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Reading John: A Literary Commentary on the Fourth Gospel & the Johannine Epistles PDF

292 Pages·1992·16.682 MB·English
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Charles H. Talbert READING JOHN A LITERARY AND THEOLOGICAL COMMENTARY ON TIIE FOURTH GOSPEL AND TIIE JOHANNINE EPISTLES CROSSROAD. NEWYORK READING JOHN READING TIlE NEW TESTAMENT SERIES Reading Corinthians A Literary and Theological Commentary on 1 and 2 Corinthians by Charles H. Th.lbert ReadlngJobn A Literary and Tbeological Commentary on the Fourth Gospel and tbeJobannlne Epistles by Charles H. 13lbert Reading Luke A Literary and Theological Commentary on the ThIrd Gospel by Charles H. Th1bert 1992 The Crossroad Publishing Company 370 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Copyright © 1992 by Charles H. ThIbert All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored In a retrieval system, or transmitted, In any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission of The Crossroad Publishing Company. Printed In the United States ofA merica Library ofC ongress Cata/ogtng-tn-Publlcatlon Data ThIbert, Charles H. Reading John : a literary and theological commentary on the fourth Gospel and the ]ohannine Epistles I Charles H. 'Illlbert. p. cm. ISBN 0-8245-1179-4 1. Bible. N.T. John-Commentaries. 2. Bible. N.T. Eplsdes of John-Commentanes. I. TIde. BS2615.3.T28 1992 226.5 '07-dc20 92-5999 CIP To Mabry Lunceford, who embodies the values of the Johannine Community CONTENTS Acknowledgments Editor's Preface Author's Preface Abbreviations xv The Johanntne Epistles 1 Introduction 3 Getting Oriented (2, 3}ohn; 1 John 1:1-5) 9 Walking in the Light (1 John 1:6-2:17; 2:18-28) 18 Discerning the Spirits (1 John 2:29-3:24a; 3:241>-4:6) 28 Perlect Love and Proper Belief (1 John 4:7-12; 4:13-16a; 4:16b-5:4a; 5:4b-12) 37 Bases for Christian Confidence (1 John 5:13,14-21) 50 The Fourth Gospel 59 Introduction 61 A Revealing, Empowering Presence Oohn 1:1-18) 66 Creator of a New Community Oohn 1:19-2:12) 80 Proponent of a New Birth Oohn 2: 13-3:21) 95 The Object of the Baptist's Praise Oohn 3:22-4:3) 105 The Savior of the World Oohn 4:4-44, 45-54) 111 Dutiful Apprentice of the Father Oohn 5: 1-47) 121 The Bread of Life Oohn 6:1-71) 131 Water of Life/Light of the World Oohn 7:1-9:41) 143 The DoorlIbe Good Shepherd Oohn 10:1-11:54) 164 vii viii Contents The One Whose Hour Has Come Oohn 11:55-12:50) 179 Washer of the Disciples' Feet Oohn 13: 1-35) 189 The Way, the Truth, and the Life 0000 13:31-14:31) 200 The True Vine Oohn 15:1-16:33) 211 The Intercessor Oohn 17:1-26) 223 The Enthroned King Oohn 1~19) 232 The Living Lord Oohn 20-21) 248 Appendix: Descending-Ascending Redeemer Figures in Mediterranean Antiquity 265 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Quotations from the Bible are from the Revised Standard Version, sec ond edition, or are by the author unless otherwise specified. Quota tions from church fathers are normally taken from The Ante-Nicene Fa tbers. Citations from Greek and Roman authors are usually from the Loeb Classical library. Quotations from the Pseudepigrapha are normally taken from James Charlesworth, ed., The Old Testament Pseudepigrapba, 2 vois. (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1983, 1985). Citations from the Nag Hammadi documents are drawn from The Nag Hammadt Library, ed. James M. Robinson (New York: Harper & Row, 1977). Material from the Apocryphal New Testament is ordinarily taken from M. R. James, The Apocrypbal New Testament (Oxford: Clarendon, 1955). Quotations from the Dead Sea Scrolls are taken from The Dead Sea Scrolls in Englisb,ed. Geza Vermes (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1962). Citations from the Mish nah are from The Misbnab, trans. Herbert Danby (Oxford: Clarendon, 1933). Material from The Fatbers accordtng to Rabbi Natban is taken from the translation by Judah Goldin (New Haven: Yale, 1955). Permis sion to use material from my article "The Myth of a Descending-Ascending Redeemer in Mediterranean Antiquity," N1S 22 (1976): 418-39, has gra ciously been granted by Cambridge University Press. EDITOR'S PREFACE "Reading the New Testament" is a commentary series that aims to present cutting-edge research in popular fonn that (J accessible to upper-level undergraduates, seminarians, seminary educated pastors, and educated laypeople, as well as to graduate students and professors. The volumes in this series do not follow the word-by-word, phrase-by-phrase, verse by-verse method of traditional commentaries. Rather they are concerned to understand 1arge thought units and their relationship to an author's thought as a whole. The focus is on a close reading of the final form of the text. The aim is to make one feel at home in the biblical text itself The approach of these volumes involves a concern both for bow an au thor communicates and wbat the religious point of the text is. Care is taken to relate both the bow and the wbat of the text to its milieu: Chrls tian (NT and non-canonical), Jewish (scriptural and post-biblical), and Greco-Roman. This enables both the communication strategies and the religious message of the text to be clarified over against a range of his torical and cultural possibilities. Moreover, a section of commentary on a large thought unit will often contain a brief excursus on some topic raised by the material in the unit, sometimes sketching OT, post-biblical Jew ish, Greco-Roman, NT, and non-canonical Christian views on the subject. Throughout, the basic concern is to treat the NT texts as religious doc uments whose religious message needs to be set forth with compelling clarity. All other concerns are subordinated to this. It is the hope of all participants in this project that our efforts at exposition will enable the NT to be understood better and communicated more competently. Charles H. 1hlbert, General Editor

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