSITION 1, 2, 30, 35, 37 1.2.5Theemperor’sroleinwarandpeac e6 SYNESIUS OF CYRENE, ON KINGSHIP 16 1.2.6Rulercult7 GREGORY OF NAZIANZUS, ORATION 4.80 1.2.7Theemperorastheembodiment oflaw7 THEMISTIUS, ORATION 19 (227D, 228A) 1.2.8TheChristianemperorlooksto heaven8 EUSEBIUS, LIFE OF CONSTANTINE 4.15 1.2.9Theimageoftheemperor8 THEOPHILUS, A HOMILY ON THE VIRGIN 1.2.10Theimperialrighttointerfereinc hurchaffairs9 OSSIUS OF CORDOBA, LETTER TO CONSTANTIUS II, QUOTED BY ATHANASIUS, HISTORY OF THE ARIANS 44, 6–8 viii EXTENDED CONTENTS 1.2.11Theemperoraspriest–Justinian’sview9 JUSTINIAN, NOVEL 6 (MARCH 6, 535) 1.2.12ChallengingJustinian’sinterferenc einchurchaffairs10 FACUNDUS OF HERMIONE, IN DEFENSE OF THE THREE CHAPTERS 12.3 1.2.13Theemperorasthesourceofinst ability10 PROCOPIUS, SECRET HISTORY 3.1 AND 5.1 1.3 Imperialadministration11 1.3.1Diocletian’sreforms11 LACTANTIUS, ON THE DEATH OF THE PERSECUTORS 7.1–8 1.3.2Anableemperorreliesonhisadvisorycouncil12 AMMIANUS MARCELLINUS, HISTORY 15.5.12–14 1.3.3Atopofficial’sclosetiestothemona rch 13 CASSIODORUS, DOCUMENTS 6.5 1.3.4Ahierarchyofadministratorssupervisedb ytheemperor14 THEODOSIAN CODE 1.15.1 1.3.5Entrancerequirementsforthebureaucracy15 THEODOSIAN CODE 7.2.1 1.3.6Thehonorofservingtheemperor15 THE GREEK ANTHOLOGY 16.48 1.3.7Bishopsintheimperialadminist ration15 JUSTINIAN, EDICT 1, PREFACE 1.3.8Accesstotheemperorforallcitizens16 THEODOSIAN CODE 1.5.1 1.3.9Anewaristocracyofservice17 BASIL OF CAESAREA, LETTER 299 1.3.10Corruptionandsufferingintheprovinces 17 JOHN LYDUS, ON THE MAGISTRACIES OF THE ROMAN STATE 3.59 1.3.11ApictureoftheRomanEmpire18 EUMENIUS, FOR THE RESTORATION OF THE SCHOOLS .20–.21 1.3.12TheconditionanduseofRomanroad s 19 THEODOSIAN CODE 15.3.4 ix
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