Raised under Stalin: Young Communists and the Defense of Socialism PDF
Preview Raised under Stalin: Young Communists and the Defense of Socialism
This content downloaded from 130.111.46.54 on Thu, 14 Dec 2017 18:44:42 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms RAISED UNDER STALIN This content downloaded from 130.111.46.54 on Thu, 14 Dec 2017 18:44:42 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms This content downloaded from 130.111.46.54 on Thu, 14 Dec 2017 18:44:42 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms RAISED UNDER STALIN Young Communists and the Defense of Socialism Seth Bernstein CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS ITHACA AND LONDON This content downloaded from 130.111.46.54 on Thu, 14 Dec 2017 18:44:42 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Copyright © 2017 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. First published 2017 by Cornell University Press Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Bernstein, Seth, author. Title: Raised under Stalin : young communists and the defense of socialism / Seth Bernstein. Description: Ithaca : Cornell University Press, 2017. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017004652 (print) | LCCN 2017005181 (ebook) | ISBN 9781501709883 (cloth : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781501712029 (epub/mobi) | ISBN 9781501709388 (pdf) Subjects: LCSH: Socialism and youth—Soviet Union—History. | Vsesoiuzny˘ı leninski˘ı kommunisticheski˘ı soiuz molodezhi—History. | Youth— Soviet Union—History. | Soviet Union—History—1925–1953. Classification: LCC HQ799.R9 B385 2017 (print) | LCC HQ799.R9 (ebook) | DDC 305.2350947084—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017004652 Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. Such materials include vegetable-based, low-VOC inks and acid-free papers that are recycled, totally chlorine-free, or partly composed of nonwood fibers. For further information, visit our website at www.cornellpress.cornell.edu. March of Young Pioneers in gas masks, 1935. Photograph by Viktor Bulla. Tsentral′nyi Gosudarstvennyi Arkhiv Kinofotofonodokumentov Sankt-Peterburga (TsGAKFFD SPb). This content downloaded from 130.111.46.54 on Thu, 14 Dec 2017 18:44:42 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Contents List of Figures vii Acknowledgments ix Note on Conventions xi Introduction: The First Socialist Generation 1 1. Youth in the Stalin Revolution 11 2. Cultural Revolution from Above 40 3. Class Dismissed? 69 4. The Great Terror as a Moral Panic 95 5. The Rehabilitation of Young Communists 121 6. A Mass Youth Organization 142 7. Paramilitary Training on the Eve of War 165 8. Youth at War 188 Conclusion: The Aftermath of War 223 Appendix of Tables 229 Bibliography 237 Index 251 This content downloaded from 130.111.46.54 on Thu, 14 Dec 2017 18:45:47 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms This content downloaded from 130.111.46.54 on Thu, 14 Dec 2017 18:45:47 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Figures 1.1 Young Communists in 1920 15 1.2 “Complete komsomolization,” 1930 34 2.1 Aleksandr Kosarev in 1925 44 2.2 Children at an equipped Osoaviakhim corner, 1934 53 2.3 Pioneers in formation, 1936 54 2.4 Kosarev in uniform at the Tenth Komsomol Congress, 1936 58 3.1 Kosarev, Joseph Stalin, and Andrei Andreev 79 4.1 “Old man in the Komsomol,” 1934 115 5.1 Kosarev in 1936 136 6.1 Admissions to the Komsomol at a department store in Sverdlovsk, 1937 145 6.2 Political education at a factory Komsomol 148 7.1 Military training in Ordzhonikidze territory, 1937 175 7.2 March of Young Pioneers in gas masks, 1935 180 7.3 Militarized march in Gorkii province, 1940 184 vii This content downloaded from 130.111.46.54 on Thu, 14 Dec 2017 18:45:55 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms This content downloaded from 130.111.46.54 on Thu, 14 Dec 2017 18:45:55 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Acknowledgments I have put myself in a great deal of intellectual debt while writing this book. At the risk of forgetting some of my obligations, though, I will keep these acknowledg- ments short. Lynne Viola deserves a special place in this work. Her guidance was fundamental as I wrote and revised this book. My Higher School of Economics colleague Oleg Khlevniuk has my particular appreciation for reading the entire manuscript and providing detailed suggestions that improved it. In addition, the first ranks of recognition must include Doris Bergen, Michael David-Fox, Thomas Lahusen, David Shearer, and Alison Smith. A number of colleagues provided me with invaluable assistance as readers, commentators, and supporters. These include Susan Grant, Anna Hajkova, Aaron Hale-Dorrell, Sam Hirst, Rob Hornsby, Matthew Lenoe, Vojin Majstoro- vic, Tracy McDonald, Brandon Miller, Lilia Topouzova, Jon Waterlow, and Zbigniew Wojnowski. In addition, Oleg Budnitskii and Liudmila Novikova not only provided me with important suggestions on my work but also with a home in Moscow where I could finish this manuscript. W riting this book would have been impossible without the help of archivists in Kiev, Moscow, Petrozavodsk, and Riazan. I will single out the incomparable Galina Mikhailovna Tokareva, who never tired of seeing me after several years in the former Komsomol Archive (now a part of the Russian State Archive of Social-Political History). Elena Pozdniak of the State Archive of Riazan Province first introduced me to archival research as a young postgraduate student and welcomed me back in subsequent years. Maria Panova organized a formative research trip to the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) Archive in Kiev. It has been a pleasure working with Cornell University Press. In particular, Roger Haydon not only curated this publication but also provided insightful comments on the manuscript. This work also benefited significantly from the readings of the two anonymous reviewers. I am grateful for Karen Laun’s excel- lent coordination of this book’s production and Carolyn Pouncy’s thorough editing. T his book has led me far from my friends and family in the United States. My parents, Jim Bernstein and Lynn Franklin, and sister Miranda Bernstein have been supportive no matter where my curiosity has taken me. My Moscow family, Tanya and Teo Glakhov, made the book worth writing. ix This content downloaded from 130.111.46.54 on Thu, 14 Dec 2017 18:46:07 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms
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