Rapid food analysis and hygiene monitoring : kits, instruments, and systems

934 Pages·1999·81.928 MB·English

by  Pierre-Jean Raugel

Rapid Food Analysis and Hygiene Monitoring
Springer
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P.-J. Raugel
Rapid Food Analysis
and Hygiene Monitoring
Kits, Instruments and Systems
Springer
Pierre-Jean Raugel
25 rue Pierre & Marie Curie
F-94200 Ivry sur Seine
France
ISBN 3-540-63253-0 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York
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This book contains information obtained from authentic sources. Reasonable efforts have been
made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume
responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. The list prices
of kits and instruments and the addresses of companies may have changed in the meantime.
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the
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© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does
not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the
relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
Product liability: The publisher cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage
and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such
information by consulting the relevant literature.
Typesetting: Camera ready by Springer
Cover design: KUnkel + Lopka, Mannheim
SPIN: 10525882 52/3020 -5 432 1 0 -Printed on acid -free paper
DEDICATION
This book is dedicated to Charles Grima, for introducing and convincing its pub
lisher of the purpose and efficacy of this project.
FOREWORD
PROF. DR. ELKE ANKlAM
Food control is essential for consumer protection. Due to the fact that agricul
ture and food technology have increased rapidly in the past the analytical prob
lems concerning food have become more complex. The consumer expects com
petitively priced food of consistently high quality. The main consumer concerns
are food safety and food quality including authenticity proof. Many national or
international official, validated, reference or routine methods are existing. Food
control has to be performed rapidly especially in the fields of microbiological
contamination and customs control.
This handbook describes many kits, instruments and systems used for quality
control of food. The tools listed are not only restricted to validated analytical
methods but are also foreseen for routine and screening methods. In addition,
an address list of manufacturers, distributors and sales agencies is given to
gether with a list and information concerning selected expert laboratories. In
this edition, emphasis is put on validation procedures of three organizations
(AOAC, AFNOR and Microval).
The purpose of this book is to facilitate the purchase and use of kits needed
for food analysis and is therefore an important help for food analysts.
Prof. Dr. Elke Anklam
Commission of the European Union
Joint Research Centre
Environmental Institute
TP 740 - 1-21020 Ispra (VA) - Italy
FOREWORD
REMY GRAPPIN
After writing in 1993 a book in French on a similar subject, it was a real challenge
for the author to try to make a European edition. In the evolving context of in
ternational trade of food and of increasing demand for consumer protection, it
seems unnecessary to emphasize the growing importance of analytical methods
for the control of food products. Nowadays, all the actors of the food chain:
producers, food industry, food inspection services, and, at the international
level, Codex, are expecting more and more from the methods of analysis.
Although documentation on reference methods (type I or II according to Co
dex) is relatively easy for laboratories to obtain, because these methods are in a
limited number and are well standardized, it is rather difficult to get appropriate
information on the alternative or proprietary methods which are on the market,
except for those which have been approved by standardization bodies, such as
AOAC, AFNOR or IDF.
The entry by manufacturers chosen by Pierre-Jean Raugel to present all these
methods is clear and straightforward. For each company, one can find the list of
their products, with a brief description of the principle, protocol, performances,
and reports on the evaluation of the methods. All this information should allow
the reader to make a first choice between available techniques.
The author can be congratulated for having taken up the challenge. The result
is an impressive book which will certainly be of great help for the agro-food
industry and also for research, education and technical institutions.
Because the technology of methods of analysis is progressing rapidly and also
because the nature of the demand is changing. I hope that a regular updating of
the information contained in this book will be possible.
Remy Grappin
Director
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Station de Recherche en Technologie et Analyses Laitieres (SRT AL)
BP 89 - F-39801 Poligny Cedex - France
TABLE OF CONTENTS
RECiISTRED MARKS, TRADE MARKS AND SERVICE MARK. .......... ................... .............. .... XIX
INTRODurnON ................................................................................................... XXI
FOOD ANALYSIS AND HYCiIENE MONITORINCi KITS, INSTRUMENTS ANDSY5TEMS ................. XXIII
TRANSPLANTATION OF ALTERNATIVE METHODS INTO THE ACiRO-FOOD INDUSTRW CONTEXT. XXIV
THE PROOOas AND THEIR COMMEROALIZATION IN EUROPE .......................................... XXV
PRODUas NOT DESCRIBED IN THIS BOOK (NDITB) ...... .............. ............... .................. XXVI
FIRST PART:
VALIDATION OF METHODS, KITS AND INSTRUMENTS BY
AOAC, AFNOR AND MICROYAL .............................................................................. 1
AOAC .................................................................................................................... 3
AOAC INTERNATIONAL, AOAC Research Institute, AOAC Europe...... 3
The AOAC International Official Methods Program.................................. 3
The AOAC Peer-Verified Methods Program............................................... 5
AOAC Research Institute Test Kit Performance Testing Program ........... 6
Some AOAC International Publications ................................................ ,..... 10
AFNOR.................................................................................................................. 11
AFNOR, the French Standard Association .................................................. 11
Introduction ................................................................................................... 11
Protocols for Comparison of an Alternative Method
with a Reference Method............................................................................... 12
Conditions of Experimentation .................................................................... 14
THE EUROPEAN MICROVAL PROJECT ............................................................................... 16
A Eureka Project............................................................................................. 16
Microval in June 1996 (Third Annual Meeting, Brussels) .......................... 16
SECOND PART:
DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS MANUFAOURED BY 42 GROUPS AND/OR COMPANIES.... 19
ABER INSTRUMENTS ................................................................................................... 21
Microcyte Portable Flow Cytometer............................................................. 21
On-line Determination of Viable Cell Concentrations............................... 24
Commercialization of Aber Instruments Products in Europe................... 24
X TilbleofContents
INSTRUMEKI'S............................................................................................ 25
ADVANCED
The Dairy and Food Division of Advanced Instruments ........................... 25
3 Fluorophos Tests Running on the Same Fluorometer............................. 25
Microprocessor Controlled Detection of Water in Milk............................ 29
Distribution of Advanced Instruments Products in Europe ..................... 30
AES lABORATOIRE .... ............... ........................... .•............ ..................•...... .•. .•........•. 31
Some Microprocessor-Controlled Instruments Manufactured by
AES Laboratoire ............................................................................................. 31
Commercialization of Products of AES Laboratoire in Europe ................ 35
AROMASCAN .........................................................................•.............••..•..•...........•. 36
Range of Systems for Aroma Sensing and Measurement
Manufactured by Aromascan ....................................................................... 36
Commercialization of the Aromascan Products in Europe ....................... 38
BIOCONTROL ......... ........ ........ .................................... ......... .............................. ........ 39
Microbiology Testing Systems Manufactured by Biocontrol Systems ..... 39
Salmonella 1-2 Test Immunodiffusion Screening Method........................ 39
Assurance Enzyme Immunoassays for Detecting Bacteria........................ 44
Visual Immunoprecipitate (VIP) Assays..................................................... 46
Sample Preparations for Assurance and VIP Assays.................................. 48
Chromogenic Determination of Coliforms and E. Coli.............................. 49
Distributors of Biocontrol Products in Europe........................................... 52
BloIII~RIEUX .......... .............................. ........................................ ............................ 53
The Bactometer System of Impedance Technology ................................... 53
The Vidas System of Automated Immunoanalysis..................................... 60
The Vitek Automated Identification System............................................... 79
Mini-API System and Identification Strips ................................................. 82
Connections of the Bactometer, Vitek and Vidas Systems ........................ 85
Commercialization ofbioMerieux Products in Europe ............................. 85
BOEHRINGERMANNHEIM .........................................................................•..••.........•...• 86
Manufacturing Activity of Boehringer Mannheim Biochemica................ 86
Perid-Test Teststrips for Detection ofH 0 87
2 2 ................................................
Test Combinations......................................................................................... 88
The 35 Test Combinations Kits ..................................................................... 92
AOAC International Validations.................................................................. 148
Commercialization of Boehringer Mannheim Products in Europe .......... 149
(EL5IS*LuMAC......................................................................................................... 150
The Celsis*Lumac Group .............................................................................. 150
Instruments, Kits and Systems Manufactured byCelsis*Lumac.............. 150
Principles of ATP-Bioluminescence Assays ................................................ 152
ATP-Based Portable Contamination Monitoring Systems ........................ 153
Celsis Luminometers ..................................................................................... 155
Table of Contents XI
Celsis ATP Bioluminescence Based Reagent Systems Kits......................... 155
Lumac Range ofLuminometers.................................................................... 163
The 2-Place Lumac Filtration System........................................................... 164
Lumac ATP Bioluminescence Based Reagent Systems Kits....................... 164
Expertises of Lumac ATP Bioluminescence Based Systems ...................... 171
Celsis Digital System ...................................................................................... 175
Screening Raw Milk for Presence of Antibiotic Residues .......................... 176
Detection of Salmonella Using Immunochromatography......................... 177
Commercialization of Celsis* Lumac Products in Europe ......................... 179
(HROMAGAR ............................................................................................................ 181
Range of Manufactured Products................................................................. 181
Determination of Escherichia Coli and Other Coliforms ........................... 182
Detection and Enumeration of Staphylococcus Aureus .............................. 184
Commercialization of Chromagar Products in Europe.............................. 185
(ORTECS DIAGN05nCS .... .................................................................. ....... ... ............... 186
Range of Products Manufactured by Cortecs Diagnostics......................... 186
Quantitation and/or Detection of My co toxins........................................... . 187
Quantitation and/or Detection of Protein Additives.................................. 193
Qualitative Meat Species Testing.................................................................. 202
Commercialization of Cortecs Diagnostics Products in Europe ............... 212
DIFFOIAMB.............................................................................................................. 213
The Diffchamb Group.................................................................................... 213
Products Manufactured and/or Developed by the
Diffchamb Companies ................................................................................... 213
Control of the Thermic Treatments ............................................................. 215
Immunoenzymatic Detection of Micro-Organisms Using Plates.............. 217
Immunochromatographic Detection of Micro-Organisms Using Card... 223
Immunoenzymatic Detection of the Staphylococcal Enterotoxins........... 226
Immunoenzymatic Determination of Aflatoxin B 231
t•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
Immunoenzymatic Determination of Gluten.............................................. 234
Immunoenzymatic Detection of Histamine in Fish ................................... 238
Immunoenzymatic Dosage and/or Detection ofTriazines........................ 242
Automated system for Elisa Tests Management......................................... 246
Commercialization of Diffchamb Products in Europe ............................... 247
DON WHmEYSOENTlFIC ............................................................................................ 248
Automated Impedance Microbiology .......................................................... 248
Automatic Plater for Enumeration of Micro-Organisms........................... 255
Commercialization of Products of Don Whitley Scientific in Europe ...... 257
DYNAL ...•...•.....••••••..•.•••.•••••••••••••.••••••..••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••..••••••..... 258
The Company ................................................................................................. 258
Products Manufactured for Biomagnetic Separation................................. 258
Principles of the Dynabeads for Microbiology............................................ 258