Radio resource allocation algorithms for multicast OFDM systems

204 Pages·2017·6.53 MB·English

DOCTORAL THESIS
Radio resource allocation
algorithms for multicast
OFDM systems
Alejandro de la Fuente Iglesias
Advisors:
Prof. Ana Garc´ıa Armada
Dr. Raquel P´erez Leal
Department of Signal Theory and Communications
November 2017

TESIS DOCTORAL
Radio resource allocation algorithms
for multicast OFDM systems
Autor: Alejandro de la Fuente Iglesias
Directora: Prof.a Ana Garc´ıa Armada
Directora: Dra. Raquel P´erez Leal
Firma del tribunal calificador
Presidente: Dr. Atilio Manuel Da Silva Gameiro
Vocal: Dra. Mar´ıa de Diego Anto´n
Secretario: Dr. V´ıctor Pedro Gil Jim´enez
Calificacio´n:
Legan´es, 6 de Noviembre de 2017

Preface
Imagine there’s no heaven
It’s easy if you try
No hell below us
Above us only sky
Imagine all the people
Living for today...
Imagine there’s no countries
It isn’t hard to do
Nothing to kill or die for
And no religion, too
Imagine all the people
Living life in peace...
You may say I’m a dreamer
But I’m not the only one
I hope someday you’ll join us
And the world will be as one
Imagine no possessions
I wonder if you can
No need for greed or hunger
A brotherhood of man
Imagine all the people
Sharing all the world...
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Preface
You may say I’m a dreamer
But I’m not the only one
I hope someday you’ll join us
And the world will live as one
John Lennon
Six years ago, I imagined a change in my life.
Of course, I started a way towards my own life.
And now here we are in the half-way of a wonderful project.
In the half-way of something, as the poet said:
”haciendo camino al andar”
Why not?
Let’s imagine that the world will live as one
ii
Acknowledgement
No podr´ıa comenzar esta tesis de ninguna otra manera que agradeci´endoles
todo a mis padres, su amor y apoyo incondicional que me ha acompan˜ado
y me acompan˜a en cada paso y cada reto de mi vida.
A Sonia, que apareciste en mi vida hace menos de dos an˜os y te has
convertido en mi apoyo, mi c´omplice, mi motivaci´on, ... en mi amor.
Alospequen˜os, PabloeIsa, HugoyMario, porquenadaresultatangra-
tificante como verles disfrutar, acompan˜arles a crecer y quiz´as, solo quiz´as,
ser una buena referencia a quien seguir.
A todos los que hab´eis compartido estos an˜os de vuelta a la escuela,
estos maravillosos an˜os que me han permitido crecer, reinventarme, cono-
ceros, disfrutaros y aprender, sin duda seguir aprendiendo. Los compan˜eros
que ya est´abais cuando empec´e como Juanjo (¡qu´e gran maestro!), M´aximo,
JavieroCecilia,quehicisteistanf´aciles,agradablesydivertidosmiscomien-
zos. Tambi´en a los que han ido apareciendo y hemos compartido aficiones,
momentos de diversi´on e incluso alguno de estr´es, como A´lex, Borja, Juan
Carlos, Alberto ... Y por supuesto, a muchos que os conoc´ı y disfrut´e fuera
del laboratorio (que tambi´en hay vida m´as all´a). A Fer con sus clases de
tenis y sus maratones, a Gema con su piscina y sus clases de yoga (¡c´omo os
voy a echar de menos!). A Estefa, Ana, H´ector ... porque lo pr´oximo ser´a
paracaidismo en Guatemala, Nueva Zelanda o Bagan?
MisdosdirectorasdetesisAnayRaquelmehandadolaoportunidadde
vivir la experiencia que han significado estos cuatro an˜os de tesis. Gracias
por vuestro apoyo y ayuda en el desarrollo de esta investigaci´on. Y sin
iii
Acknowledgement
duda, pormantenersiempreunaactitudpositivayaguantaresosmomentos
de frustraci´on que (supongo que no soy el u´nico) surgen a lo largo de una
tesis.
Un agradecimiento especial tengo que dedicar a Joaqu´ın, por su enorme
ayuda y sus consejos en el trabajo que hemos realizado juntos. Espero que
pronto se pueda repetir y poder seguir aprendiendo a tu lado.
No solo en la UC3M hay personas a las que compartir y agradecer esta
tesis. Mi colaboraci´on y estancia en la UIB con Guillem y Felip ha sido
verdaderamente especial. Trabajar con vosotros ha sido un placer y un
enorme aprendizaje. Os estoy muy agredecido y espero que muy pronto
continuemos compartiendo nuevas investigaciones.
Furthermore, I have been able to enjoy two great experiences in inter-
national research centers. First, I would like to thank people in Eurecom,
Navid, Florian, Raymond. I spent a fantastic time there with my Greek-
French colleges. After that, I spent three exciting months in London Kings
College. I would like to thank Mischa, Oliver and Maria their hospitality
and the great experience of researching at Kings and enjoying London.
A todos aquellos que est´ais cerca, mi hermana Virgi y Charly, a mis
botones coloraos, a mis ex Ericsson y a todos aquellos que injustamente me
dejo por el olvido que imponen el tiempo y la distancia, y que sin duda
sabr´an que unas can˜as siempre lo acercan todo.
The cover and back cover are designed by freepik.
”As we express our gratitude,
we must never forget that the highest
appreciation is not to utter words,
but to live by them.”
John F. Kennedy
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Abstract
Video services have become highly demanded in mobile networks leading
to an unprecedented tra�c growth. It is expected that tra�c from wire-
less and mobile devices will account for nearly 70 percent of total IP tra�c
by the year 2020, and the video services will account for nearly 75 percent
of mobile data tra�c by 2022. Multicast transmission is one of the key
enablers towards a more spectral and energy e�cient distribution of multi-
media content in current and envisaged mobile networks. It is worth noting
that multicast is a mechanism that e�ciently delivers the same content to
many users, not only focusing on video broadcasting, but also distributing
many other media, such as software updates, weather forecast or breaking
news.
AlthoughmulticastservicesareavailableinLongTermEvolution(LTE)
and LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) networks, new improvements are needed in
some areas to handle the demands expected in the near future. Resource
allocation techniques for multicast services are one of the main challenging
issues, since it is required the development of novel schemes to meet the
demands of their evolution towards the next generation. Most multicast
techniques adopt rather conservative strategies that select a very robust
modulationandcodingscheme(MCS),whosecharacteristicsaredetermined
by the propagation conditions experienced by the worst user in the group
in order to ensure that all users in a multicast group are able to correctly
decode the received data. Obviously, this robustness comes at the prize of
a low spectral e�ciency.
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