radio-frequency pulse compression for linear accelerators

207 Pages·1997·9.6 MB·English

554-59-R-CALS
414-CU
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DEDICATION
To my father, Vincent, for prodding me to finish,
to my mother, Maureen, for not,
and to my wife, Mikayo, for giving me a reason.
. . .
111
TABLE OF CONTENTS
. . .
Dedication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..I~I
1 Table of Contents .......................................................... iv
Acknowledgements ...................................................... ..vi i
Vita ....................................................................... ..i x
........................................... .x
Publications and Presentations
............................................. .xii
Abstract of the Dissertation
..l
1. Introduction ............................................................
2. SLED ...................................................................... .
SLED Theory ............................................................ .7
SLED in Use ............................................................ 12
3. Binary Pulse Compression ............................................ .17
. - BPC Theory ........................................................... ..18
Single-Source Operation ................................................. 23
System Development ................................................... ..2 5
The SLAC 3-Stage BPC ................................................. 29
4. SLED-II ................................................................ .41
SLED-II Theory ........................................................ .43
GainandEfficiency .................................................... ..4 8
Multiple Staging .......................................... ..~............4 9
Comparison With SLED ................................................ .52
s -
Tuning .................................................................. 56
iv
........................................ .63
5. The 3-dB Directional Coupler
Function ............................................................... ..6 3
Design Problem ........................................................ ..6 6
Semi-Analytic Approach ............................................... ..7 0
Development ........................................................... ...7 6
.
,Testing and SUPERFISH Correction .................................... .81
6. Circular Waveguide Offsets ............................................ .88
............................................... .89
TEsi-TMr-i Bend Mixing
Generalized Telegraphist’s Equations .................................... .94
Application of the Theory .............................................. 101
7. Other Components .................................................... 011
.................................... 110
The “Flower-Petal” Mode Converter
Delay and Transfer Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Circular 90” Bends ................................................... ..12 0
Vacuum Pumpouts/Mode Filters ....................................... .122
Irises, Tapers, and Shorts ............................................... 126
8. SLED-II Experimental Results ...................................... .131
Low-Power Experiment ................................................. 131
High-Power Experiment ................................................ .140
Accelerator StructureTest .............................................. 146
9. Variations On a Theme ................. : ............................. .155
Amplitude-Modulated SLED ........................................... .155
Phase-Modulated SLED ................................................ 158
s -
SLED-II With Disc-Loaded Delay Lines ................................ .162
V
Ramped SLED-II for Beamloading Compensation ....................... 167
Others ................................................................ ..17 1
10. Conclusion .......................................................... ..17 4
References ............................................................... ..17 8
Appendix: An Equivalent Circuit Model .......................................
for Traveling-Wave Structures .................................. 183
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The physical limitations of time and space prevent me from recounting in detail
how each of the following people or groups have been of help to me in the prepa-
ration of this dissertation, the performance of the research which went into it, and
the general pursuit of a doctoral degree. I hope all will nevertheless understand my
sincere gratitude. I am indebted to my advisor, Professor David B. Cline, and to
Professor Ronald D. Ruth of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center for the oppor-
tunity they’ve provided me. I’ve greatly benefited from the guidance of Professor
Perry B. Wilson and Professor Norman M. Kroll. The advice and assistance of my
SLAC supervisor, Dr. Theodore L. Lavine, are much appreciated. I would also like
to acknowledge and thank:
Z. David Farkas, Albert Menegat, Prof. Roger H. Miller, Dr. Arnold E. Vlieks,
Dr. Sami G. Tantawi, Dr. Juwen Wang, Dr. Thomas Knight, Harold A. Hoag,
Henry Deruyter, Dr. Kwok Ko, Dr. Ron Koontz, John Eichner, Chris Pearson
and the SLAC Machine Shop, Chuck Yoneda and the SLAC Vacuum Group, Rich
Callin, Karen Fant, Dr. Roger Jones, Terry Lee, Craig Galloway, Rod Loewen,
Dr. George Spalek, the SLAC Accelerator Theory & Special Projects Dept., the
SLAC Klystron & Microwave Dept., the SLAC Publications Dept., Dr. Eric Nel-
son, Xin-Tian (Eddie) Lin, Joseph Scott Berg, S. Rajagopalan, Penny Lucky and
_the UCLA Physics Dept., Jim Kolonko and the UCLA Center for Advanced Ac-
celerators, Prof. James B. Rosenzweig, Prof. Chan Joshi, Prof. William Slater,
vii
.-
.T‘ .- .
I
Prof. Harold Fetterman, Dr. Melvin Month and the US Particle Accelerator School
staff, the Advanced Accelerator Group at Argonne National Laboratory, the Accel-
erator Physics community, and Dr. David Sutter and the Department of Energy,
who made this research possible.
. . .
VI11
VITA
February 21, 1964 Born
New York, New York
June 1986 B.A., Physics
Cornell University
Ithaca, New York
September 1986-December 1987 Teaching Assistant
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California
March 1988 M.S., Physics
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California
January 1988-October 1994 Graduate Student Researcher
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California
June-September 1988 Graduate Student Researcher
Argonne National Laboratory
Argonne, Illinois
September 1989-October 1994 Graduate Student Researcher
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
Stanford, California
January 1992 Teaching Assistant for USPAS
RF Systems for Electron Linacs
and Storage Rings
University of Texas, Austin
Austin, Texas
March-September 1994 Engineering Physicist
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
St anford, California
ix
. ^
PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS
Z.D. Farkas et al., “Radio Frequency Pulse Compression Experiments at SLAC,”
presented at the SPIE Symposium on High Power Lasers, Los Angeles, CA, January
20-25, 1991; SLAC-PUB-5409.
N.M. Kroll et al., “A High-Power SLED II Pulse Compression System,” presented at
the 3rd European Particle Accelerator Conference, Berlin, Germany, March 24-28,
1992; SLAC-PUB-5782.
T.L. Lavine et al., “Binary RF Pulse Compression Experiment at SLAC,” presented
at the European Particle Accelerator Conference, Nice, France, June 12-15, 1990;
SLAC-PUB-5277.
T.L. Lavine et cd., “High-Power Radio-Fequency Binary Pulse-Compression Ex-
periment at SLAC,” presented at the IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference, San
Francisco, CA, May 6-9, 1991; SLAC-PUB-5451.
T.L. Lavine, C.D. Nantista, and Z.D. Farkas, “SLED-II Delay-Line Length Stabi-
lization,” Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator (NLCTA) Note #16, February 3,
1994.
C. Nantista, “An Equivalent Circuit Model of the 30-Cavity Structure,” SLAC
Advanced Accelerator Studies (AAS) Note 75, September 1992.
C. Nantista et al., “High-Power RF Pulse Compression With SLED-II at SLAC,”
presented at the IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference, Washington, D.C., May
17-20, 1993; SLAC-PUB-6145.
C. Nantista, N.M. Kroll, and E.M. Nelson, “Design of a 90” Overmoded Waveguide
Bend,” presented at the IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference, Washington, D.C.,
May 17-20, 1993; SLAC-PUB-6141.
C.D. Nantista and T.L. Lavine, “Mechanical Tolerances on Circular Waveguide
and Flanges for the SLED-II Delay Lines,” Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator
(NLCTA) Note #17, February 3, 1994.
e -
C.D. Nantista, and T.L. Lavine, “Analysis of Mechanical Tolerances on Circular
X
Waveguide and Flanges for the Low-Loss High-Power Transmission Lines,” Next
Linear Collider Test Accelerator (NLCTA) Note #21, April 1, 1994.
C.D. Nantista, “SLED-II Adjustable Short Power Dissipation,” Next Linear Collider
Test Accelerator (NLCTA) Note #22, April 6, 1994.
C.D. Nantista, “Ramping SLED-II for Beam-Loading Compensation,” Next Linear
Collider Test Accelerator (NLCTA) Note #27, August 19, 1994.
.
J. Norem et al., “The Development of Plasma Lenses for Linear Colliders,” presented
at the IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference, Chicago, Illinois, March 20-23, 1989.
J.M. Paterson et al., “The Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator,” presented at the
15th International Conference on High Energy Accelerators, Hamburg, Germany,
July 20-24, 1992; SLAC-PUB-5928.
R.D. Ruth et al., “A Test Accelerator for the Next Linear Collider,” presented at
the ECFA Workshop on e + e - Linear Colliders, Garmisch-Partinkirchen, Germany,
July 25-August 2, 1992; SLAC-PUB-6293.
R.D. Ruth et al., “The Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator,” presented at IEEE
Particle Accelerator Conference, Washington, D.C., May 17-20, 1993; SLAC-PUB-
6252.
A.E. Vlieks et al., “Accelerator and RF System Development for NLC,” presented -
. _
at the IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference, Washington, D.C., May 17-20, 1993;
SLAC-PUB-6148.
J.W. Wang et al., “High Gradient Tests of SLAC Linear Collider Accelerator Struc-
tures,” presented at the LINAC 94 Conference, Tsukuba, Japan, August 21-26,
1994; SLAC-PUB-6617.
P.B. Wilson et al., “Progress at SLAC on High-Power RF Pulse Compression,” pre-
sented at the 15th International Conference on High Energy Accelerators, Hamburg, _
Germany, July 20-24, 1992; SLAC-PUB-5866.
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