3–5 JOSSEY-BASS TEACCHHEERR GUNNING JOSSEY-BASS TEACHER GRADES WWiitthh EEaasy-to-Copy, Lay-Flat Pages GRADES K–12 Reading Easy- Reading Comprehension Boosters to-Copy Pages Reading Comprehension Boosters features 100 Praise for Reading Comprehension Boosters 1 R 0 high-interest readings and activities designed to 0 e Comprehension help students improve their comprehension and “ Reading Comprehension Boosters is exactly what L L a response skills. Classroom-tested lessons include struggling readers need to improve their compre- e d s brief reading selections followed by constructed hension. The best part: the texts for each task s i response and multiple-choice questions and think- are included—saving teachers countless hours of o n n ing and writing activities. Reading Comprehension hunting for high-interest short passages. Teachers s g Boosters is fl exible and can be used as a core or will love this resource!” ff o C supplemental program, as test prep, or for interven- — Nancy Boyles, professor of reading, Southern Connecticut r Boosters tion with individual students or groups. State University, and Independent Literacy Consultant B B o u m ii ll Lessons include easily reproduced worksheets “ Reading Comprehension Boosters provides teach- dd p ii grouped within six thematic units. Each unit builds ers with critical comprehension strategies that all n r g background knowledge and focuses on an impor- students need to know. The lessons are well- e HH tant aspect of comprehension: 1) comprehending organized for the teachers, as well as interesting ii h 100 main ideas and details and visualizing; and motivating for the students. This book is an g e Lessons for Building Higher-Level Literacy hh 2) summarizing; 3) inferring, predicting, and incredible resource for all classrooms.” e n —J ennifer Brodeur, reading specialist, Old Saybrook, r concluding; 4) understanding facts versus - s Connecticut LL opinions; 5) comparing and contrasting; and e i v o THOMAS G. GUNNING 6) review and application. These units gradually e “ This book performs the real service of guiding n build in level of challenge so that students gain ll teachers in developing a step-by-step approach LL profi ciency and confi dence as they move along. ii B to teaching students strategies for improved t e Each unit includes a teacher section that offers comprehension.” r o extensive guidance on how to introduce the lessons a — Irene W. Gaskins, founder and head of school emerita, c o to students and support them in their development y Benchmark School, Media, Pennsylvania s of essential reading and responding skills. t e THE AUTHOR r Thomas G. Gunning, a consultant and former public s school teacher, is professor emeritus in the Depart- ment of Reading at Southern Connecticut State Uni- versity and adjunct professor at Central Connecticut State University. He teaches a variety of courses on literacy, remedial reading, and reading diagnosis. GRADES 3-5 EDUCATION $29.95 U.S. | $35.95 Canada www.josseybass.com Teacher Cover design by Michael Cook Jossey-Bass Teacher Jossey-Bass Teacher provides educators with practical knowledge and tools to create a positive and lifelong impact on student learning. We offer classroom-tested and research-based teaching resources for a variety of grade levels and subject areas. Whetheryouareanaspiring,new,orveteranteacher,wewanttohelpyoumakeevery teaching day your best. From ready-to-use classroom activities to the latest teaching framework, our value-packed books provide insightful, practical, and comprehensive materials on the topics that matter most to K–12 teachers. We hope to become your trusted source for the best ideas from the most experienced and respected experts in the field. Reading Comprehension Boosters 100 Lessons for Building Higher-Level Literacy Grades 3–5 Thomas G. Gunning Copyright© 2010byJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.Allrightsreserved. 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Jossey-Bassbooksandproductsareavailablethroughmostbookstores.TocontactJossey-BassdirectlycallourCustomer CareDepartmentwithintheU.S.at800-956-7739,outsidetheU.S.at317-572-3986,orfax317-572-4002. Jossey-Bassalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsinprintmaynotbe availableinelectronicbooks. ISBN978-0-470-39992-7 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica FIRSTEDITION PBPRINTING 10987654321 About This Book ReadingComprehensionBoosters:100LessonsforBuildingHigher-LevelLiteracy,Grades 3–5 is a program designed to help your students acquire the higher-level reading, reasoning, and responding skills they need to cope with complex literacy demands, including high-stakes tests. The program consists of the following key components: • An overview of the program. The Introduction provides a rationale for the program and describes its scope and sequence. • Motivational introduction to the program. Mystery Passages are used to motivate students by having them engage in riddle-type tasks that also provide diagnostic information and lay the groundwork for upcoming units. • 100 lessons. The core of the book is the series of 100 lessons designed to introduce and reinforce key skills and strategies for literacy. Each lesson begins with a teaching guide that provides suggestions for introducing the skill or strategy and supplying guided and independent practice. Many lessons also contain suggested extension and assessment activities. Following the teaching guide are the Student Pages, which contain practice materials so that students can apply the strategies and skills that they have been taught. The Student Pages feature high-interest theme-related reading selections accompanied by questions and other activities designed to reinforce the skills and strategies that have been introduced. • An end-of-theme reflection for the teacher that offers concrete suggestionsfor apply- ing the strategies taught in the unit to whole books. This section also includes a bibliography of books relevant to the theme of the unit. • A culminating reflection for students in which they think back on whatthey learned and how they can apply these new strategies and skills to school texts and outside reading. Also included is a list of books where they can find more information about the theme of the unit. v About the Author Tom Gunning is professor emeritus at Southern Connecticut State University, where he was department chairperson and director of the Reading Clinic. He is currently an adjunct professor in the Reading/Language Arts Department at Central Connecticut State University, where he teaches courses in assessment and intervention. He has been a secondary school English teacher, a secondary school reading specialist, and an elementary school reading consultant. He was also the editor of Know Your World Extra, a periodical for struggling readers. Gunning has been a consultant for elementary schools in areas that include improving the core curriculum, implementing response to intervention, and planning programs for severely disabled readers. Trained as a Junior Great Books discussion leader, he has used this approach with students in an urban elementary school. Recently he served as a hands-on consultant for a Reading First school. GunningistheauthorofCreatingLiteracyInstructionforAllChildren(7thedition); Assessing and Correcting Reading and Writing Difficulties (4th edition); Developing Higher-Level Literacy in All Students; Closing the Literacy Gap; and Word Building, a ResponsetoInterventionProgram,designedforstudentswithdecodingproblems.Heis also the author of a number of children’s books, including Strange Mysteries, Amazing Escapes, and Dream Cars. He is the coeditor with Jim Collins of Building Struggling Readers’ Higher-Level Literacy: Practical Ideas, Powerful Solutions. Gunning was a contributing editor for My Friend, a nonprofit magazine for students in grades 1 to 8, and was a member of Sports Illustrated for Kids panel of experts toadvisetheeditorialstaffonthereadabilityandsuitabilityofthismagazine’s articles.HeisapastpresidentoftheReadabilitySpecialInterestGroupandiscurrently the group’s membership chairperson. Gunning has conducted research on group reading inventories, severe reading disabilities, intervention programs, readability, response to intervention, decoding processes and strategies, and literacy skills needed to cope with high-stakes tests. Gunning has a bachelor’s and a master’s degree from Loyola University Mary- land and earned a doctorate in the psychology of reading from Temple University in Philadelphia. As a Mellon Visiting Fellow at Yale University, he studied brain development and its implications for literacy instruction. TheimpetusforReadingComprehensionBoosters:100LessonsforBuildingHigher- Level Literacy for Grades 3–5 grew out of his lifelong work with struggling readers, recent work with struggling comprehenders in a Reading First school, and current work with students who are proficient decoders but poor comprehenders. vi Contents AboutThisBook ............................................................. v Aboutthe Author .............................................................vi Introduction ................................................................. 1 Unit 1 Finding Main Ideas, Identifying Supporting Details, and Visualizing ThemeA: TheWonderfulWorld ofAnimals .............................. 26 ThemeB: Robots .................................................. 91 Unit 2 Summarizing Theme: AnimalHelpers ............................................ 114 Unit 3 Inferring, Predicting, Concluding Theme: PeopleHelping People ....................................... 174 Unit 4 Facts and Opinions Theme: Inventions ................................................ 262 Unit 5 Comparing and Contrasting ThemeA: ConfusingAnimals ........................................ 310 ThemeB: FamousPeople ........................................... 332 ThemeC: Sleep .................................................. 347 Unit 6 Review and Application ThemeA: Transportation ........................................... 374 ThemeB: One-RoomSchoolhouses .................................. 413 AnswerKey ............................................................... 435 References................................................................ 465 vii