Radiant Energy Receiver. The Sea of Energy

17 Pages·0.67 MB·English

by  Moray T.H.

Thomas Henry MORAY
Radiant Energy Receiver
The Sea of Energy [ Excerpts ]
Excerptsof technicalfactoidsfrom:
The Sea of Energy
[FromtheoriginalTheSeaofEnergyinWhichtheEarthFloats--1978Edition:CosrayResearchInstitute,SaltLakeCity,
UT]
by
ThomasHenryMoray
Tableof Contents
Introduction
Foreword
Chapter1~Earlyyears
Chapter2~RadiantEnergyinEarnest
Chapter3~Frienemies
Chapter4~MorayProductsCompany
Chapter5~Patents
Chapter6~GovernmentSupport
Chapter7~ANewEraofEnergy
Chapter8~ReactionsbyMeansofElectronExcitation
Chapter9~DissociationofMatter
Chapter10~EnergybyResonance
Chapter11~Conclusion
References
AppendixI
AppendixII
AppendixIII
AppendixIV
AppendixV
AppendixVI
Figures
Introduction
[4thEdition]
RADIANTENERGY---ThetermMorayhasusedtodescribethatsourceofenergycomingfromthecosmostoearthand
radiatingfromtheearthbackfromwhenceitcame.ThisistheenergytheMoraydevicecapturesandcouldbedescribedasthose
particlesofenergypervadingallspace.Intheevolutionofenergyandtheevolutionofmattertheseparticlesofmatterand
energy(oneandthesame)manifestundercertainconditionsaspureenergyandunderothersaspurematter.RadiantEnergy
fromthecosmos,likeradiantparticlesofmatter,beingcomposedofaninfinitesimalquantitywhosebehaviorsaredescribedby
mathematicalequationssimilartothoseusedfordescribingelectricalwaves,keepinginmindtodifferentiatebetween
wavelengthandfrequency.RadiantEnergyisparticlesofenergy,justaslightiswavelengthsandparticlesarecomparabletothe
electronandmagneton:aringofnegativeelectricitytravelinginavortexwiththespeedoflight,streamsofenergyquanta,each
quantumhavingenergyandmomentumwheretheelectronrevolvesaroundtheprotonatadistanceequaltotheelectronradius.
Tosummarize:RadiantEnergyashereinusedisthatenergyexistingintheluminiferousmediumoftheuniverse,kineticand
exercisedinwavetransmissionandrenderedsensiblebyconversionofitsenergyintoadetectablefrequency.Inthefinal
analysis,RadiantEnergyisameansofusingtheenergyreleasedbythefissionablereactionstakingplaceinthestellarcrucibles
oftheuniverse.
Chapter1
TheEarly Years
[p.20]"Istartedmyexperimentswiththetakingofelectricityfromtheground,asItermedit,duringthesummerof1909.By
fallof1910Ihadsufficientpowertooperateasmallelectricaldevice,andImadeademonstrationofmyideatotwofriends...
Thisdemonstrationintheearlystagesconsistedofoperatingaminiaturearclight...Itsoonbecameevidentthattheenergywas
notstaticandthatthestaticoftheuniversewouldbeofnoassistancetomeinobtainingthepowerIwasseeking...
DuringtheChristmasHolidaysof1911,IbegantofullyrealizethattheenergyIwasworkingwithwasnotofastaticnature,but
ofanoscillatingnature.FurtherIrealizedthattheenergywasnotcomingoutoftheearth,butinsteadwascomingtotheearth
fromsomeoutsidesource.Theseelectricaloscillationsintheformofwaveswerenotsimpleoscillations,butweresurgings---
likethewavesofthesea---comingtotheearthcontinually,moreinthedaytimethanatnight,butalwayscominginvibrations
fromthereservoirofcolossalenergyoutthereinspace.BythistimeIwasabletoobtainenoughpowertolighttheold16-
candlepowercarbonlampforaboutonehalfcapacity,andIdidnotseemtomakeanyfurtherimprovementuntilthespringof
1925."
[p.21]In1912hewascalledtogoonamissionfortheChurchofJesusChristofLatter-DaySaints,andunderavisitor'svisa
wasallowedtoenterSwedenduringtheExhibitionof1912inStockholm...
Inhisnotebook,datedNovember1,1913,HenryincludedamemothathehadobtainedmaterialfromarailroadcaratAbisco,
Swedentheprevioussummer,andmaterialfromthesideofahill.Hemadeelectrictestsofthesematerials,takingthemhometo
tryeachasadetectorforhisenergymachine.Testsindicatedthatthissoft,whitestone-likesubstancemightmakeagood
"valve-likedetector"*.
[*This"valve-likedetector"iswhatledHenry todoresearchinsemi-conductivematerials,andfromthissoftwhitestonehe
developedhisfirstMorayvalveandtheMorayvalvethatwasusedinsomeoftheearlyRadiantEnergydevices]
[p.22]"Silverwireusedonstonemakesarectifier."
Chapter2
RadiantEnergyInEarnest
[p.31]HenryMoraydemonstratedthatenergywasavailablebyitsactionsonaresistiveload,suchasaflat-ironoraspace
heater,andbylightinglights.Aresistiveloadisdirectlyproportionaltotheamountofenergydeliveredtoit.Inheatingaheater
orlightingalight,thenumberofwattsproducedcanbecalculatedasequaltothenumberofwattsconsumed.Thisenergyisfed
intoaloadtogiveeitherheat/light,orpower.Amotorcanbeoperatedbutmustbedesignedforhighfrequency.TheRadiant
EnergydeviceoperationisshowninFigure54,inwhichheusedanantennaandagroundconnectedtohissolidstateRE
device...
Hewasabletoshowthatnoneoftheenergycamefromwithinhisdevice.Internallythedevicewaselectricallydeadwhenithad
notbeenconnectedandtunedtotheantenna.Whenhisdevicewassetup,hecouldconnectittoanantennaandground,andby
primingitfirstandthentuningitasheprimedit,thedevicewoulddrawelectricalenergy.Thishighfrequencyelectricalenergy
producedupto250,000voltsanditlightedabrighterlightthanwitnesseshadeverbeforeseen.Heavyloadscouldbeconnected
tothedevicewithoutdimmingthelightsthatwerealreadyconnectedtoit.Thisdeviceworkedmanymilesfromanyknown
sourceofelectricalenergy.Suchastransmissionlinesorradio.Thedeviceproducedupto50,000wattsofpowerandworked
forlongperiodsoftime....
Heassumedatfirstthatthisenergywaselectromagneticinorigin;however,heneverclaimedthatitwaselectromagneticin
nature.Heassumedatfirstthatthisenergycamefromtheearth.Butlaterhebelieveditwasfromtheuniverse.Finallyhebegan
tobelievethatitwaspresentthroughoutallspace,intermolecularspaceaswellasterrestrialandcelestialspace.Hedidnot
necessarilyunderstandhowhisdetectorsoperated,onlythatifheverycarefullybuiltthedeviceaccordingtohiscalculations,it
worked.Hewasabletodemonstratetheexistenceofanenergythattoday,thoughithasnotbeenidentifiedorproven,hasbeen
theorizedbymanyresearchers...
[p.32]Asearlyas1904,NicolaTesla,experimentingwithACcurrentsofhighpotentialandhighfrequency,said:"Eremany
generationspass,ourmachinerywillbedrivenbyapowerobtainableatanypointintheuniverse...Throughoutspacethereis
energy.Isthisenergystaticorkinetic?Ifstatic,ourhopesareinvain;ifkinetic---andthisweknowitisforcertain---thenitis
amerequestionoftimewhenmenwillsucceedinattachingtheirmachinerytotheverywheelworkofnature."
[p.35]Thefollowingis[excerptedfrom]abookletprintedabout1932,entitled"BriefHistoryofMorayRadiantDevice":
Thelargestinstrumentbeingabout6incheshighandcircularinshapeandabout8inchesindiameter...Wewentoutontheroof
ofthechickencoopcarryingthedeviceonasmalldraftingboard,erectedanantennaupontheroofofthecoop,theantenna
beingabout100feetfromthehouse.Wepulledthemainlineswitchesinthehousebeforegoingoutupontheroof.MrJuddhad
memovethedraftingboardfromplacetoplaceandIalsohadhimexaminetheinsideofthecoopforhiddenequipment.Ithen
putthemachinetogetherinhispresenceandthedevicewasthenstarted.MrJuddtimedmetoseehowlongitwouldtaketo
bringinthelight.Iwasabletolight-watttypeCGElamptofullcapacityandalsotoheattothesizzlingpointanoldstyle
Hotpointelectricflatironwhichconsumed655watts.MrJuddaskedmetotakeofftheantenna.Thelightwentout.Itwas
connectedagainandthelightreappeared.WedroveanewgroundataspotselectedbyMrJudd,madeaconnectionovertoa
newgroundandthelightburneddimbutcamebrighterandbrighterasthenewgroundwasdrivendeeperanddeeper.....
[p.36]Wheneverthegroundorantennaisleftdisconnectedtoolongthedevicebecomeselectricallydeadandmustberetunedin
ordertoobtaintheenergy.....
[p.37]DrEyringfoundnofaultwiththedemonstrationandtheworstthathecouldsayaboutitwasthatitmightbeinduction,
butthatifIwouldtakethedeviceoutinthemountainsawayfromallpowerlines,adistanceof3or4miles,anditwouldthen
operatehewouldthenacknowledgethatitcouldnotbeinductionandthathistheorywaswrongandmineright...
AtlasttheydecidedtogoupEmigrationCanyon,astherearenopowerlinesinthatcanyon...Allthreegentlemenwerevery
wellsatisfiedandpleasedwithwhattheysaw...
[p.40]"TheantennawirewasputupwithoutanyaidorinstructionswhateverfromMrMoray,exceptthathesuggestedthatthe
wirebestretchedtightertopreventsomuchsagatthecenter.Thiswasdoneandthewirethenappearedtoclearthegroundby
about7or8feetatitslowestpoint.
Thegroundpipewasof1/2-inchwaterpipeconsistingoftwosections.Thelowersectionwaspointedattheendtomakeits
drivingintothecreekbedeasy.Itwasabout6feetlongandafterbeingdrivendownabout5feetthesecondsection,whichwas
about4feetlong,wasscrewedonwithawrenchandthepipefurtherdrivendownuntilitstruckahardobject...Ijudgeabout7
feetofpipewasintheground.
Theantennawirewasinsulatedfromthepoleswithtwoglassinsulatorsabout6incheslongandhavingholesinbothends.A
pieceofwireabout2feetlongconnectedeachinsulatorwiththepole.Thelead-inwirewasfastenedtotheantennawireata
pointabout10or15feetfromtheeastpole.IhelpedMrMoraysoldertheconnection[s]...Isteppedthedistancebetweenthe
twoantennapolesandestimatedittobe87feet...
MrMoray'sequipment,asidefromtheantennaandgroundwires,consistedofabrownboxaboutthesizeofabutterbox,
anotherunpaintedboxslightlysmaller,afiberboardboxabout6"x4"x4",whichMrMorayreferredtoascontainingthe
tubes.Andametalbaseboardabout14"x4"x1"containingwhatappearedtobeamagnetatoneend,aswitchnearthemiddle
andareceptacleforanelectriclightglobeattheotherend.Therewerealsoseveralpostsforconnectingwiresonthe
baseboard...
WhenallofthewiresconnectionsweremadeandeverythingwasinreadinessMrMoraybegantuningin...Beforetuninginhe
placedthekeyonthepost:hesaiditwouldbeincontactwithwhilethelightburnsbutnolightappeared.Thetuningin
consistedofstrokingtheendofamagnetacrosstwometalprojectionsprotrudingfromwhatIreferredtoaboveasbeinga
magnet.Aftertuninginforslightlymorethan10minutesthekeywasputontheoperatingpostandthelightappeared
immediately...MrMorayputthekeyontheoperatingposttwoorthreetimesbeforeduringthetuninginoperationbutnolight
appeared...Weallowedthelighttoburnfor15minutes.....Thebrilliancyofthelight,a100-wattglobe...wasabout75%as
brightasa100-wattglobeconnectedtoanordinaryhousesocketinmyopinion.Itwasanevenlight,withoutfluctuationsofany
kind.
WhilethelightwasburningMrMoraydisconnectedtheantennalead-inwirefromtheapparatusandthelightwentout.He
connecteditagainandthelightappeared.Healsodisconnectedthegroundwireandthelightwentout.Hethenconnecteditand
thelightappearedagain."
[p.42][Inanotherdemonstration],I[T.Moray]openedthedeviceandletthemseeeverythingexceptonesmallpartthatIwas
abletoplacemyhandoverandhideinmyfist.ThispartIcutoffandputinmyvestpocket.EverythingelseIletthemexamine
totheirhearts'content."Ifthatpartisabletomakesuchpoweritselfit'ssomedeviceandworthselling.Suchabatterywouldbe
worthwhile",weresomeoftheremarkspassed...
[p.48]OnseveraloccasionsDrMoraywoulddisconnecttheantennawiremomentarily,butnotlongenoughtolosethelight.In
disconnectingandconnectingtheantennawireaflashofelectricitycouldalwaysbeseenattheconnectingpoint...
[p.49]SaltLakeCity,Utah,October10,1928~ToWhomItMayConcern:
BelowisareportofmyobservationoftheMoraycosmicenergydevice.
Theaerialusedisabout200feetlongandisabout80feetabovetheground:thewireisacoppercableapproximatelyafourth
inchindiameter,andwellinsulated.ThegroundisthewaterpipeinthebasementofDrMoray'shome.
Thedevicewasassembledinatrunkthroughthesidesofwhichwereholesfortheconnectionstogroundandtotheantennaand
forobservation;thesaidholeswereaboutone-halfinchindiameter.Thereweretwoboxesabout10by20by4inches,oneon
topoftheother;bothwereclosedandthecoversfastenedwithscrews.Ontheupperboxwaslyinganinsulatingpanelaboutan
inchthickby15incheslongand3incheswide;itisofslateorhardrubberorsomematerialofsimilarappearance.Onthiswere
twobindingpoststhatwereconnectiblebymeansofasmallswitch;alsomountedonthispanelisabodyabout2-1/2-inches
square,wrappedinfrictiontape,fromwhichprotrudetwopolesabout1/4-inchindiameter,apparentlyofsiftiron.Adouble
receptacleforlightglobeswasconnectedinthecircuit.Inoneofwhichwasa20-wattglobe,andintheothera100watt
globe...
DrMoraythentookamagnet,whichwasaverybroad,shortlimbedU,andbegantostrokeonepoleofitonthepolesinthe
tapedbody:MrJensenplacedhisfingersonthebindingpostsseveraltimes,andatlastreceivedarathervigorousshock;Mr
Moraythenthrewtheswitchandtheglobeslighted...
Asafurtherproofthattheconversionoftheenergywasduetothemechanisminthebox,DrMorayhitthetableonwhichthe
trunkwasstanding,amoderateblowwithahammerwhereuponthelightflickeredandwentoff,duetothedetectorbeing
shakenoutofadjustment.
Theboxesinwhichthemechanismhadbeenhosedduringthetestwereopenedandthecontentsexamined;therewere
condensers,thedetector,atransformer,andtwotubesinthembutnothingelse.Nothingthatintheleastresembledabattery.
Itistobenotedthatafteratotalrunof158hoursthedevicesupplied635watts;inasmuchasahorsepowerisbut746wattsthis
equals0.878ofahorsepowerorslightlymorethan7/8horsepower.Thisaloneissufficienttodisposeofanysuggestionofa
battery...
[p.54]ToAllWhomItMayConcern(June25,1929):Itisnowmorethan2yearssinceIfirstbecameacquaintedwithDrT.H.
Morayandtheworkheiscarryingon,andintattimehehasdemonstratedinventiveabilityofanexceptionalorder.
Perhapsthemostwonderfulofhisinventionsisadevicewherebyheisabletodrawelectricpowerfromanantenna.Thisenergy
isnotderivedbyinductionfrompowerlines,ashasbeensuggestedbysome,norisitderivedfromradiostations,ashasbeen
demonstratedbytakingtheapparatusmorethan26milesfromthenearestpowerlineandoverahundredmilesfromthenearest
radiostationandshowingthatitoperatesjustaswellasanywhereelse.Thisdevicewassubjectedtoanendurancetestinwhich
itwasoperatedcontinuouslyforaweek,andattheendofthattimea100-wattlampwaslightedsimultaneouslywiththe
heatingofa575wattstandardHotpointflatiron,makingatotalof675watts;itisveryevidentthatnobatteriescouldsustain
suchadrainasthis.
Hehasalsoinventedaverysensitivesounddetectorwherebyitispossibletohearconversationscarriedoninanordinarytome
ofvoiceatadistanceofseveralblocks.
Hehasalsoworkedoutnumerousradiohookupswhicheliminatemanyofthepartsnowconsiderednecessaryforgood
reception,yetthereisnodiminutioninqualityorvolume;infact,thereisanotableeliminationofinterferencefromstaticwhen
someoftheseareused.
Hehasdevisedameansbywhichheisabletomeasurewithsomedegreeofaccuracytheenergyevolvedduringmentalactivity;
thatis,hegetsdefinite,variabledeflectionsoftheneedleofasensitivegalvanometerwhichappearedtoberelatedtothevigor
ofmentalactivity.
Thereareagreatmanyotherequallyremarkablethingsthathehasdone,suchasreducingoldrubberfromtrucktirestothestate
ofaviscousfluidwhichisreadilyvulcanizablewithouttheadditionofsmokesheetasisnecessarywithotherprocesses;alsoa
highfrequencytherapeuticdevice,andnumerousotherdeviceswhichshowgreatingenuity.
Signed,MurrayO.Hayes,PhD.
[p.55]YouaskedsomequestionsatthattimethatIcouldnotansweronaccountofmylackofknowledge,bothofscienceand
thedetailconstructionofthemachineofDrMoray'sthatweweretalkingabout.Therewasonethinginparticularthatyou
askedaboutandthatIknowIdidnotmakeclearinmyanswer,andthatwasinregardtothesetupofthesix100-wattlamps.
Youaskediftheyweresetupinmultipleorseries,andthisquestionwasespeciallybroughtupaswewerereferringtothevery
smallwire,whichaN.50,whichIstatedwasusedinconnectionwiththeoperationofsaidlamps.SincemyreturntoSaltLake,
Ihavegoneoverthismatterandfindthatthe6lampsaresetupinparallelandthesmallwireisusedasthecurrententersthe
tubepriortoandconnectingwiththestep-downtransformer,thistakingtheterrifichighvoltagetothetransformer.Inother
words,Iamtryingtosaytoyouthatthisisaterrifichighvoltage,andweareusingtheword"terrific"becauseithasbeen
demonstratedthatthisisanexceedinglyhighvoltagebecauseitwill[jump]throughanarcflashatleast6inchesandinexcess.
Anotherthingthatyouaskedmeaboutwasthemeasuringofthevoltageoramperage,andIknowIdidnotanswertoyour
satisfaction.However,Imustnowstatethat"thefrequencyissohighthatIhavenoinstrumentinmylaboratorythatisableto
measuretheamperageorthevoltageatthisfrequency"
DrMurrayHayeshasexaminedmostcarefullyandknowstheconstructionofDrMoray'smachine,knowsthetheoryindetail,
haspracticallypreparedthepapersforpatentapplications...
Chapter3
Frienemies
[p.65]DrMiltonMarshallwasattemptingtoidentifythematerialthathecalledhis"SwedishStone".Whenhedescribedthe
actionofhisgermaniummixturetothetwophysicists[CarlEyringandHarveyFletcher],theyknewthattheentirecomposition
oftheSwedishStonehadnobeenproperlyidentified...
[p.66]DrMoray...describedtheradiodetectorhehaddeveloped...Hecomparedittowhatwascommonlyknownasthecrystal
ofacrystalset.However,hisdetectorwassuperiorsinceitcoulddrivealoudspeakerwithouttheuseofabattery...
Heusedthemosteasilydemonstrateddevice,thegermaniumdiode,thatworkedonthesameprincipleastheradiumtoillustrate
howhethoughttheRadiantEnergyDetectorworked...Henryoriginallybuilttheradiosimplyforthatpurpose---toshowhow
hewasabletopickupsignalswithasolid-statedevicesufficientlystrongthattheywoulddrivealoudspeaker,whichwas
somethingunheardofinthatday...Hiscircuitdidnothavebatteries,asitwasverysimilartotheoldcrystal-setcircuitry.Figure
17,sub-figure3,showshowtheoriginalgermaniumvalvewasusedandhowitworkedintheradiocircuit.
TheearliestdrawingsanddescriptionsoftheMorayValvearefoundinasworncertificatedatedNovember14,1927,wherehe
describesagermaniumcompoundusingthewords"puregermanium"(Figure14).[Re-purified5times]
In1937,inordertoprotecthisinterestinthegermaniumvalve,hewroteanaffidavitandhadthisaffidavitwitnessed(Figure15)
.Thisaffidavitreferstocertaindrawingsanddescriptionsfoundinpatentapplication550611...Ihavemadecopiesofthepatent
applicationthatappliedtothedescriptionfound(Figure8&9,patentapplication550611,enclosed)(Figure16).
TheRadiantEnergyDetector,eventodaywiththeadvancedstateoftheartofsemi-conductors,isconsideredbyourresearch
organizationtobeproprietaryandstillofgreatvalue.Partsofthecertificate(Figure15)havebeenremovedtoprotectthese
interests.ItmustbenotedthatthedetectordescribedinFigure15isalsosuperiortomostgermaniumsemi-conductorsknown
todaybecauseofsomeofthedopingmaterialused.Thatthisbipolardeviceistrulyatransistorwasverifiedbyexaminationof
thecompletenotesbyWarrenSimmonds,PhD,ofSaltLakeCity.
[p.106]ThereadermustrealizethatIusetheword"tubes"loosely.Basicallymyfather's"tubes"weresolid-statedevices.
[p.111]Thedevicewashousedinawoodenboxsomethinglike12"by18",withanantennaandagroundgoingintoit.Wires
leadingoutoftheboxledtoabankofsomeforty100-wattlightglobesandtoanelectriciron.Myuncletouchedaswitchatthe
topoftheboxwithahandelectrostaticplateandtheglobesalllightedbrilliantly.Weallnotedthatthebulbsburnedcoldexcept
eachhadahotspotaboutthesizeofadimeonthetopslightlyoffcenter.IalsorecallthatIcouldturnthelightsonandoffby
approachingandretreatingtoandfromthedevice,eitherwithmywholebodyormyhand.Ifmymemoryisclear,themachine
hadtobetunedwithadialtobeplacedinthiscondition.[ChesterM.Todd,March19,1971]
[p.114]DavidGardnerAffidavit:ThegentlemanwhohadinvitedmetothedemonstrationmentionedacontrivancethatDr
Morayhadalsoinventedwithwhichhecouldpickupsoundswithoutthembeingbroadcastfromaradiosendingstation.Hesaid
thathehadheardademonstrationofthisdevice.IaskedifImighthearitalso;hecalledDrMorayoverandaskedifImightsee
ademonstrationofthe"soundpickupdevice",andIwasgrantedtheprivilege.
Therewasanoldradioboxofconventionaldesignwithtwoheadphonespluggedintothebox.DrMoraytunedthedeviceby
turningtheknobinfront.HehandedmeonesetofheadphonesandonesettomynephewMrClarkGardner;hethenarranged
forthreepeopletowalkoutofthehouseintothestreetandcarryonaconversationtowhichweweretuned...IwassureIwas
listeningtothesethreemen.IrememberdistinctlyitwasrainingatthetimeandIcouldhearthepatteroftherainonthe
pavementastheywalked.Irememberthemsayingtheyhadbetterhurrybackintothehouselesttheygetwet.
Inthecourseoftheirreturn,IwonderedifImighthearotherpeopletalking,anddespitetheadviceofDrMoraynottofool
aroundwiththetuningdevice,Imovedtheknobslowlyandheardverydistinctlythesoundsofarailroadstation:thewhistleof
atrain,andaporterorthestationmasterathisstationsaying,"Allaboard".Theneareststationtothereceivingsetwouldhave
beenaminimumof5miles...
Iknowthatthepeopleonthestreethadnotransmittingdeviceoranyotherinstrumentwiththem.Theywouldnotbelieveme
whenItoldthemwhatIhadheard,buttheysaidIwasrepeatingtheirconversation.
[p.122]Later,afterhehadexaminedthetransformerofthedevice,hestatedthatwiththeamountofamperagehehadseen
takenfromthedevicewaspositiveproofthatthecurrentdevelopedbyorinthemachinewasdifferent thaninanyinusetoday.
Becausethetransformerwouldhaveburnedupwithnormalcurrent,yetthetransformershowednosignsofeveneverhaving
beenwarm.HewasinformedbyDrHayesthatthetransformerhadbeeninuseunderthesametypeofstrainformanytestsin
thepast...
ItwasDrKnudsen'sfaultthatthedetectorburnedoutbecauseoftheexcessiveinductivekickbackhesubjectedthedevicetoby
throwingthemainswitchinandoutsofastandoftenthatthiscontinualbreakingofthecircuitbuiltupaninductivekickback,
whichwould"blow"anyelectricalcircuit...
[p.126]LetterfromE.G.Jensen (March21,1938)~
Number1condenser(Figure52)consistedoftwosmallsheetsofabout30gaugealuminumseparatedbybutmakingcontact
withapieceofone-quarterinchthickplateglass.Theplateglasswaslargerthanthealuminumsheetsandoverlappedthem.
Number2condenser...hadthecapacityof0.025mfd.Itwasacommercialcondenser...manufacturedbyIgredCondenser&
Mfg.Co.
Withthe60wattMazdaLampandthetwocondensersattachedtotheantennaandtheantennaandgroundattachedtothebox
containingyourRadiantEnergyequipmentinthemannershowninthesketch,the100-wattMazdaLamponthesecondaryor
outputsidewaslighted.Unscrewingthe60-wattMazdalampfromitssocketcausedthe100-wattamptogoout,butit
immediatelylightedwhenthe60-wattlampwasscrewedinitssocket.The60-wattlampdidnotlightunderanyconditionor
hookup.Shortingtheantennaandgroundbyplacingawireacrossthem,causedthe100-wattlamptogoout.Similarshorting
withthehandsalsocausedthe100-wattlamptogoout.Noelectricitycouldbefeltwhenshortingwiththehands.Ifeitherthe
groundortheantennawiresweredisconnectedfromthebox,the100-wattlampwouldgoout.Neitherofthecondensersorthe
60-wattlampontheprimarysideoftheboxwerenecessarybutweresimplyputontoshowthatthehighfrequencypowerwill
jumporpassthroughthecondensers...
Chapter5
Patents
[p.161]Theoriginalpatentapplicationwasfirstfiledin1931.Thisapplicationwasrejectedonanumberofbases.First(Figure
17), "Becausenomeanswasprovidedforcausingthecathodetoemitanappreciablenumberofelectrons,thecurrentproduced
inthecathodebytheantennawillnotheatthecathodetoatemperatureatwhichanappreciablenumberofelectronspersecond
areemitted" (Inotherwords,accordingtoThomasE.Robinson,CommissionerofPatents,asolidstatedevice,atransistor,
cannotpossiblework).Second,because"NonaturalsourceofelectricwaveenergyisknowntotheExaminerandproofofthe
existenceofsuchasourceisrequired".Inotherwords,itwasnotenoughforMoraytodemonstratetheeffectoftheenergy
source;healsohadtoidentifyit,whichhecouldnotdo...
[p.186]In1942,shortlyafterWorldWarIIbeganfortheUnitedStates,HenrymorayattemptedtorebuildaRadiantEnergy
Device,usingtheremainingbitofwhatwasknownasthe"SwedishStone".Thismaterial,whichwastheheartofhisoriginal
REdetector,hehadneverbeenabletoduplicate,andtheshortageofthismateriallimitedtheamountofpowerhecoulddraw.
Consequently,inthelargeunit,hedevelopedaseconddetectorthatforcedhimintoextensiveresearchinvolvingnuclear
materialsandradioactivereactions.HebecamedeeplyinvolvedinthestudyofsyntheticradioactivityasdescribedbyGustave
LeBoninhisbook,TheEvolutionofMatter
[p.188]TheyearsslippedbyandfromtimetotimeHenryandIwoulddiscusshisnotesandgooverthedrawings.Hespent
mostofhistime[ca.1950]workingonwhathecalledthe"counter-balance"toeliminatetheneedforanantenna...
[p.190]Infact,wehaverecentlybeeninformedthatnoneoftheoriginalpatentapplicationsthatHenrymadeareanylonger
availableattheUSPatentOffice.Althoughtheirfilejacketsarethere,thecontentsandapplicationsthemselvesaregone...
Chapter7
TheSea of EnergyinWhichthe EarthFloats*
[*NatureofWorld&ofMan,ChicagoInst.ofTechnology]
by
DrT.HenryMoray.S.Sc.
[ThiswastheoriginalChapter1inabookcalledBeyondtheLightRays,whichisout-of-printandnolongeravailable.Thelast
knowncopywasstolenfromDrmoray'slaboratory...]
ANewEraInEnergy:PowerfromtheCosmosandtheEarth.
DrNikolaTeslasaidover60yearsago:"Eremanygenerationspass,ourmachinerywillbedrivenbyapowerobtainableatany
pointiftheunivers...…throughoutspacethereisenergy.Isthisenergystaticorkinetic?Ifstaticourhopesareinvain;ifkinetic
---andthisweknowitis,forcertain---thenitisamerequestionoftimewhenmenwillsucceedinattachingtheirmachinery
totheverywheelworkofnature."**
[**NikolaTesla:ExperimentswithAlternatingCurrentsofHighPotential&HighFrequency,1904]
NikolaTeslawasnotreferringtoatomicornuclearenergy,buttotheenergywhichiscontinuallybombardingtheearthfrom
outerspace.
Enoughenergyiscomingtotheearthtolightover1.5million(1,693,600)100-wattlampsforeveryhumanbeingontheearth
today.Nofuelofanykindneedbetakenasadeadloadasthisenergycanbe"picked-up"directlybyoceanliners,railroads,
airplanes,automobiles,oranyformoftransportation.Heat,lightandpowercanbemadeavailableforuseinallkindsof
buildingsandforallkindsofmachinery.Anexamplewouldbetopumpwaterontothedesertlands,thepowersourcebeing
onlyafractionoftheweightofanysteamplantoranykindofengineinusetodayandallthisatafractionofthecurrentcost.
Awilddream?No!It'saprovenpracticalreality,ashundredsofpeopleknowwhohavewitnessedtheMorayRadiantEnergy
invention---poweredfromthecosmos.Thisiscosmicenergy.***
[***DrMoraywasnotreferringtoCosmicRays.Onemustreadfurtherandcontemplatehishypothesisregardingenergyfrom
withintheatom.]
Thetotalenergyinvolvedin"cosmic"radiationsisverylarge.Themechanismofitsgenerationinvolvesabasicrelationship
withthetotalstructureandactionoftheuniverse.Todayitisbelievedthatcosmicradiationconsistsprimarilyofprotonsand
someheaviernuclei.Attimesthiscosmicenergypacksawallopofaround100quadrillionvolts.Comingcontinuouslywith
slightvariationsintime,theradiationshaveauniformlydirectionalisotropy.
Theearthis,therefore,surroundedinanatmosphereofradiationwithcosmicrayscomingcontinuallytotheearthfromall
directions,althoughtheremaybeaslightdeflectionoftheweakerraysbytheearth'smagneticfield.Thereiseveryindication
thatoursunisnotthesourceofanyappreciableamountofthisradiation.Theorigin,therefore,isfromtheuniverseasawhole.
Thetotalenergyofcosmicradiationismorethantheentireluminousoutputofallthestarsandnebulaeoftheuniverse
combined.Unlimitedpowerisbeingdeliveredtoeveryone'sdoorstep.
TheMorayRadiantEnergydiscovery,usingradiationsfromthecosmosasitspowersource,givesthegreatestamountofenergy
perpoundofequipmentofanysystemknowntoman.Electricalpowerthroughanelectricmotororanelectricjetfarexceeds
anyformofenergyinanyengineinthedeliveryofpower.Thereisnodeadcenteroflostmotioninanelectricmotornorlossof
pushinanelectricjet.Also,thestartingtorqueismuchhigherintheelectricallypoweredenginethaninthecombustionengine.
Harnessingcosmicenergyisthemostpracticalmethodyetdiscoveredbyman.Furthermore,itispossibletoutilizethisvast
sourceofenergyfromtheuniversewithoutaprimemoveratanypointontheearth---ontheground,intheair,onthewater,
underthewater,orevenunderground.Ifoneconsidersthatanelectricalgeneratorisnotinthetruesenseagenerator---as
electricityisnotmadebythegenerator---butismerelyanelectricalpump,theMorayRadiantEnergydevicemaythenbe
referredtoasacosmicraypump:thatis,ahighspeedelectronoscillatorservingasadetectorofcosmicradiationswhichcauses
apumpingactionorsurgingwithinitscircuitry.
Toaccountforthepropagationofheatandlight---twooftheformsofRadiantEnergy---manhaspostulatedtheexistenceofa
mediumfillingallspace.But,thetransferenceoftheenergyofradiantheatandlightisnottheonlyevidenceinfavorofthe
existenceofsuchamedium.Electric,magnetic,andelectromagneticphenomenaandgravitationitselfpointinthesame
direction.
Attractionsandrepulsiontakeplacebetweenelectrifiedbodies,magnets,andcircuitsconveyingelectriccurrents.Largemasses
maybesetinmotioninthismanner,acquiringkineticenergy.Ifanelectriccurrentisstartedinanycircuit,corresponding
inducedcurrentsspringupinallverycloselyneighboringconductors.Tooriginateacurrentinanyconductorrequiresthe
expenditureofenergy.How,then,istheenergypropagatedfromthecircuittotheconductors?Ifwebelieveinthecontinuityof
thepropagationofenergy---thatis,iswebelievethatwhenitdisappearsatoneplaceandreappearsatanotheritmusthave
passedthroughtheinterveningspaceand,therefore,haveexistedtheresomehowinthemeantime---weareforcedtopostulatea
vehicleforitsconveyanceformplacetoplace.
Whenaparticleiselectrified,whatonemustfirstobserveisthatacertainamountofenergyhasbeenspent;workhasbeendone.
Theresultisanelectrifiedstateoftheparticle.Theprocessofelectrifyingaconductoris,therefore,thestoringofenergyinsome
wayinoraroundtheconductorinsomemedium.Theworkisspentinalteringthestateofthemedium,andwhentheparticleis
discharged,themediumreturnstoitsoriginalstate,andthestoreofenergyisdisengaged.Similarly,asupplyofenergyis
requiredtomaintainanelectriccurrent,andthephenomenonarisingfromthecurrentaremanifestationsofthepresenceofthis
energyinthemediumaroundthecircuit.Itusedtobethatanelectrifiedparticleorbodywassupposedtohavesomethingcalled
"electricity"residinguponitwhichcausedelectricalphenomena.Anelectriccurrentwasregardedasaflowofelectricity
travelingalongawire(forexample),andtheenergywhichappearedatanypartofacircuit(ifconsideredatall)wassupposed
tohavebeenconveyedalongthewirebythecurrent.But,theexistenceofinductionandelectromagneticinteractionsbetween
bodiessituatedatadistancefromeachotherleadsonetolookuponthemediumaroundtheconductorsasplayingavery
importantpartinthedevelopmentoftheseelectricalphenomena.Infact,itisthestorehouseoftheenergy.
ItisuponthisbasisthatMaxwellfoundedhistheoryofelectricityandmagnetism,anddeterminedthedistributionoftheenergy
inthevariouspartsofanelectricfieldintermsofelectricandmagneticforces*.Themediumaroundanelectrifiedbodyis
chargedwithenergyandnotofanimaginaryelectricfluiddistributedovertheelectrifiedbodyorconductor.Whenwespeakof
thechargeofanelectrifiedconductorwearereferringtothechargeofenergyinthemediumaroundit,andwhenwetalkofthe
electricfloworcurrentinthecircuitwearereferringtotheonlyflowweknowof,namely,theflowofenergythroughthe
electricfieldwithinthewire.
[*AtomicPhysics,PhysicsStaffUniversityofPittsburgh,2ndEdition,Ch.VIII,JohnWiley&Sons]
Theworkinproducingtheelectrificationofaconductorisspentonthemediumandstoredthere,probablyasenergyofmotion.
Todenotethisweshallsaythatthemediumaroundtheconductorispolarized,thiswordbeingemployedtodenotethatitsstate
orsomeofitspropertieshavebeenalteredinsomemannerandtoacertainextentdependingontheintensityofthecharge.If
thechargeisnegativethepolarizationisintheoppositesense,thetwobeingrelated,perhaps,likeright-handedandleft-handed
twistsorrotations.
Nowconsiderthecaseofabodychargedalternately,positivelyandnegativelyinrapidsuccession.Thepositivechargemeansa
positivepolarizationofthemedium,whichbeginsattheconductorandtravelsoutthroughspace.Whenthebodyisdischarged
themediumisoncemoresetfreeandresumesitsformercondition.Thenegativechargenowinducesamodificationofthe
mediumorpolarizationintheoppositesense.Theresultofalternatechargesofoppositesignisthatthemediumatanypoint
becomespolarizedalternatelyinoppositedirections,whilewavesofoppositepolarizationsarepropagatedthroughspace,each
carryingenergyderivedfromthesourceoragentsupplyingtheelectrification.Here,then,wehaveaperiodicdisturbanceof
somekingoccurringateachpoint,accompaniedbywavesofenergytravelingoutwardsfromtheconductor.
Thephenomenonofinterferenceleadstotheconclusionthatlightistheresultofperiodicdisturbancesorvibrationsofthe
medium,butastothenatureofthesevibrations,astotheexactnatureoftheperiodicchangesorwhatitisthatchangesthem,
wepossessnoknowledge.Weknowthatalternatingelectricchargesareaccompaniedbycorrespondingchangesofstateor
vibrationsofthemedium,andifthechargeisvariedperiodicallyandwithsufficientrapidity,wehaveavibrationateachpoint
analogousto,perhapsidenticalwith,thatwhichoccursinthepropagationoflight---acombinationofwaveandparticle
properties.Thisthenistheelectromagnetictheoryoftheluminousvibration.
Intheolderelastic-solidtheory,thelightvibrationsweresupposedtobeactualoscillationsoftheelementsormoleculesofthe
mediumabouttheirpositionsofrest,suchastakesplacewhenwavesoftransversedisturbancearepropagatedthroughanelastic
solid.Suchlimitationisunwarrantedtosomeextent,butonecannotaffordtoentirelydisregardtheparticletheoryoflighteither.
Acombinationofthetheorieshasmerit.Weknowthatthechange,disturbance,vibration,polarization,orwhateverwewishto
termit,isperiodicandtransversetothedirectionofpropagation.Theelectromagnetictheoryteachesusnothingfurtherastoits
nature,butratherassertsthatwhateverthechargemaybe,itisthesameinkindasthatwhichoccursinthemediumwhenthe
chargeofanelectrifiedbodyisalteredorreversed.Itreduceslightandheatwavestothesamecategoryaswavesofelectrical
polarization.Theonlyqualityofthelaterrequiredtoconstitutetheformerissufficientrapidityofalteration.Thesespeculations
weregiventhestrongestconfirmationbyexperimentsofProf.Hertzmanyyearsago.
Whenaresilientsubstanceissubjectedtostrainandthensetfree,oneoftwothingsmayhappen.Thesubstancemayslowly
recoverfromthestrainandgraduallyattainitsnaturalstate,ortheelasticrecoilmaycarryitpastitspositionofequilibriumand
causeittoexecuteaseriesofoscillations.Somethingofthesamesortmayalsooccurwhenanelectrifiedcapacitorisdischarged.
Inordinarylanguage,theremaybeacontinuousflowofelectricityinonedirectionuntilthedischargeiscompleted,oran
oscillatingdischargemayoccur.Thatis,thefirstflowmaybesucceededbyabackrush,asifthefirstdischargehadoverrunitself
andsomethinglikerecoilhadsetin.Thecapacitorthusbecomesmoreorlesschargedagainintheoppositesense,andasecond
dischargeoccurs,accompaniedbyasecondbackrush,theoscillationgoingonuntilalltheenergyiseithercompletelyradiatedor
usedupinheatingtheconductorsorperformingotherwork.
WhencapacitorsarefilledwithenergycapturedbytheMorayRadiantEnergydeviceandthendischargedthroughacircuitof
properimpedance,reactanceandinductance,therebysynchronizingtheoscillationofthedevicewiththoseoftheuniverse*,
electricalinertiaissetup.Inthereversalofthecurrent,thecapacitorsarecharged,dischargedandrechargedslowlyuntilthe
energystoredinthemisradiatedinkineticenergythroughthedevice,andthisenergycanbekeptaliveindefinitelyby
establishingresonancewiththeoscillationsoftheuniverse.
[*VeryoftenDrMorayinterchangedtheworduniversewithmatter.]
Consideringoscillationsfromamechanical,electricalandmathematicalpointofview,wefindthatelectricalresistanceisthe
sameasmechanicalfrictionandcurrentiscomparabletomechanicalvelocity.Inertiaandinductancemaythenbeconsidered
analogousterms.Inmechanicsthegreatertheinertiaofabody,thelongeritwillstayinmotion.IntheRadiantEnergydevice's
resistance-inductance-capacity(RECorRLC)circuit,thegreatertheelectricalinductance,thelongerthecurrentcontinuesto
flowonceitisestablishedbysynchronizationwithcosmicsurges.
Expressedmathematically,theequationsarethesameforelectricalormechanicalphenomena.Thatis,R<squareroot4L/C,
whereRistheresistanceinohms,Listheinductanceinhenries,andCisthecapacitanceinfarads.Whenthisistrue,an
oscillatorydischargewilloccurandaverypowerfulinductanceinertiawillassertitself.ForlowvaluesofR,thefrequencyofthe
oscillationscanbeshownbyf=1/2pisquarerootCL.Therapidityoftheoscillations'frequenciesaregovernedbythe
capacitanceandinductance.
Inthevibrationalforcesoftheuniverse,wefindthekeytothesourceofallenergy.Howwecanutilizethisenergyformodern
industrywithoutbeinglimitedtomechanicalprimemoversisthequestion.And,theanswermayinanenergygenerator,balanced
soastooscillateinsynchronizationwiththeoscillationsoftheuniverse.
DrRossGunn,acivilianscientistfortheUSNavy,statedyearsagothattheearthisahugegenerator,generatingover200
millionamperesofelectriccurrentcontinuously.Forexample,theauroraborealisisconsideredtobeaverylargedefinite
electricalphenomenonproducedbythepassageofelectricchargesthroughtherarifiedgasesofthehigheratmosphere.The
earthhassincebeenshown,byDrGunnandothers,tohaveanegativechargeamountingto400,00coulombs.Yet,sixfeet
abovethegroundtheairischargedwithmorethan200volts---positivewithrespecttotheground.
Itisknownthatairconductselectricityawayfromchargedobjects.Thisbeingtrue,howdoestheearth,achargedobjectand
exposedasitistothesurroundingatmosphere,maintainitscharge?Iftheairconductselectricity,theearth'schargemustbe
constantlypassingintotheatmosphere.Andithasbeencalculatedthattheearthhasacontinuousdischargeintotheatmosphere
of1800amperes.Atthisrate,theearthwouldlose90%ofitschargeintotheairinonehour,yettheearth'schargedoesnot
diminish.Wheredoestheearth'ssourceofenergycomefrom?
Theconversionofmattertoenergyinthestarsisaccepted,and,reasoningfromwhatoccursinradioactivedisintegrationduring
whichenergywaveareradiated,onemayconcludethatenergywavesofveryhighfrequencyaresentoutfromthestars(oneof
whichisoursun).Now,ofcourse,theconversionofenergyintomattermustequallybeaccepted.
Ithasbeenfoundthationization,whichcouldbethemediumfortheflowofenergy,increaseswithaltitudesinsteadof
decreasing.Sincethesourceofenergyistheuniverse,thegenerationofenergybyrotaryactionandbyallprimemoversisan
effectandnotacause.Oscillatoryenergyaction,beitinaLeydenjaroranotherman-madecapacitor,orinwhatwemaycall
naturalcapacitors,behavesthesame.Theoscillationswillcontinueuntiltheyhavereachtheircycleofheightandthenthere
willbeabackrushreturningtowheretheoscillationsoriginated.Everyoscillation,whetherlargeorsmall,iscompletedduring
thesameintervaloftime.Theseoscillationsallprovethesamegreatfact,thattheyaregovernedbythesamecycleoftime,
completedduringthesameintervaloftime.Wavesofenergyhavearegularbeatnote,comingandgoingasthewavesofthesea,
butinaverydefinitemathematicalorder---comingtotheearthfromeverydirectionwithadefiniterhythm.
Energyhasadefiniteelasticorresilientrigidityanddensity,whichissubjecttodisplacementandstrain.Whenstrainisremoved,
themediumwillspringbacktoitsoldpositionandbeyond,surgingbackandforth,andwillcontinuetooscillateuntilthe
originalpressureisusedup.Iftheinternalimpedanceistoogreat,therewillbenooscillations,butitwillmerelyslidebackina
deadbeattoitsunrestrainedstate.
BycuttingdownresistancetoaminimumandsynchronizingtheresilientionicactionsoftheMoraydevicewiththewaveactions
oftheuniverse,periodsofoscillationcanbemadetocomequickerandquickeruntilinertiaassertsitself,thuslengtheningout
thetimeoffinalrecovery.Thisisdonebycarryingtherecoilbeyondthenaturaloscillationsandprolongingthevibrationsby
capturingtheinoscillatoryaction.Whentherecoverybecomesdistinctlyoscillatory,aharmonicpatternisinitiatedandthe
oscillationscontinue,resonancetherebybeingestablishedwiththeuniverse.
Intheuniverseweseethesamelawsbeingobeyedasinourlaboratories.Asonetracesdowntothealmostinfinitesimal
constituentsoftheatom,onefindsthatmatterdoesnotexistatallastherealisticsubstancewhichwehavesupposedittobe.
Thereattheveryfoundation,itconsistsofnothingmorethanenergychargesemittedatvariouswavelengthsorfrequencies.Itis
becomingmoreandmorecertainthattheapparentcomplexityofnatureisduetoourlackofknowledge.And,asthepicture
unfolds,itpromisesamarveloussimplicity.
Oneofthemostmarvelousrelationshipsthathaseverbeenrevealedintheentirescienceofphysicsisthatbetweenlightand
electricityandtheexistenceofelectronicsinatomsofmatter.Knowingwhatwedoatthepresenttimewithregardtothe
structureofatoms,thisrelationshipisnotquitesosurprising.However,consideringthetotalabsenceofthisknowledgeabouta
halfcenturyago,thediscoverythatlight,andradiationingeneral,arevibratoryphenomenawasrevolutionary.
Speakingofradiation,Radiantheremeansproceedingfromacenterinstraightlinesineverydirection.Energyisinternaland
inherent."Energyisdefinedasaconditionofmatterinvirtueofwhichanydefiniteportionmayaffectchangesinanyother
definiteportion".Thiswaswrittenin1892,anddiscoveriessinceconfirmit.Energythenisastateofmatter,orrather,theresult
ofaparticularstateorconditioninwhichmattermaybewhenanyobservedphaseofenergyappears.
Inadditiontopossessingkineticenergy,theatomiscapableofabsorbingenergyinternally.Thisinternalenergyisassociated
withtheconfigurationoftheparticlesofwhichtheatomiscomposed.Underordinaryconditionsanatomisinwhatisknownas
astateofequilibriuminwhichthereisneitheragivingoffnorabsorbingofenergy.But,theinternalenergyoftheatomcanbe
altered.Whentheinternalenergyoftheatomexceedsthatofitsnormalstateitissaidtobeexcited.Excitationsmaybecaused
inseveralways,e.g.,thecollisionofanatomwithrapidlymovingpositiveornegativeparticlesorthebreakingoflinesofforce
inanelectromagneticgenerator.Kineticenergyisreleasedwhenexcitationcausesaparticletogiveupsomeorallofitskinetic
energytotheatomduringcollisions.Thisistakingplaceintheuniverseallthetime.
Theelectricmotorandgeneratorwouldneverhavebeendiscoveredifadielectric(insulation)hadnotbeendiscovered.Ifone
discoversadielectricvalvefortheenergyoftheuniverse,onehastheanswertoharnessingtheenergyoftheuniverse!A
limitingcaseofexcitationisionization,whereinenergyisabsorbedbytheatomsufficientlytoallowalooselyboundelectronto
leavetheatom,againsttheelectrostaticforceswhichtendtoholditwithintheatom.Anatomwhichhasgivenuponeormore
electronsissaidtobeionized.Itispossiblethationization,i.e.,excitation,maytakeplaceinsuccessivestepsthroughabsorption
ofquantaenergy.Thereturnofanionizedatomtoastateoflowerenergyisassociatedwithelectromagneticradiation.Also,
fromtheprocessofionization,electricalenergymaybecomeassociatedwiththevibrationalforcesoftheuniversecominginto
theearthascosmicradiation.Thehigherthefrequency,thegreatertheionizationorexcitation,aformofenergywhichiskinetic
innature.Therearetremendousenergiescomingtotheearthfromouterspace.Theseenergiesareonlydifferentmanifestations
oftheenergiesweseeinoperationallaroundus.Inmostcaseswearenotevenawareoftheirexistence."Theypenetrate
everythingincludingourownbodies.Everyoneofusisalivebyvirtueoftheseenergies.Everypartandparticleoftheuniverse