Table Of Content

Cover page Page: i Halftitle page Page: i Series page Page: ii Title page Page: xi Copyright page Page: xii Dedication page Page: xiii Acknowledgements Page: xv Contents Page: xvii List of illustrations Page: xix Preface to the second edition Page: xxi 1 ‘Race’ and racism: some conundrums Page: 1 2 Imperialism, genocide, and the ‘science’ of race Page: 10 1492 Page: 10 The ‘Indians’ discover Columbus Page: 11 Race, nature, and gender: the ambiguous legacy of the Enlightenment Page: 11 Racial classification and the Enlightenment Page: 12 Blackness, sexuality, and aesthetics Page: 13 The question of slavery Page: 16 The ‘science’ of race Page: 17 Science and pathology Page: 18 Race and nation Page: 19 Whiteness, blackness, and the promiscuity of ‘race’ Page: 20 ‘Internal’ racisms in Europe Page: 21 Race, class, gender, and empire Page: 22 Orientalism and race Page: 25 Eugenics, social Darwinism, and imperial racism Page: 26 Eugenics Page: 28 The lessons of the Holocaust Page: 30 3 The demise of scientific racism Page: 34 The fall of scientific racism Page: 36 ‘Cheddar Man’ and variation in skin colour and other features among humans Page: 39 ‘Race’, culture, and nation Page: 41 ‘Black’ and ‘white’ in America Page: 43 Race and health Page: 44 Defining ‘race’: is there a consensus that race is a social construct? Page: 47 4 Racialization, cultural racism, and religion Page: 50 The afterlife of ‘race’ Page: 50 Defining ‘race’ and ‘ethnicity’ in official discourses Page: 54 Race, ethnicity, and national statistics classifications in the UK Page: 57 Racism without ‘race’: initial explorations of ‘hard’, ‘deracialized’, and ‘new’ racism Page: 59 The rhetoric of racism and disavowal: the case of Enoch Powell Page: 60 The uses of racialization Page: 64 Racialization, power, and prejudice Page: 67 Cultural difference and the ‘new racism’ Page: 68 Race, cultural difference, and national identity: turning the tables on racism Page: 69 How ‘race’ can trump ‘culture’ Page: 73 Ambivalence and contradiction in racist and non-racist identities Page: 74 Racism and ethnocentrism as only ‘natural’ Page: 77 Is ‘cultural racism’ racist? Page: 78 ‘Islamophobia’ and cultural racism Page: 80 The ‘new antisemitism’ Page: 86 5 Structural racism and colourblind whiteness Page: 94 Structural and systemic racism Page: 94 Institutional racism Page: 96 Post-imperial panics: ethnic segregation and ‘race riots’ in 21st-century Britain Page: 102 Racial discrimination and ethnic inequalities in Britain Page: 103 Seeing but not being seen: the fact of whiteness Page: 106 The Gates affair Page: 109 Black and white in the USA: the social formation of whiteness and blackness Page: 114 Colourblind racism Page: 120 The election of Barack Obama Page: 125 6 Intersectionality and ‘implicit’ or ‘unconscious’ bias Page: 128 Intersectionality studies Page: 128 ‘Implicit’ and ‘unconscious’ bias Page: 134 7 The rise of right-wing national populism and the future of racism Page: 147 Debating the concept of ‘populism’ Page: 148 Right-wing populism_ a brief, selective survey of Europe in 2019 Page: 151 ‘The four Ds’ Page: 152 National populism and the future of racism Page: 156 References Page: 163 Further reading Page: 170 Publisher’s acknowledgements Page: 173 Index Page: 174

Description:

There is often a demand for a short, sharp definition of racism, for example as captured in the popular formula Power Prejudice= Racism. But in reality, racism is a complex, multidimensional phenomenon that cannot be captured by such definitions. In our world today there are a variety of racisms at play, and it is necessary to distinguish between issues such as individual prejudice, and systemic racisms which entrench racialiazed inequalities over time. This Very Short Introduction explores the history of racial ideas and a wide range of racisms - biological, cultural, colour-blind, and structural - and illuminates issues that have been the subject of recent debates. Is Islamophobia a form of racism? Is there a new antisemitism? Why has whiteness become an important source of debate? What is Intersectionality? What is unconscious or implicit bias, and what is its importance in understanding racial discrimination? Ali Rattansi tackles these questions, and also shows why African Americans and other ethnic minorities in the USA and Europe continue to suffer from discrimination today that results in ongoing disadvantage in these white dominant societies. Finally he explains why there has been a resurgence of national populist and far-right movements and explores their implications for the future of racism. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.