Radiation Health Risk Sciences: Proceedings of the First International Symposium of the Nagasaki University Global COE Program “Global Strategic Center for Radiation Health Risk Control” PDF
Preview Radiation Health Risk Sciences: Proceedings of the First International Symposium of the Nagasaki University Global COE Program “Global Strategic Center for Radiation Health Risk Control”
M. Nakashima, N. Takamura, K. Tsukasaki, Y. Nagayama, S. Yamashita (Eds.) Radiation Health Risk Sciences M. Nakashima, N. Takamura, K. Tsukasaki, Y. Nagayama, S. Yamashita (Eds.) Radiation Health Risk Sciences Proceedings of the First International Symposium of the Nagasaki University Global COE Program “Global Strategic Center for Radiation Health Risk Control” Masahiro Nakashima M.D., Ph.D. Yuji Nagayama M.D., Ph.D. Associate Professor, Tissue and Professor, Department of Medical Gene Histopathology Section, Atomic Bomb Technology, Atomic Bomb Disease Disease Institute Institute Nagasaki University Graduate School of Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Biomedical Sciences 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan Noboru Takamura M.D., Ph.D. Shunichi Yamashita M.D., Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Professor, Department of Molecular Radiation Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Medicine Disease Institute Atomic Bomb Disease Institute Nagasaki University Graduate School of Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Biomedical Sciences 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan Kunihiro Tsukasaki M.D., Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Molecular Medicine and Hematology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan Library of Congress Control Number: 2008937558 ISBN 978-4-431-88658-7 Springer Tokyo Berlin Heidelberg New York e-ISBN 978-4-431-88659-4 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publisher can give no guarantee for information about drug dosage and application thereof contained in this book. In every individual case the respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other pharmaceutical literature. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springer.com © Springer 2009 Printed in Japan Typesetting: SNP Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong Printing and binding: Kato Bunmeisha, Japan Printed on acid-free paper Acknowledgments The publication of this volume was supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan through the Nagasaki University Global COE (center of excellence) Program “Global Strategic Center for Radiation Health Risk Control.” V Organizing Committee Honorary Chairman Hiroshi Saito, President, Nagasaki University Chairman Shunichi Yamashita, Professor, GCOE Program Leader, Nagasaki University Program Committee Naoki Matsuda, Professor, Nagasaki University Yuji Nagayama, Professor, Nagasaki University Masahiro Nakashima, Associate Professor, Nagasaki University Akira Ohtsuru, Associate Professor, Nagasaki University Hiroki Ozawa, Professor, Nagasaki University Keiji Suzuki, Associate Professor, Nagasaki University Noboru Takamura, Associate Professor, Nagasaki University Kunihiro Tsukasaki, Associate Professor, Nagasaki University Koh-ichiro Yoshiura, Associate Professor, Nagasaki University VI 8 0 0 2 m y a ar ogr bru Pr Fe E 1 O – bal Cntrol”nuary University GloHealth Risk CoMedicine, 31 Ja aki on of um of the Nagasenter for Radiatiniversity School siCU al SympoStrategic Nagasaki First Internation“Global o Ryojun Hall, The mot u s at M Preface Ionizing radiation is a recognized and a well-documented human cancer risk factor, based on a remarkably consistent body of information from epidemiological studies of exposed populations in the world. The atomic bomb survivors study in Hiroshima and Nagasaki remains the single most important study on excess cancer risk and also, recently, on noncancer risk. The youngest atomic bomb survivors, considered to be the most radiosensitive, have now reached the “cancer age.” A continuous endeavor in the fi eld of radiation health risk sciences is critical and important especially for the Nuclear Age of the twenty-fi rst century from the standpoint of radiation safety and risk management. Besides the atomic bomb studies in Japan, lessons from the Chernobyl accident also tell us about various health effects in several population categories directly affected by the accident, such as emergency workers and people living in radio-contaminated areas. Among the latter, there has been a dramatic increase in thyroid cancer in those who were chil- dren at the time of the accident; their risk of disease is expected to be long-lasting. We are now facing the most diffi cult part in the follow-up of the long-term health consequences in individuals who were exposed at a young age, either externally or internally. An additional source of information on radiation health effects in humans is the data obtained and accumulated from occupational, medical, and other expo- sure scenarios. Along with studies in human populations, it is also essential to promote basic radiation life sciences at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and labora- tory animal levels, particularly as they address exposure to low dose and low dose- rate radiation, to further understand and apply these fi ndings to future regulatory guidance and public health policy. Another important issue of the Nuclear Age is to prepare for emergency radiation medicine against nuclear disasters and any radiological accident. The global radia- tion health initiative should be taken under the auspices of an international consor- tium on emergency radiation medicine, focusing on regenerative medicine and related regulatory sciences. Here we would like to re-emphasize to the world our mission and task of Nagasaki University in the fi eld of radiation health risk sciences. On the basis of our previous achievements of the 21st century COE program entitled “The International Consortium for Medical Care of Hibakusha and Radia- tion Life Science” selected by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, IX X Preface Science and Technology from FY 2002 to FY 2006, a new Global COE program termed “Global Strategic Center for Radiation Health Risk Control” has been newly selected for the coming fi ve years starting in FY 2007. As an inaugural meeting of the new GCOE Program, we held the First Interna- tional Symposium from 31 January–4 February 2008, at Matsumoto Ryojun Hall, during the special occasion of the 150th anniversary of the founding of the Nagasaki University School of Medicine. More than 130 scientists, including 20 scientists from 10 countries in addition to Japan, participated in the symposium and satellite meetings and were engaged in intensive discussions of the issues mentioned above. New and revised academic cooperation agreements were signed with several sister universities, and a number of prospective joint research projects were successfully negotiated. The future direction of the GCOE Program in Nagasaki University thus has been clearly manifested during the symposium. The present proceedings is a compilation of papers presented at the First Inter- national Symposium on the Establishment of a New Discipline, “Medical Care for Hibakusha,” including two-day satellite symposia. The symposia featured presenta- tions by international experts on the topics of 1) atomic bomb disease medicine, 2) international radiation health sciences, and 3) radiation basic life sciences. Further- more, special issues of radiation risk management including mental health care and cancer research were included. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to all contributors for their fas- cinating and valuable papers. Through continuous academic cooperation and con- certed efforts in further investigations of the deleterious effects of ionizing radiation on human health, especially at low dose and low dose-rate, we greatly hope to create a new disciplinary research fi eld of comprehensive radiation health risk control. The Editors Greetings It is a great honor and pleasure for me to extend my cordial greetings on the occasion of the First International Symposium on the Establishment of a New Discipline, “Medical Care for Hibakusha.” As the President of Nagasaki University, I consider this symposium very important for the following three reasons. First of all, this is the remarkable result of a continuous endeavor in Radiation Medical Sciences by the research project leader, Professor Shunichi Yamashita, and his trusted staff of the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences. Their study received the highest rating in the interim assessment of the “21st COE Program” from 2002 to 2006, and its high standard has already been widely recognized. I am very proud that they have established a global research network in Radiation Medical Sciences with research institutes around the world, including Chernobyl and Kazakhstan and internationally renowned organizations such as WHO, and that their various achievements in international medical initiatives have come to be appreciated with the help of this strong network. The second reason for the signifi cance of our symposium is that our subject in this fi eld of research was “Interdiscipline, Combination, and New Area.” Although Nagasaki University consists of eight faculties and one research institute, it has no departments in basic subjects such as literature, law, and science, in contrast to other large-scale national university corporations. Its undergraduate and graduate schools concentrate mainly on applied science. However, we have never taken this fact to be a negative factor. Rather, we have always thought of this as an opportunity and have tried to create new disciplines crossing the borders between established learning fi elds, thus taking up the challenge to develop Nagasaki’s unique and tra- ditionally fostered “forever enterprising spirit.” I believe that our mission is to put into practice our philosophy as a “center for the transmission of intellectual infor- mation” by creating the cutting edge in science and continuously conveying our achievements to the world. Winning the “FY 2007 Global COE Program” will certainly be one of the driving forces to promote that mission. The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science pointed out that “Research needs to be reinforced in both its social science aspect and its physical chemistry aspect by an interdisciplin- ary point of view, and it also needs further elaboration and deliberation to become a fi rmer base for educational research.” With this advice, I have realized that there are still more issues in which we have to make improvements. XI
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