Radical Reform in Yeltsin's Russia: What Went Wrong? PDF
Preview Radical Reform in Yeltsin's Russia: What Went Wrong?
Radical Reform Yeltsins Russia ~ This page intentionally left blank Radical Reform Yeltsins Russia IN POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, AND SOCIAL DIMENSIONS Lynn D. Nelson Ir i na Y. Kuzes First published 1995 by M.E. Sharpe Published 2015 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, axon OXl4 4RN 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA Rourledge is an imprinr oJrhe Taylor & Francis Group, an in/onna. business Copyright © 1995 Taylor & Francis. All rights reserved. No pan of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, wi!.hout permission in writing from !.hc publishers. Notices No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or propeny as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any usc of operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safcty and the safety of othcrs, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and arc used only for identification and explanation without intcnt to infringe. Library ofCongres5 Catak)glng-ln--Publkallon Data Radical reform in Yeltsin's Russia: political, economic. and social dimensions I by Lynn D. Nelson and Irina Y. Kuzes. p. em. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-56324479-9 (alk. paper). - ISBN 1·56324480-2 (pbk. : alk. paper) I. Russia (Federation}-Economic policy-1991- 2. Privatization-Russia (Federation) 3. Russia (Federation}-Economie conditions--1991- 4. Russia (Federation}-Politics and govemment-I99I- I. Nelson, Lynn D., 1943- II. Kuzes, Irina Y. HC340.12.R33 1995 338.947--dc20 94-41114 CIP ISBN 13: 9781563244803 (pbk) ISBN 13: 9781563244797 (hbk) To Grigorii Kaganov This page intentionally left blank Contents Introduction IX 1. The Twentieth-Century Russian Dialectic 3 2. The Political Dimension of Economic Reform 35 3. Structural and Cultural Factors 61 4. Contrasting Economic Priorities in Russian Reform 91 5. Coordination Issues in Russia's Privatization Program 133 6. An Assessment of the Voucher Privatization Program 149 7. In the Balance 165 Appendix A 187 Appendix B 193 Notes 205 Index 247 This page intentionally left blank Introduction This study examines political, institutional, and organizational factors that shaped Russian economic reforms from late 1991 until mid-1994, and further inquires into the implications of the reforms for both eco nomic and noneconomic institutions in Russia. This work continues the stream of research on which our earlier volume, Property to the People (1994), was based. That book title was inspired by Boris Yeltsin's proclamation, as voucher privatization was about to begin, that Russia needed "millions of owners" rather than "a few million aires." I The interviews for that study (which numbered more than 5,700) were conducted in mid-1992. Our positive initial judgment about the direction of Russia's reforms is reflected in the title of that book. But our findings forced us to modify our point of view, if not the work's title, during the course of the project. Our research for this book included interview data that were col lected in mid-1993 in Moscow, Ekaterinburg, Voronezh, and Smolensk, as well as primary and secondary material from a variety of sources. The 5,019 respondents included political and opinion leaders at the federal and local levels, directors and other administrators of privatized and privatizing enterprises, privatization administrators, and general population subsamples in each of the four cities. (Details are provided in Appendix A.) At various points in the book we also introduce inter view data collected during 1992.2 Our earlier work had made us skeptical about the course the reform ers had set. In this continuation project, however, we pointedly at tempted to search as widely as possible for critical data related to the study's themes-whatever conclusions those data might support--and ix
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