Radiology for Medical Finals A Case-based Guide

585 Pages·2017·28.33 MB·English

by  Edward Sellon

Radiology for
Medical Finals
A case-based guide
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Radiology for
Medical Finals
A case-based guide
Lt Col Edward Sellon
BSc (Hons), MBBS, MRCS, FRCR, PgD (SEM), Dip (ESSR), RAMC
Consultant Musculoskeletal Radiologist
Oxford University Hospitals
Oxford
and
Consultant Military Radiologist
Centre for Defence Radiology
Birmingham, UK
Professor David C Howlett
MBBS, PhD, FAcadMEd, FRCP (London), FRCP (Edinburgh), FRCR
Consultant Radiologist
Eastbourne Hospital
East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust
Eastbourne
and
Honorary Clinical Professor
Brighton and Sussex Medical School
Brighton, UK
Preparation of the illustrations by:
Mr Nick Taylor
MIMI, RMIP, MRCR(Hon)
Honorary Teaching Fellow, Brighton and Sussex Medical School
and Medical Photographer
East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust
Eastbourne, UK
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CRC Press
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For Louise and Lottie,
for their constant love, support and belief (ES)
To my dear wife Lara and all the children, Thomas, Ella, Robert and Miles,
also to my parents, Ken and Margaret, and remembering fondly
Joanna and Christopher (DCH)
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Contents
Foreword by Professor Malcolm Reed ix
Foreword by Dr Giles Maskell xi
Preface xiii
Contributors and acknowledgements xv
Abbreviations xvii
1 Overview of imaging modalities 1
THOMAS KURKA AND DAVID C HOWLETT
2 Hints and tips for finals Objective Structured Clinical Examination 7
THOMAS KURKA
3 The normal chest X-ray 15
THOMAS KURKA
4 The normal abdominal X-ray 35
SEAN MITCHELL
5 Thoracic cases 51
HANNAH ADAMS, SARAH HANCOX, CRISTINA RUSCANU, AND DAVID C HOWLETT
6 Cardiovascular cases 175
HANNAH ADAMS, SARAH HANCOX, CRISTINA RUSCANU, AND DAVID C HOWLETT
7 Abdomen and pelvis cases 205
FAYE CUTHBERT, AMANDA JEWISON, AND OLWEN WESTERLAND
8 Musculoskeletal cases 319
EDWARD SELLON AND ANDREW SNODDON
9 Neurology cases 407
VINCENT HELYAR AND EDWARD SELLON
10 Paediatric cases 461
UDAY MANDALIA AND LUCY SHIMWELL
Bibliography 555
List of cases 557
Index 559
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Foreword by
Professor Malcolm Reed
From the initial discovery of X-rays and their application to medical imaging by Wilhelm Röntgen,
imaging has been an increasingly vital part of medical practice. The modern doctor needs a strong
understanding of the different modalities and their application in the diagnosis and management
of a wide range of medical conditions. While in many situations images are reported by expert
radiologists, the ability to understand and interpret radiological images is essential and the vast
majority of medical schools will require students to demonstrate fundamental skills in this area.
More importantly, diagnostic and therapeutic imaging opens a window to the internal struc-
ture and function of the human body and links the fundamental sciences of anatomy, physiol-
ogy, and pathology to the patient as a whole presenting with symptoms and signs of disease.
The clues gleaned from a careful history and thorough examination lead us to select the most
appropriate investigations to expedite a diagnosis, allowing us to inform the patient about their
condition and commence appropriate treatment. It is the distinction between normal and abnor-
mal structure and function, which is at the core of radiological diagnosis, that provides an illus-
trative basis for learning and a truly patient-orientated understanding of medical disorders. As
such, the use of radiology in teaching and learning facilitates and enhances the understanding
of medicine and is of enormous benefit in preparing for examinations such as medical school
Finals. This textbook edited by Edward Sellon and David Howlett provides an invaluable learn-
ing resource not just for students preparing for medical school Finals but any doctor preparing
for subsequent professional assessments. In addition to the well-illustrated cases and a use-
ful introduction to OSCE-style exams, the real value in this text is in the clearly structured
cases based on high-quality radiological imaging, which span the whole spectrum of medicine.
The book takes a regional anatomy approach with additional chapters on the normal chest and
abdominal X-rays and paediatric cases.
The contributors and editors are to be commended for producing a high-quality, com-
prehensive compilation of cases with clear and concise questions, answers, and explanatory
notes. I would commend this text book to its target audience of final year medical students but
also to doctors in training in a wide range of clinical disciplines as well as those in established
practice.
Professor Malcolm Reed BMedSci, MBChB, FRCS
Dean, Brighton and Sussex Medical School
Brighton, UK
ix
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