Rapid Characterization of Microorganisms by Mass Spectrometry

235 Pages·2011·12.101 MB·English

by  Catherine Fenselau and Plamen Demirev (Eds.)

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In Rapid Characterization of Microorganisms by Mass Spectrometry; Fenselau, C., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2011.
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In Rapid Characterization of Microorganisms by Mass Spectrometry; Fenselau, C., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2011.
1065
ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
Rapid Characterization of
Microorganisms by Mass
Spectrometry
g
or
bs.acs.w001 Catherine Fenselau, Editor
pu5.f University of Maryland
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AmericanChemicalSociety,Washington,DC
DistributedinprintbyOxfordUniversityPress,Inc.
In Rapid Characterization of Microorganisms by Mass Spectrometry; Fenselau, C., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2011.
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g Rapidcharacterizationofmicroorganismsbymassspectrometry/CatherineFenselau,
or
pubs.acs.5.fw001 ed"Sitpopor.,ncsPmolra.em-d-ebn(yADtCheSemAsiryCemvS,peDodsiiivtuoimsri.osneroiefsA;n1a0ly6t5ic)alChemistry."
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In Rapid Characterization of Microorganisms by Mass Spectrometry; Fenselau, C., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2011.
Foreword
The ACS Symposium Series was first published in 1974 to provide a
mechanism for publishing symposia quickly in book form. The purpose of
the series is to publish timely, comprehensive books developed from the ACS
g sponsoredsymposiabasedoncurrentscientificresearch. Occasionally,booksare
or developed from symposia sponsored by other organizations when the topic is of
bs.acs.w001 keeninteresttothechemistryaudience.
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5, 2011 | 1/bk-201 cpoampeprsremheanysibveeenxecsslu.deWdhtoenbeatpteprrofopcriuastet,heovbeorovki;ewothoerrsinmtraoydbuectaodrydecdhtaoptperrosviadree
22 added. Draftsofchaptersarepeer-reviewedpriortofinalacceptanceorrejection,
mber 10.10 andmanuscriptsarepreparedincamera-readyformat.
pteoi:
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on S11 | included in the volumes. Verbatim reproductions of previous published papers
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In Rapid Characterization of Microorganisms by Mass Spectrometry; Fenselau, C., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2011.
Chapter 1
Rapid Characterization of Microorganisms by
Mass Spectrometry: An Overview
CatherineFenselau1andPlamenDemirev*,2
g
or
acs.01 1DepartmentofChemistryandBiochemistry,UniversityofMaryland,
pubs.5.ch0 CollegePark, MD
http://1-106 2AppliedPhysicsLabor*paltaomrye,[email protected],Laurel,MD20723
011 | k-201
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ber 25, 0.1021/ Mass spectrometry approaches for rapid characterization of
m1
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HIGAune 6, individualchaptersofthisbook.
CJ
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NIDat organized by the Division of Analytical Chemistry during the ACS National
y Uon Meeting in Washington DC in August, 2009, as well as several other active
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chemotaxonomy/biosystematics. Thediverselistofcontributors-fromacademia,
governmentaswellasindustry–presentmulti-facetedandbroadperspectiveson
thesubjecttobepresented.
Through the last thirty-five years MS has continuously provided profiles of
chemicalensemblesthatarecharacteristicofdifferentspeciesofmicroorganisms.
Such analyses have benefited from the strengths of mass spectrometry—speed,
sensitivity, specificity and automation—and have also been influenced by
its limitations, including costly MS instrumentation. The progress in mass
spectrometry ionization methods and mass analyzers has been reflected in the
particular approaches and protocols for microorganism analysis developed
during this time. Although phospholipids and low mass metabolites were
initially recognized as species specific biomarkers (1, 2), matrix-assisted
©2011AmericanChemicalSociety
In Rapid Characterization of Microorganisms by Mass Spectrometry; Fenselau, C., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2011.
laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), electrospray and other advances in
mass spectrometry have made it possible to profile and identify proteins and
oligonucleotides(3)frombacteria. Twocomplementarystrategieshaveevolved
forassigningtheidentitiesofbacteriabasedonproteinprofilesdetectedinmass
spectra. Inoneapproach,carefulculturingandcontrolledMALDImeasurements
allow the fingerprint comparison of a sample spectrum to a library of target
referencespectra, andhasbeenevaluatedrecentlyforuseinclinicaldiagnostics
(4). Theother,aproteomicstrategy,doesnotrequirealibraryofreferencespectra,
butusesbioinformatics(5, 6). Detectedproteinsareidentifiedbyrelatingsuites
ofmassesandpartialsequencestoalibraryofgenomicsequences. Partialprotein
sequences can be obtained experimentally using standard bottom up proteomic
techniques to identify peptides generated in bacterial lysates (7, 8) or from
g
or top down MS/MS analysis of intact proteins (9, 10). Recognizing biomarkers
acs.01 based on sequence tags allows reliable analysis of bacteria in mixtures (11) and
pubs.5.ch0 characterizationofbacteriathathavebeengeneticallyengineered(12). Advances
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2011 | bk-201 bacteSreiave(r1a4l,c1o5m).prehensivereviewsofthefield(e.g.,(3,16,17))andtwobooks
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F We • Continuedsequencingofmicroorganismgenomesshouldbeencouraged,
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NIDat • Readily achievable extensions should be explored, including the
y Uon detection/analysisofdrugresistanceinbacteria.
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field-deployable systems that provide “end-to-end” capability, that is,
systemsthatcollectandpreparethesample,inadditiontointroducingit
intothemassspectrometerandreportingoutanalysisofthedata. Such
systemsaremorelikelytobeadaptedinhospitalsandemergencyunits.
These and other developments will undoubtedly enhance the successful
introductionofmassspectrometryinclinicalmicrobiologyandinfectiousdisease
diagnostics.
Insummary,wearepleasedtobringtogetherthissetofcurrentreportsfrom
leadingcontributorstothefield,whichwehopewillstimulatefurtheradvancesin
boththetechnologyanditsapplications.
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ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2011.
References
1. Anhalt,J.P.;Fenselau,C.Identificationofbacteriausingmass-spectrometry.
Anal. Chem. 1975,47,219–225.
2. Mass Spectrometry for the Characterization of Microorganisms; Fenselau,
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3. Demirev,P.A.;Fenselau,C.Massspectrometryforrapidcharacterizationof
microorganisms. Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem. 2008,1,71–93.
4. Cherkaoui,A.;Hibbs,J.;Emonet,S.;Tangomo,M.;Girard,M.;Francois,P.;
Schrenzel, J. Comparison of two matrix-assisted laser desorption
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acs.01 level. J.Clin. Microbiol. 2010,48,1169–1175.
pubs.5.ch0 5. Demirev, P. A.; Ho, Y. P.; Ryzhov, V.; Fenselau, C. Microorganism
http://1-106 iCdheenmtifi.c1a9ti9o9n,7b1y,m27a3s2s–s2p7e3c8tr.ometry and protein database searches. Anal.
2011 | bk-201 6. mDeamssiresvp,ecPt.roAm.;etrLyin,foJr.; mPiincerodoar,gFa.niJs.m; Fiednesnetliafiuc,aCtio.nB:ioinPfroortmeoamtices-waindde
ber 25, 0.1021/ cphoasrt-atcrtaenrsizlaattiioonnaolfimntoadcitfiHca.ptiyolnosri.aAnndal.dCahtaebma.se200s1ea,r7c3h,45al6g6o–r4it5h7m3s. for
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pteoi: 7. Warscheid, B.; Jackson, K.; Sutton, C.; Fenselau, C. MALDI analysis of
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HIGAune 6, 8. SGuanmdaagraem, C, .AM..K; S.;erGinuod,laRv.aMlle.t;i,DSo.roKsh.;enOkok,teVm.,MB..A; tmRaozsupmheorvicskparyeas,suJr.e;
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F We systemforrapiddetectionandidentificationofbioagents. Proceedings56th
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NIDat June1−5, 2008.
y Uon 9. Demirev,P.A.;Feldman,A.B.;Kowalski,P.;Lin,J.S.Top-downproteomics
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Harden, L. A. Web-based software for rapid top-down proteomic
identification of protein biomarkers, with implications for bacterial
identification. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2009,75,4341–4353.
11. Warscheid, B.; Fenselau, C. A targeted proteomics approach to the rapid
identification of bacterial cell mixtures by MALDI mass spectrometry.
Proteomics2004,4,2877–2892.
12. Russell,S.;Edwards,N.;Fenselau,C.DetectionofplasmidinsertioninE.coli
byMALDI-TOFmassspectrometry. Anal. Chem. 2007,79,5399–5409.
13. Wynne, C.; Fenselau, C.; Demirev, P. A.; Edwards, N. J. Top-down
identificationofproteinbiomarkersinbacteriawithunsequencedgenomes.
Anal. Chem. 2009,81,9633–9642.
14. Teramoto, K.; Sato, H.; Sun, L.; Torimura, M.; Tao, H.; Yoshikawa, H.;
Hotta, Y.; Hosoda, A.; Tamura, H. Phylogenetic classification of
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ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2011.
Pseudomonas putida strains by MALDI-MS using ribosomal subunit
proteinsasbiomarkers. Anal. Chem. 2007,79,8712–8719.
15. Wynne, C.; Edwards, N.; Fenselau, C. Phyloproteomic classification of
unsequenced organisms by top-down identification of bacterial proteins
usingcapLC-MS/MSonanOrbitrap. Proteomics2010,10,inpress.
16. Demirev, P.; Fenselau, C. Mass spectrometry in biodefense. J. Mass
Spectrom. 2008,43,1441–1457.
17. Ho, Y. P.; Reddy, P. M. Identification of pathogens by mass spectrometry.
Clin. Chem. 2010,56,525–536.
18. IdentificationofMicroorganismsbyMassSpectrometry;WilkinsC.L.,Lay,
J.O.,Eds.;Wiley-Interscience: NewYork,2005.
19. Mass Spectrometry for Microbial Proteomic; Shah, H. N., Gharbia, S. E.,
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or Eds.;Wiley-Interscience: NewYork,2010.
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Chapter 2
Rapid Sample Preparation for Microorganism
Analysis by Mass Spectrometry
Franco Basile*
g
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acs.02 UniversityofWyoming,DepartmentofChemistry,Laramie,WY82071
pubs.5.ch0 *[email protected]
http://1-106
2011 | bk-201 The time required for rapid microorganism analysis by Mass
ber 25, 0.1021/ Sdepveocttreodmteotrype(rMfoSrm) shthoeuldmteaakseurienmtoeanct,cobuuntt nalostoonthlyetthiemteimtoe
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F We step depends on the microorganism(s) being studied, the type
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NIDat or desorbed into the gas phase, ionization mode, how ions
y Uon are sampled or introduced into the MS vacuum system,
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rapidanalysisofmicroorganismswithdifferentMStechniques.
Introduction
Investigatorsinthe1970’sand80’susingmassspectrometrywerelimitedby
the choices of available sample introduction and ionization modes, which at the
timeweremostlybasedonthermaldesorption(i.e.,samplevaporization),Electron
Ionization(EI)andFastAtomBombardment(FAB).Samplevaporizationeither
employed the hot inlet of a gas chromatograph (GC), a direct insertion probe
(DIP) or a Pyrolysis (Py) probe. This fact limited MS analysis to relatively low
molarmassandthermallystablemolecules. Fortheanalysisofmicroorganisms,
©2011AmericanChemicalSociety
In Rapid Characterization of Microorganisms by Mass Spectrometry; Fenselau, C., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2011.