RCED-89-177 Food Assistance Programs: Nutritional Adequacy of PDF
Preview RCED-89-177 Food Assistance Programs: Nutritional Adequacy of
ECNATSISSADOOF rebmetpeS 9-I - SMARGORP :- lanoitirtuN ycauqedA #‘ fo yramirP dooF g ’ noGargorP ruoF naidnI snoitavreseR . 98-DECR/OAG 771 OAG detinU setatS lareneG gnitnuoccA eciffO ,notgnihsaW .C.D 34502 ,secruoseR ,ytinummoC dna cimonocE tnempoleveD noisiviD 0632-B 11 rebmetpeS ,92 9891 lanoissergnoC sretseuqeR nI ruoy tsuguA ,3 ,8891 letter, uoy desserpxe snrecnoc gnidrager eht effectiveness of cilbup dna private smargorp in alleviating regnuh dna gnitomorp eht lanoitirtun eraflew of stnediser no naidnI .snoitavreser uoY detseuqer taht ew enimreted eht sufficiency of doof ecnatsissa -orp smarg in gniteem eht lanoitirtun sdeen of snaidnI living no four -avreser :snoit troF dlohtreB in htroN ;atokaD eniP egdiR in htuoS ;atokaD etihVC htraE in ;atosenniM dna Navajo in ,anozirA weN Mexico, dna .hatU nI this ,drager uoy deksa su ot dnopser ot eerht yramirp :snoitseuq .1 What latnemnrevog dna latnemnrevognon efforts era gnieb edam ot pleh fill lanoitirtun sdeen of naidnI sdlohesuoh no eht ?*snoitavreser .2 erA eht doof segakcap detubirtsid yb eht dooF noitubirtsiD margorP no naidnI snoitavreseR etauqeda in ezis dna variety ot teem eht -irtun lanoit sdeen of snaidnI gnitapicitrap in eht ?margorp erA naidnI doof pmats stneipicer no eht snoitavreser dedivorp htiw etauqeda ?’noitirtun .3 What laiceps lanoitirtun sdeen of snaidnI era ton desserdda yb eht evoba doof ecnatsissa ?smargorp Results in Brief We dnuof eht gniwollof information: A variety of laredef doof ecnatsissa smargor>j serve eht four naidnI -ser l ervations. ehT owt tsegral era eht .S.U tnemtrapeD of s’erutlucirgA )ADSU( dooF pmatS margorP dna its dooF noitubirtsiD margorP no I: .flian snoitavreseR .)RIPDF( eerhT of eht four snoitavreser osla receive emos epyt of laredefnon doof ecnatsissa hguorht lanoitan doof ecnatsissa ,snoitazinagro local doof ,sknab ,sehcruhc dna tiforpnon laicos service .seicnega ehT dooF pmatS margorP dna RIPD’F era dengised ot provide stneipicer l htiw stifeneb tnetsisnoc htiw lanoitan yrateid .senilediug ,revewoH esuaceb ynam factors affect eht lanoitirtun value of eht doof individuals ,emusnoc hcus sa eht ytitnauq of doof ,detsegni doof noitaraperp -htem ,sdo dna eht variable lanoitirtun sdeen of individuals, ew erew elbanu ot enimreted eht lanoitirtun ycauqeda of margorp stifeneb for specific individuals. . ruoF major detaler-teid htlaeh snoitidnoc exist no eht four :snoitavreser ,ytisebo ,setebaid traeh ,esaesid dna .noisnetrepyh hguohtlA reporp egaP 1 771+8-DECR/OAG noitirtuN no ruoF naidnI snoitavreseR 5236011 noitirtun may ton eruc eseht ,snoitidnoc it nac ecuder rieht -acilpmoc snoit ro pleh tneverp rieht .ecnerrucco ehT dooF pmatS margorP dna RIPDF era ton dengistd ot specifically sserdda eht laiceps .)rateid sdeen of naidnI ;stneipicer ,revewoh gnirusne taht margorp stneipicer e.xiecer dna ylppa etauqeda noitirtun noitacude nac pleh etadommocca eseht .sdeen rehtO laredef smargorp era available ot snaidnI no snoita.\reser taht sserdda eht yrateid sdeen of laiceps ,spuorg hcus sa S’ADS’I laicepS latnemelppuS dooF margorP for Women, stnafnI dna nerdlihC .)CIVL( Background snoitavreseR era netfo detacol in etomer dna hsrah saera of eht .-brtnuoc htiw sdnal ton elbatius for farming. sA a ,tluser ynam sebirt tonnac -orp vide all of rieht nwo .doof ,esiwekiL eht sebirt no eht four snoitavreser ew visited have emoc ot yler nopu laredef doof ecnatsissa smargorp ot fulfill rieht lanoitirtun .sdeen hgiH tnemyolpmenu setar dna wol emocni levels era rehtruf snosaer yhw laredef doof ecnatsissa seunitnoc ot eb dedeen no eht four .snoitavreser From 05 ot 97 tnecrep of eht laitnetop gnikrow noitalupop is ,deyolpmenu dna dlohesuoh semocni egnar from 920,9$ ot 540,11$ no eht four .snoitavreser nI gniredisnoc eht lanoitirtun sdeen of snaidnI living no ,snoitavreser it dluohs eb dezingocer taht on owt naidnI sebirt in this yrtnuoc era exactly alike. What is doog for eno ebirt of elpoep may ton eb doog for ,rehtona dna a margorp taht solves eht smelborp of eno ebirt may ton solve eht smelborp of .rehtona This is eud ot eht tribal differences in ylrae ,erutluc ,noitacol secruoser ro( kcal ,)foereht ,noigiler .noitacude ro .noitidart Food Assistance Several laredef doof smargorp provide suoitirtun doof ot eligible -idnI eht-sna dooF pmatS ,margorP WIG, eht Commodity latnemelppuS dooF Programs margorP ,)PFSC( child dna ylredle noitirtun ,smargorp dna smargorp yllaicepse dengised ot edulcni snaidnI living no ro raen ,snoitavreser hcus sa .RIPDF S’ADSU dooF dna noitirtuN Service )MF( is eht yramirp laredef ycnega providing doof ecnatsissa ot .snaidnI Several laredef doof ecnatsissa smargorp serve eht four naidnI -avreser snoit ew visited. ehT owt tsegral era eht dooF pmatS margorP dna .RIPDF ehT dooF pmatS tcA of 7791 .L.P( ,311-59 .tpeS ,92 ,)7791 sa .dednema is eht gnizirohtua noitalsigel for htob .smargorp ehT dooF pmatS -orP marg provides ylhtnom doof ecnatsissa ot sdlohesuoh taht teem eht eli- gibility criteria: stneipicer receive snopuoc taht yeht meeder for .seirecorg sA na alternative ot doof ,spmats RIPDF provides commodity egaP 2 771%8-DECR/OAG noitirtuN no ruoF naidnI noitavreseR 110632B doof ot eligible emocni-wol naidnI dna naidnI-non sdlohesuoh detacol .no dna naidnI sdlohesuoh detacol ,raen .snoitavreser While eht dooF pmatS margorP dna RIPDF eligibility criteria era similar, emos eligibility differences nac etaerc noitapicitrap selcatsbo for emos .sdlohesuoh roF example, a dlohesuoh may eb eligible for RIPDF stifeneb tub ineligible for doof .spmats ehT value of na denwo vehicle, hcihw is ton detnuoc in eht RIPDF eligibility ,noitanimreted yb itself ro nehw dedda ot rehto diohesuoh secruoser may hsup eht s’dlohesuoh elbatnuoc secruoser dnoyeb doof pmats eligibility limits. rehtO factors, hcus sa lanosrep edirp dna a gnorts self-sufficiency ,cihte may osla tnuocca for noitapicitrap etar differences gnoma eligible naidnI .sdlohesuoh nI -lac radne raey ,8891 eht denibmoc noitapicitrap in eht RIPDF dna eht dooF pmatS margorP degnar from 83 ot 09 tnecrep of eht noitalupop living no ro tnecajda ot eht four snoitavreser ew .deweiver snaidnI nac osla receive doof ecnatsissa from laredefnon ,secruos hguohtla information gnidrager eht ycauqeda of eht tnuoma of doof -orp vided yb eseht secruos saw ton available. eerhT of eht four snoitameser ew deweiver erew receiving emos epyt of laredefnon ecnatsissa hguorht lanoitan doof ecnatsissa ,snoitazinagro local doof .sknab ,sehcruhc dna tiforpnon laicos service .seicnega esehT snoitazinagro provide -reme ycneg doof dia dna latnemelppus doof for individual snaidnI dna for community gnideef sites, hcus sa roines citizen ,sretnec ,sretlehs dna missions. ehT tnuoma of doof dedivorp yb laredefnon snoitazinagro ot eht Navajo noitavreseR sah ;desaercni ,revewoh gnidrocca ot a 9891 troper no regnuh in ,anozirA ynam laredefnon doof providers detroper gnieb trohs of sdnuf dna gnieb elbanu ot teem all of eht doof dna rehto sdeen no eht ’.noitavreser nI total, laredefnon doof ecnatsissa efforts no eht eerht snoitavreser era small derapmoc htiw eht laredef doof -sissa ecnat .smargorp Nutritional ycauqedA ehT maximum dooF pmatS margorP tifeneb is dengised ot provide ,sdlohesuoh htiw on elbatnuoc ,emocni na etauqeda ytitnauq of doof dna of Food Stamp stneirtun for na eritne ,htnom gnidrocca ot .ADSU ,revewoH most doof Program pmats sdlohesuoh have emos elbatnuoc emocni taht nac eb detubirtnoc drawot doof .sesahcrup ,suhT doof spmats ,era in ecitcarp for most ,sdlohesuoh a latnemelppus benefit, gnidrocca ot ADSU officials. ehT lanoitirtun stifeneb of doof spmats era desab no S'ADSU 3891 Thrifty ehT anozirA etatS yrosivdA licnuoC no regnuH dna eht tnemtrapeD fo clmwrwE Indian Resenations egaP 3 771%4DECR/OAG noitirtuN on Four dooF nalP )PFT( taht setaroprocni information n)‘ doof noitpmusnoc -tap ,snret doof secirp detadpu( for inflation), tneirtun noitisopmoc of .sdoof dna namuh lanoitirtun .stnemeriuqer ehT nalp is tnetsisnoc lr,lth eht 0891 yrateid sdradnats dehsilbatse yb eht lanoitaS .>medacA of Sci- .secne ,revewoH eht PFT is ylno na lacitylana ediug taht doof pmats stneipicer may ro may ton follow. dooF pmats stneipicer nac wahcrup yna doof items, sseldrager of lanoitirtun value ro .tsoc esuaceB ,?nam variables affect tahw individuals ,emusnoc ew erew ton elba ot -reted mine eht lanoitirtun ycauqeda of eht margorp stifeneb for indi\,iduals. Nutritional ycauqedA sA a latnemelppus doof ,ecruos eht doof egakcap tup rehtegot rednu RIPDF is ton dednetni ot provide a yad-03 ylppus of .doof sA is eurt for of FDPIR most snosrep receiving doof ,spmats RIPDF stneipicer era detcepxe ot esahcrup a noitrop of rieht ylhtnom doof .ylppus gnidroccA ot btht .ADSC lanoitirtun tnetnoc of eht ylhtnom doof segakcap steem ro sdeecxe eht dednemmocer yrateid ecnawolla for doof ,ygrene ,nietorp most vitamins dna minerals. snoinipO vary no eht ycauqeda of eht ezis of eht doof .segakcap Specific atad gniwohs eht tnuoma of time taht a doof egakcap will niatsus a family erew ton available from rehtie margorp ro tribal officials no eht four .snoitavreser emoS tribal officials dias taht RIPDF doof segakcap era .etauqeda rehtO tribal officials dias taht emos -ipicer stne nur tuo of doof erofeb eht dne of eht .htnom yehT identified owt surveys, eno detelpmoc no eht troF dlohtreB noitavreseR in 5.891 dna eht rehto no eht eniP egdiR noitavreseR in ,9891 taht detacidni tuoba 5.1 dna 14 tnecrep of eht noitavreser sdlohesuoh delpmas yb eht surveys. respectively, dah decneirepxe doof .segatrohs stnapicitraP era offered several seciohc of doof items gnoma eht four cisab doof .spuorg hguohtlA tuoba 06 different doof items era -ohtua dezir for RIPDF ,noitubirtsid ton all of eht items era yltnetsisnoc availa- .elb suoiraV factors, hcus sa esrevda tekram ,snoitidnoc tribal doof ,secnereferp dna egarots ecaps limitations ta eht etats dna noitavreser margorp levels, may limit eht variety of sdoof available ta specific reser vations for specific .shtnom ehT lanoisacco ecnesba of emos RIPDF doof items may osla ecuder eht overall lanoitirtun value of eht doof ?egakcap hguohtlA ADSU improved eht lanoitirtun tnetnoc of eht RIPDF doof -kcap ega in ,6891 tribal dna .S.U tnemtrapeD of htlaeH dna namuH Services’ )SHH( naidnI htlaeH Service )SHI( officials believe taht eht fat dna ruidos tnetnoc of ynam of eht available doof items dluohs eb decuder .rehtruf egaP 4 77198-DECR/OAG noitirtuN no Four naidnI toira-nrseR 1106325 - Special Nutritional SHI dna tribal officials detic ,setebaid traeh ,esaesid ,ytisebo dna -repyh noisnet sa major detaler-teid htlaeh snoitidnoc no eht four .snoitavreser Needs of Indians hguohtlA reporp noitirtun may ton eruc eseht .snoitidnoc it may ecuder rieht snoitacilpmoc ro pleh tneverp rieht .ecnerrucco While eht dooF pmatS margorP dna RIPDF era ton dengised ot specifically sserdda eht laiceps yrateid sdeen of naidnI ,stneipicer erom nac eb enod ot -ommocca etad eseht sdeen dedivorp stneipicer receive dna ylppa etauqeda -irtun noit .noitacude roF example, elpoep htiw noisnetrepyh ro rehto salt- sensitive htlaeh snoitidnoc may eb elba ot esu commodities taht niatnoc salt yb gnisnir eht item ot eliminate eht lanretxe salt eudiser from -kcap gni juices, ybereht gnicuder eht overall salt tnetnoc of eht item. nI ,noitidda rehto laredef smargorp era dengised ot teem eht lanoitirtun sdeen of emos laiceps .snoitalupop roF example, lanoitirtun sdeen of infants no eht four snoitavreser era desserdda yb WK. hguohtlA ew dluoc ton enimreted if WIG stifeneb erew gnieb dedivorp ot all eligible ,stneipicer ew dnuof taht sa of rebmeceD 8891 ereht saw on gnitiaw list for noitapicitrap in eht WIG margorp ta yna of eht four .snoitavreser emoS smargorp deretsinimda yb ’SHH noitartsinimdA no ,gnigA for rehtona example, ekam laiceps doof noitaraperp dna delivery provisions for snosrep elbanu ot niatbo stifeneb no rieht .nwo noitirtuN noitacudE enO yaw ot niatta reporp noitirtun is yb improving doof gnisahcrup dna noitaraperp secitcarp dna gnitae ,stibah hcihw nac eb degaruocne hguorht noitirtun .noitacude Providing noitirtun erutaretil dna -yolpme gni nutritionists in noitcnujnoc htiw eht doof ecnatsissa smargorp nac pleh ot etacude margorp stneipicer yb gnitartsnomed woh ot esahcrup dna eraperp erom suoitirtun ,sdoof woh ot ekam rieht doof seilppus last ,regnol dna woh ot sserdda laiceps htlaeh .sdeen ehT tnuoma dna sepyt of noitirtun noitacude dedivorp sa trap of eht dooF pmatS margorP dna RIPDF ta eht four naidnI snoitavreser varied. noitirtuN noitacude activities degnar from gnikooc .snoitartsnomed -cel ,serut dna eno-no-eno noitirtun gnilesnuoc ot gnitsop seruhcorb dna -orp viding rehto nettirw materials ot margorp .stnapicitrap SHI dna community htlaeh sevitatneserper osla provide emos noitirtun noitacude services no eht four .snoitavreser gnidroccA ot SHI dna tribal -noitirtun ists, noitirtun noitacude efforts no eht four snoitavreser dluohs eb dednapxe dna deroliat ot eht specific sdeen of noitavreser .snaidnI egaP 5 771%8DECR/OAG noitirtuN no ruoF naidnL snoitavreseR llwt32B snoitavresbO dooF ecnatsissa smargorp nac improve steid no naidnI snoitavreser .bb gnikam available erom suoitirtun sdoof dna noitirtun .noitacude hguohtlA hcus ,smargorp primarily eht laredef dooF pmatS margorP dna ,RIPDF gnola htiw laredefnon doof ,ecnatsissa have detubirtnoc TO eht improved teid of emocni-wol naidnI sdlohesuoh no eht four -a.\reser snoit ew ,deweiver ereht era snoitacidni taht emos regnuh still exists ta troF dlohtreB dna eniP .egdiR ,revewoH eht tnetxe of this regnuh is ton ylisae .denimreted A retaerg nrecnoc no hcae of eht four snoita.vreser saw eht ecnelaverp of detaler-teid sesaesid dna eht impact of laredef doof ecnatsissa smargorp no esoht .sesaesid ynaM factors affect eht ytilauq of life of snaidnI gnidiser no -aneser ,snoit gnidulcni hgih tnemyolpmenu dna noitatropsnart .stniartsnoc -orP viding na etauqeda doof ylppus dna reporp noitacude taht sesserdda tht lanoitirtun sdeen of eht lareneg noitavreser noitalupop sa llew sa esoht htiw detaler-teid sesaesid dluohs improve taht ytilauq of life. Individual snaidnI osla deen ot yrrac tuo eht noitirtun noitacude yb gnisoohc reihtlaeh sdoof dna gniraperp meht in a suoitirtun .rennam .-. ycnegA Comments ehT stnemtrapeD of erutlucirgA dna htlaeH dna namuH Services. sa llew sa eht sebirt no eht four snoitavreser dedulcni in ruo ,weiver erew given eht ytinutroppo ot formally comment no a draft of this .troper stnemmoC erew received from eht stnemtrapeD of erutlucirgA dna htlaeH dna namuH Services. htoB seicnega yllareneg deerga htiw eht information detneserp dna dedivorp lacinhcet snoitcerroc dna clarifying information, hcihw have neeb detaroprocni in eht troper sa etairporppa ehT tnemtrapeD of erutlucirgA deton taht its dooF dna noitirtuS Servict sah detcartnoc htiw a hcraeser firm ot tcudnoc a evisneherpmoc evalua- noit of eht dooF noitubirtsiD margorP no naidnI .snoitavreseR It antici- setap taht eht evaluation will eb detelpmoc yb eht summer of 0991 dna taht eht s’noitaulave findings will eb desu ot ekam eht margorp erom evisnopser ot eht lanoitirtun sdeen of eht emocni-wol sdlohesuoh no naidnI snoitavreser dna ot improve eht efficiency dna effectiveness of margorp .snoitarepo stnemmoC received from eht owt stnemtraped era dedivorp in sexidneppa XI dna .X We deniatbo information yb gniweiver doof ecnatsissa activities ta eht four snoitavreser dna gniweivretni ,laredef ,etats .ytnuoc tribal. dna community service officials elbisnopser for gniretsinimda eht doof -orp .smarg ehT information in this troper no eht four snoitavreser dluohs ton ylirassecen eb deredisnoc sa evitatneserper of all naidnI .sebirt egaP 6 771-9MLECR/OAG noitirtuN on Four naidtrL lroitamesrR sliateD of ruo epocs dna ,ygolodohtem gnidulcni snoitseuq tuoba eht reli- ability of niatrec deilppus-ycnega ,atad era deniatnoc in xidneppa I. xidneppA II sniatnoc information no eht doof ecnatsissa smargorp no eht four ;snoitavreser xidneppa III covers eht lanoitirtun ycauqeda of stifeneb dedivorp yb eht yramirp doof ecnatsissa ;smargorp xidneppa I\- sniatnoc snoitavresbo tuoba eht lanoitirtun sdeen no eht four -a.treser ;snoit xidneppa V lists eht tribal dna ycnega sites ew visited; xidneppa VI provides na example of a doof pmats tifeneb ;noitaluclac xidneppa VII lists eht available RIPD+F doof commodities; dna xidneppa VIII -orp vides profiles of eht four .snoitavreser sA degnarra htiw ruoy office, sselnu uoy ylcilbup ecnuonna its stnetnoc ,reilrae ew nalp on rehtruf noitubirtsid of this troper until 01 syad from eht etad of this letter. At taht time, ew will dnes seipoc ot eht yraterceS of ;erutlucirgA eht yraterceS of htlaeH dna namuH Services; eht -erceS yrat of eht ;roiretnI eht ,rotceriD Office of tnemeganaM dna ;tegduB tri- lab officials; dna rehto detseretni .seitrap If uoy have yna snoitseuq no eht material in this ,troper esaelp call me no )202( .8315-572 rojaM srotubirtnoc era listed in xidneppa .IX nhoJ W. namraH -/ ,rotceriD dooF dna erutlucirgA seussI eg8P 7 771L(BDEcR/OAG noitirtuN no ruoF naidnI snoitavreseR 110632B tsiL of Requesters ehT elbaronoH nitneuQ .kcidruB namriahC Committee no Environment dna cilbuP Works detinU setatS etaneS ehT elbaronoH leinaD ,eyuonI namriahC tceleS Committee no naidnI Affairs detinU setatS etaneS ehT elbaronoH kcirtaP ,yhaeL namriahC Committee no ,erutlucirgA noitirtuN dna yrtseroF detinU setatS etaneS ehT elbaronoH Jeff namagniB ehT elbaronoH tneK darnoC ehT elbaronoH Tom elhcsaD ehT elbaronoH sinneD inicnoCeD ehT elbaronoH leinaD Evans ehT elbaronoH Tom nikraH ehT elbaronoH nhoJ niaCcM detinU setatS etaneS egaP 8 77lW-DECR/OAG noitirtuN no ruoF naidnI snoitavreseR
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