Read, Listen, Tell: Indigenous Stories from Turtle Island PDF
Preview Read, Listen, Tell: Indigenous Stories from Turtle Island
258802-2 9781771123006_text_REV_TXT_Ok12216134327587724906_1_2_001-001_PG 1_2017-05-10_10:51:13_K Indigenous StudiesSeries The Indigenous Studies Series builds on the successes of the past and is inspired by recentcriticalconversationsaboutIndigenousepistemologicalframeworks.Recogniz- ing the need to encourage burgeoning scholarship, the series welcomes manuscripts drawinguponIndigenousintellectualtraditionsandphilosophies,particularlyindis- cussionssituatedwithintheHumanities. Series Editor Dr.Deanna Reder(Cree-Métis),AssociateProfessor,FirstNationsStudiesandEnglish, SimonFraserUniversity Advisory Board Dr.Jo-annArchibald(Stó:lō),ProfessorofEducationalStudies,FacultyofEducation, UniversityofBritishColumbia Dr.KristinaBidwell(NunatuKavut),AssociateDeanofAboriginalAffairs,Collegeof ArtsandScience,andProfessorofEnglish,UniversityofSaskatchewan Dr. Daniel Heath Justice (Cherokee), Professor, English, Canada Research Chair in IndigenousLiteratureandExpressiveCulture,University ofBritishColumbia Dr. Eldon Yellowhorn (Piikani), Associate Professor, Archaeology, Director of First NationsStudies,SimonFraserUniversity 258802-2 9781771123006_text_REV_TXT_Ok12216134327587724906_1_2_002-002_PG 1_2017-05-10_10:51:19_C-M-Y-K Inuit Tlicho Dogrib Haisla Heiltsuk Kwakwaka’wakw N(cid:213)hiyaw CCCrrree Kanien’keha:ka MMééttiiss Mohawk Sp Blackfeet Anishinaabeg Okanagan Schitsu’Umsh Chippewa/Ojibwe CoeurD’Alene Lakota Sioux Wendat Abenaki Huron Ani’yunwi’ya Diné Pueblo Cherokee Navajo MvskokeEtvlwv Creek Yoeme Yaqui Maya Purépecha Yokot’aan Chontal MapofIndigenousNationsofTurtleIsland.ThereareoversixteenhundrednationsonTurtle Island,orNorthAmerica.Inthisvolume,weareabletorepresentonlyasmallselectionofthese Nations.Foramorecompletemap,pleasevisitwww.tribalrelationships.com.(Credit: Aaron R. Carapella and Tribal Nations Maps) 258802-2 9781771123006_text_REV_TXT_Ok12216134327587724906_1_2_003-003_PG 1_2017-05-10_10:51:21_K READ • LISTEN • TELL INDIGENOUS STORIES FROM TURTLE ISLAND Sophie McCall, Deanna Reder,DavidGaertner, and Gabrielle L’Hirondelle Hill, editors 258802-2 9781771123006_text_REV_TXT_Ok12216134327587724906_1_2_004-004_PG 1_2017-05-10_10:51:22_K Wilfrid Laurier University Press acknowledges the support of the Canada Council for the Arts for our publishing program. We acknowledge the financial support of theGovernmentofCanadathroughtheCanadaBookFundforourpublishingactivities.This workwas supported by theResearch SupportFund. Library and Archives Canada CataloguinginPublication Read,listen,tell:indigenous storiesfrom TurtleIsland/ Sophie McCall, Deanna Reder, DavidGaertner, and GabrielleL'HirondelleHill, editors. (Indigenous studiesseries) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. Issuedinprintand electronicformats. ISBN978-1-77112-300-6(softcover).—ISBN978-1-77112-301-3(PDF).— ISBN978-1-77112-302-0(EPUB) 1.Indians of North America—Literary collections. 2. Canadianliterature(English)— Indian authors. 3. Americanliterature—Indian authors. I.McCall, Sophie, 1969–,editor II.Reder, Deanna, 1963–,editor III. Gaertner, David, 1979–,editor IV. Hill, Gabrielle L’Hirondelle, 1979–,editor V. Series:Indigenous studiesseries PS8235.I6R432017 C810.8'0897 C2017-900404-2 C2017-900405-0 CoverimagebySonnyAssu,TheParadiseSyndrome,Voyage#32(2016;archivalpigment print,21x36").Courtesyoftheartist.sonnyassu.com.CoverdesignbyAngelaBoothMalleau, designbooth.ca.Frontispiece:mapbyAaronR.CarapellaandTribalNationsMaps.Interior design by Angela Booth Malleau. © 2017Wilfrid LaurierUniversity Press Waterloo,Ontario, Canada www.wlupress.wlu.ca ThisbookisprintedonFSC®certifiedpaperandiscertifiedEcologo.Itcontainspost-consumer fibre, is processed chlorinefree, and is manufactured using biogas energy. PrintedinCanada Everyreasonableefforthasbeenmadetoacquirepermissionforcopyrightmaterialusedin thistext,andtoacknowledgeallsuchindebtednessaccurately.Anyerrorsandomissionscalled tothepublisher’s attention will becorrectedinfutureprintings. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted, inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthepriorwrittenconsentofthepublisheroralicence fromtheCanadianCopyrightLicensingAgency(AccessCopyright).ForanAccessCopyright licence, visithttp://www.accesscopyright.ca or call toll freeto1-800-893-5777. 258802-2 9781771123006_text_REV_TXT_Ok12216134327587724906_1_2_005-005_PG 1_2017-05-10_10:51:23_K TABLES OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements xv Centring Indigenous Intellectual Traditions: IntroducingRead,Listen,Tell 1 Notes 373 WorksCited 377 About the Editors 383 Copyright Acknowledgements 387 I. Table of Contents by Theme The goal of Read, Listen, Tell is not only to share with readers an incredibly diverse collection of Indigenous stories, but also to transform methods of reading by bringing into the forefront practices in interpreting texts that are grounded in Indigenous knowledges and scholarship. Each of the chapters offersparticularstrategiesforreadingthestoriesinmultipleways,encouraging readerstoexpandthescopeoftheshortstorybyincludingabroadrangeof story forms. The chapters consist of five to seven stories, accompanied by a critical essay that helps contextualize some of the questions and issues the stories raise. 1. “TheTruth about StoriesIs … StoriesAre All That WeAre” ForThomasKing,storiesnotonlycontributetooursenseofwhoweare— storiesarewhoweare.Thestoriesinthischapterinvitereaderstothinknot onlyabouttheprofoundrolethatstoriesplayinshapingtheworld,butalso about our responsibilities to those stories as readers and critics. Reading andsharingstoriesisnotsimplyapastime;itisthemostprimarymeansfor usto engage with and make sense of the worldaround us. “TheWayof the Sword”(2011) 14 Dawn Dumont (Plains Cree,1978–) “KingoftheTie-snakes” (2001) 29 Craig Womack (Cherokee,1960–) v 258802-2 9781771123006_text_REV_TXT_Ok12216134327587724906_1_2_006-006_PG 1_2017-05-10_10:51:24_K vi Contents by Theme “As It Was in the Beginning” (1899) 46 E. Pauline Johnson(Mohawk,1861–1913) “DeerWoman”(1991) 54 Paula Gunn Allen (Laguna Pueblo/Sioux, 1939–2008) “‘You’ll Never BelieveWhat Happened’ Is AlwaysaGreat Way to Start”(2003) 62 Thomas King(Cherokee, 1943– ) 2. Land,Homeland,Territory The interrelationship between land, story, and community plays a vital role in many of the works by Indigenous writers and storytellers. Looking closely at the way a story represents place can reveal a lot about human relationshipsanddifferentwaysofunderstandingplaceandland.Howcan wereadavarietyofsettings—rural,urban,interior,exterior,reserve,bush— as enriching our understanding of the way the characters relate to their surroundings? “Like Some Old Story”(2002) 80 KimberlyBlaeser(Chippewa,1955– ) “Borders”(1993) 85 Thomas King(Cherokee, 1943– ) “RitaHayworthMexicana”(2002) 95 M.E.Wakamatsu(Yaqui, 1953– ) “AnAthabascaStory”(2012) 98 Warren Cariou (Métis, 1966– ) “The‘Oka Crisis,’” fromTheFiveHundredYearsofResistance ComicBook(2010) 104 GordHill(Kwakwaka’wakw,1968–) “Goodbye,Snauq”(2004) 109 LeeMaracle(Stó:lo¯,1950–) 3.“Reinventing the Enemy’sLanguage” Thestoriesinthissectionexplorethedistinctvaluesandknowledgescon- tainedwithinIndigenouslanguages.Notonlyaretheauthorsmakinginten- tionalwordchoicestoinfluencethetone,mood,andshapeoftheirnarra- tives;theyarealsoalternatingbetweenIndigenouslanguagesandvarious formsofEnglish.Thisdeliberateuseoflanguagesuggeststhatlanguages holdspecificideas,culturalvalues,andspecificknowledgesthatareworth- whileto stay connectedto. “The Son Who Came Back from the UnitedStates”(1992,2001) 124 SixtoCanul(Maya,1948–) 258802-2 9781771123006_text_REV_TXT_Ok12216134327587724906_1_2_007-007_PG 1_2017-05-10_10:51:25_K Contents by Theme vii “GhostTrap” (1992) 126 Gloria Anzaldúa (Chicana, 1942–2004), “I’m Not a Witch, I’m a Healer!” (1997, tr.2007) 132 JoelTorres Sánchez(Purépecha, 1950–), “Aunt Parnetta’s Electric Blisters”(1990) 136 DianeGlancy (Cherokee,1941–) “Land Speaking” (1998) 141 JeannetteArmstrong (Okanagan, 1948– ) 4. Cree Knowledge Embedded in Stories OnewayofapproachingIndigenousstoriesistounderstandtheminlight of tribal ways of knowing. In this chapter, you will learn how to approach Creeliteratureasabodyofworkinfluencedbytheintellectual,culturaland spiritualtraditionsthatprecededthearrivalofEuropeans.Youwillalsolearn howtoreadthesestoriesinreferencetolongstandingstoriesandstorytell- ingstyles. Chapter14 fromKissoftheFurQueen(1998) 160 Tomson Highway (Cree,1951–) Excerpt fromDarknessCalls (2004) 165 Steven KeewatinSanderson(Cree,1976–) “I’m Not an Indian” (2007) 170 Solomon Ratt(Cree,1954–) “TheRepublic of Tricksterism” (1998) 172 PaulSeesequasis(Cree,1958–) “Delivery” (2013) 179 LisaBird-Wilson(Cree/Métis) “RollingHead’sGrave Yard” (2006) 186 Louise BerniceHalfe (Cree,1953– ) Excerpt from“EinewKis-Kee-Tum-Awin (IndigenousPeople’s Knowledge)”(2005) 193 Harold Cardinal(Cree, 1945–2005) 5.“Each WordHas a StoryofIts Own”:StoryArcs and StoryCycles Indigenousstoriesthatmightbecategorizedas“traditional”areoftenpart ofalargerstorycycle—thatis,theparticularstoryisonlyonesmallpartof aseriesofconnectedstories.Readingstoriesaspartofastorycycle,and payingcloseattentiontotheinterrelationshipsbetweenstories,encourages usasreaderstolookfor meaning beyond the confines of justonestory. “Uinigumasuittuq/SheWhoNeverWantsto Get Married” (1999) 198 Alexina Kublu (Inuit,1954–) 258802-2 9781771123006_text_REV_TXT_Ok12216134327587724906_1_2_008-008_PG 1_2017-05-10_10:51:27_K viii Contents byTheme “Summit with Sedna, the Mother of Sea Beasts”(1993) 208 Alootook Ipellie (Inuit, 1951–2007) “BeadedSoles”(1997,2004) 213 SusanPower(StandingRock Sioux, 1961–) “TheDevil”(1921) 227 Zitkala-Sa (Gertrude Bonnin) (Sioux, 1876–1938) “Coyoteand thePeople Killer”(2004) 228 TaniaWillard(Secwepemc,1976–) “Language and LiteraturefromaPueblo IndianPerspective” (1981, 1996) 236 LeslieMarmonSilko (Laguna Pueblo, 1948– ) 6. Community,Self, Transformation Howdoweunderstandtheselfinrelationtoothers—notonlyhumanbut those belonging to the wider living world? A recurring theme of trans- formationinthesestoriesremindsustorespecttheinter-relatednessofall beings—human, animal, and elemental. “TheToughest Indian in the World”(2000) 246 Sherman Alexie (Spokane/Coeurd’Alene,1966–) “The Secret of the Zutz’baläm” (1997, tr.2004) 256 Isaías HernándezIsidro (Chontal, 1966– ) “Devotion” (2012) 259 Richard Van Camp (Dogrib [Tlicho],1971–) “GrandmaandtheWendigo”(2000, tr.2017) 264 SylvainRivard (Abenaki, 1966– ) Excerpt fromRed:AHaidaManga(2009) 268 Michael Nicoll Yahgulanaas (Haida, 1954–) “The Boys Who Became a Killer Whale” (2006) 273 EllenRiceWhite(Snuneymuxw,1922–) 7. ShiftingPerspectives Studentsandscholarsofliteratureoftenaretrainedtoidentifyandanalyse howideologyfunctionswithintexts,butthesereaderssometimesoverlook the ideologies that they themselves bring to the texts. Shifts in perspec- tiveandthejuxtapositionofdifferentpointsofviewencouragereadersto examine their own assumptions, and to consider how ideology influences theway weunderstandstories. “Never Marry a Mexican” (1992) 288 SandraCisneros(Chicana,1954–) 258802-2 9781771123006_text_REV_TXT_Ok12216134327587724906_1_2_009-009_PG 1_2017-05-10_10:51:28_K Contents by Theme ix “Weegit DiscoversHalibutHooks”(1956) 300 Gordon Robinson (Haisla, 1918–1999) “TheManyLivesofAnakajuttuq”(1969) 302 JoePanipakuttuk (Inuit, 1914–1970) Excerpt fromWendy (2014) 305 WalterK.Scott(Mohawk, 1985– ) “Lullaby” (1974, 1981) 310 LeslieMarmonSilko (Laguna Pueblo, 1948– ) “NotesonLeslie Marmon Silko’s ‘Lullaby’: Socially Responsible Criticism”(2002,2017) 318 Jo-Ann Episkenew(Métis,1952–2016) 8. Indigenous FantasyandSF Indigenousauthorshavecomposedstoriesinanynumberofgenres,includ- ing (but not limited to) fantasy, science fiction, erotica and horror. Indig- enous writers are shaping, adapting and indigenizing well-known literary genrestocreatesomeofthemostinnovative,provocativeandfun-to-read short fiction available. “Tatterborn” (2017) 327 DanielHeath Justice(Cherokee,1975–) “Men on the Moon” (1978,1999) 337 SimonOrtiz (AcomaPueblo,1941–) “Father,Son, Holy Rabbit”(2010) 345 StephenGraham Jones (Blackfeet,1972–) “TerminalAvenue”(2004) 352 Eden Robinson (Haisla / Heiltsuk, 1968– ) “On DrowningPond”(2010) 360 Allison Hedge Coke (Cherokee/Huron,1958–) “The SpaceNDN’sStarMap”(2015,2017) 364 L.CatherineCornum (Diné, 1989–)
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