Radiology of Birds: An Atlas of Normal Anatomy and Positioning

276 Pages·2010·13.82 MB·English

by  Sam Silverman DVM PhD DACVR

11830 Westline Industrial Drive
St. Louis, Missouri 63146
RADIOLOGY OF BIRDS ISBN-13: 978-0-7216-0635-4
ISBN-10: 0-7216-0635-0
Copyright © 2010 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
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Notice
Neither the Publisher nor the [Authors] assume any responsibility for any loss or injury and/or
damage to persons or property arising out of or related to any use of the material contained in
this book. It is the responsibility of the treating practitioner, relying on independent expertise and
knowledge of the patient, to determine the best treatment and method of application for the
patient.
The Publisher
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Silverman, Sam.
Radiology of birds : an atlas of normal anatomy and positioning / Sam Silverman, Lisa A. Tell ;
radiographic and technical assistance, Jody Nugent-Deal and Kristina Palmer-Holtry ; artistic
illustrations, Kathy West.
p. ; cm.
Includes index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-7216-0635-4 (hardcover : alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-7216-0635-0 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Birds--Anatomy--Atlases. 2. Veterinary
radiography--Atlases. I. Tell, Lisa A. II. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Birds--anatomy & histology. 2. Radiography--veterinary. QL 697 S587r 2010]
SF767.B57S55 2010
636.6’08960757--dc22
2009008520
Vice President and Publisher: Linda Duncan
Senior Acquisitions Editor: Anthony Winkel
Associate Developmental Editor: Lauren Harms
Publishing Services Manager: Julie Eddy
Senior Project Manager: Celeste Clingan
Design Direction: Kim Denando
Printed in China
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
PREFACE
The species included in this text are either popular compan- reader to appreciate subtle changes in the contrast and detail
ion pets or birds that are commonly presented to rehabilita- while still making the text affordable. Therefore, images in
tion facilities. Documentation of radiographic and alternative this text may not fully represent the image quality of the
imaging fi ndings associated with disease conditions of these original radiographs for some avian species. In order to sup-
species continues to expand. There are several other text- plement the printed version of the text, a companion CD
book references documenting normal radiographic imaging containing the images has been included and the images on
anatomy for birds; however, this text was designed to pro- this format medium are a closer approximation of the image
vide additional radiographic information regarding normal quality of the original studies.
anatomy and provide examples of contrast radiographic The purpose of this atlas is to provide veterinarians with
studies and advanced imaging procedures. normal radiographic images, contrast studies, and alternative
Given the limitations in printing, reproducing radio- imaging studies. We hope this atlas increases the utilization
graphic images of animal subjects such as birds is a chal- and accuracy of diagnostic imaging of these avian species and
lenge. It is diffi cult to obtain print quality that will allow the enhances their medical care.
ix
DEDICATION
This book is dedicated to the veterinarians, technicians, and The journey that I embarked upon in the creation of Vol-
students who have helped to advance the medical care of umes 1 and 2 of these radiology texts was initiated by
our feathered companions. Dr. Sam Silverman. For giving me this opportunity and for
his ability to remind me of the amazing gifts of life and
Sam Silverman and Lisa Tell health, I will always be grateful. Kathy West was an incredi-
ble person to work with and I especially appreciated her bal-
This text and its companion volume, Radiology of Rodents, anced approach to life. In the process of creating this book,
Rabbits, and Ferrets, are the product of 7 years of effort by I have gained lifelong friends in both Sam and Kathy.
the authors. I could not ask for a harder working, more con- My career in veterinary medicine has been deeply enriched
scientious, and organized co-author than Dr. Lisa Tell. by several of my mentors for whom I will forever be apprecia-
The support and encouragement of my mentors must be tive for all they have done for me. My interest in birds was
recognized. Dr. James Ticer, the fi rst radiologist to enter full- sparked by my high school biology teacher, Mr. Larry Thorngren,
time private radiology practice, encouraged me to pursue ra- who taught me to look in the sky and enjoy the feathered ani-
diology as a specialty and provided me the opportunity to mals with which we share our world. Drs. Mitchell Bush and
author a chapter in his textbook, Radiographic Technique in Scott Citino are amazing veterinarians; their dedication to teach-
Small Animal Practice. To the best of my knowledge, this is ing and passion for veterinary medicine were the basis for my
the fi rst inclusion of an avian radiology chapter in a veteri- training in the true “art” of zoological veterinary medicine. Lastly,
nary radiology textbook. My career has been shaped by I would like to thank Dr. Bill Lasley for providing endless
many, but Drs. Joe P. Morgan, Peter F. Suter, and Timothy R. encouragement and support and for mentoring me through my
O’Brien provided the best veterinary radiology training academic career.
imaginable, encouraged me to apply my skills to the imaging I would also like to dedicate this book to my parents,
of avian patients, and stressed the importance the discipline William and Bette Tell, and sister, Lee Ann Hughes, for all
and the scientifi c method. The knowledge and techniques I of their love, support, and inspiration. Their encouragement
have gained through the years are a product of their dedica- has allowed me to follow my passion for veterinary medi-
tion to teaching. cine. My life would not be complete without my husband,
There were many long days, weekends, and evenings in- Don Preisler, and children, Nicholas and Alexander Preisler,
volved in the production of these texts and they were never and mother-in-law, Dawn Preisler, as they are a constant
questioned by my family. I acknowledge the sacrifi ces made source of love and happiness.
by my wife, Debrah Tom, and children, Naomi, Emily, and
Darrell. Lisa Tell
Sam Silverman
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The untiring and talented efforts of many individuals made The concept of this atlas evolved because of the vision of
this atlas a reality. Hundreds of radiographic images were Ray Kersey, former Executive Editor of Veterinary Medicine
produced by Jody Nugent-Deal and Kristina Palmer-Holtry. for Elsevier. His dedication to disseminating veterinary medi-
Candi Stafford and Michelle Santoro provided technical ad- cal knowledge cannot be understated.
vice and assistance to optimize image quality and develop ra- Dr. Anthony Winkel, Linda McKinley, Maureen Slaten,
diographic protocols. Bob Smith was our technical liaison and Lauren Harms of Elsevier provided invaluable assistance
with the 3M Corporation. Jason Peters and Richard Larson during the development of this textbook and at the fi nal
developed the protocols for the computed tomography and production phase of this atlas. Their dedication, hard work,
magnetic resonance examinations. Dr. Allison Zwingenberger and guidance regarding technical and esthetic matters were
was exceptionally helpful evaluating the computed tomogra- crucial and greatly appreciated.
phy and magnetic resonance studies. John Doval provided Production of this atlas entailed four years of work and
technical advice on the reproduction of images. Jacki Pessenti we would be remiss not to acknowledge the goodwill, sup-
and Brett Stedman were responsible for the care of some of port, and understanding of our friends and families. Our
the birds used for imaging. Debrah Tom paid exceptional at- spouses, Don Preisler and Debrah Tom, constantly provided
tention to detail required in developing the keys for the text. support and encouraged us to continue even though there
Kathy West’s artistic, organizational, and scientifi c skills are were many hours devoted to the creation of the atlas rather
responsible for the high quality of the text’s medical illustra- than family affairs. Alexander and Nicki Preisler were good
tions. The fortitude, resourcefulness, and attention to detail of sports and were willing to lend their “Mom” to the spending
the aforementioned individuals resulted in production of time with the “Bird Book.” Kathy West’s husband, Ed West,
quality images that serve as the basis of this text. was always willing to open his home to endless weekends
The animals imaged were integral to this text’s creation. and cooked delicious meals when we worked late into the
They were housed and maintained in compliance with the night.
Animal Welfare Act and the Guidelines for the Care and Use In closing, we would like to extend our appreciation to all
of Laboratory Animals. All radiographic and alternative im- of these individuals for their encouragement, efforts, and sac-
aging procedures were performed according to an approved rifi ces. We are indebted to them for their persistence and
animal care and use committee protocol. We are indebted to dedication.
the individuals who cared for these animals and provided
permanent homes for them when imaging was completed. Sam Silverman and Lisa Tell
vii