READING THE MIDDLE AGES UTP Rosenwein RMA3e Vol1.indb 1 2018-04-06 2:29 PM This page intentionally left blank READING THE MIDDLE AGES SOURCES FROM EUROPE, BYZANTIUM, AND THE ISLAMIC WORLD EDITED BY BARBARA H. ROSENWEIN • THIRD EDITION volume i: from c.300 to c.1150 UTP Rosenwein RMA3e Vol1.indb 3 2018-04-06 2:29 PM Copyright © University of Toronto Press 2018 utorontopress.com All rights reserved. The use of any part of this publication reproduced, transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, or stored in a retrieval system, without prior written consent of the publisher—or in the case of photocopying, a licence from Access Copyright (the Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency) 320–56 Wellesley Street West, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 2S3—is an infringement of the copyright law. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Reading the Middle Ages: sources from Europe, Byzantium, and the Islamic world / edited by Barbara H. Rosenwein. — Third edition. Also published in one volume. Includes bibliographical references and index. Contents: v. 1. From c.300 to c.1150. Issued in print and electronic formats. ISBN 978-1-4426-3677-4 (v. 1: softcover).—ISBN 978-1-4426-3678-1 (v. 1: PDF).— ISBN 978-1-4426-3679-8 (v. 1: HTML) 1. Middle Ages—Sources. I. Title. D113.R38 2018b 909.07 C2018-901350-8 C2018-901351-6 We welcome comments and suggestions regarding any aspect of our publications—please feel free to contact us at [email protected] or visit our Internet site at www.utorontopress.com. North America UK, Ireland, and continental Europe 5201 Dufferin Street NBN International North York, Ontario, Canada, M3H 5T8 Estover Road, Plymouth, PL6 7PY, UK orders phone: 44 (0) 1752 202301 2250 Military Road orders fax: 44 (0) 1752 202333 Tonawanda, New York, USA, 14150 orders e-mail: [email protected] orders phone: 1–800–565–9523 orders fax: 1–800–221–9985 orders e-mail: [email protected] Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders; in the event of an error or omission, please notify the publisher. The University of Toronto Press acknowledges the financial support for its publishing activities of the Government of Canada through the Canada Book Fund. Printed in Canada. Funded by the Financé par le Government gouvernement of Canada du Canada UTP Rosenwein RMA3e Vol1 Interior-01.indd 4 2018-04-10 12:38 PM For Frank and Amy UTP Rosenwein RMA3e Vol1.indb 5 2018-04-06 2:29 PM UTP Rosenwein RMA3e Vol1.indb 6 2018-04-06 2:29 PM Yet research continues, and it continues to be fruitful, because histo- rians are not passive instruments, and because they read the same old documents with fresh eyes and with new questions in mind. Georges Duby, History Continues UTP Rosenwein RMA3e Vol1.indb 7 2018-04-06 2:29 PM This page intentionally left blank Contents Reading through Looking xiv Preface xv Abbreviations and Symbols xvii Authorized Version of the Bible xix i prelude: the roman world transformed (c.300–c.600) A Christianized Empire 1.1 Toleration or favoritism? The Edict of Milan (313) 1 1.2 Law: The Theodosian Code (438) 4 1.3 Plague: Gregory the Great, Letter to Bishop Dominic of Carthage (600) 6 Heresy and Orthodoxy 1.4 Heretics: Manichaean Texts (before 350?) 8 1.5 Orthodoxy’s declaration: The Nicene Creed (325) 11 Patristic Thought 1.6 Conversion: Augustine, Confessions (397–401) 12 1.7 Relating this world to the next: Augustine, The City of God (413–426) 16 1.8 Monasticism: The Benedictine Rule (c.530–c.560) 20 Saintly Models 1.9 The virginal life: Jerome, Letter 24 (To Marcella) (384) 28 1.10 The eremitical life: Athanasius, The Life of St. Antony of Egypt (357) 30 1.11 The active life: Sulpicius Severus, The Life of St. Martin of Tours (397) 35 1.12 The cult of saints: Gregory of Tours, The Life of Monegundis (580s) 38 UTP Rosenwein RMA3e Vol1.indb 9 2018-04-06 2:29 PM