ebook img

Race Policy and Multiracial Americans PDF

245 Pages·2016·1.485 MB·English
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview Race Policy and Multiracial Americans

Edited by Kathleen Odell Korgen RACE POLICY AND MULTIRACIAL AMERICANS Edited by Kathleen Odell Korgen First published in Great Britain in 2016 by Policy Press North America office: University of Bristol Policy Press 1-9 Old Park Hill c/o The University of Chicago Press Bristol 1427 East 60th Street BS2 8BB Chicago, IL 60637, USA UK t: +1 773 702 7700 t: +44 (0)117 954 5940 f: +1 773-702-9756 [email protected] [email protected] www.policypress.co.uk www.press.uchicago.edu © Policy Press 2016 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book has been requested ISBN 978-1-4473-1650-3 paperback ISBN 978-1-4473-1645-9 hardcover ISBN 978-1-4473-1646-6 ePub ISBN 978-1-4473-1647-3 Mobi The right of Kathleen Odell Korgen to be identified as editor of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved: no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of Policy Press. The statements and opinions contained within this publication are solely those of the contributors and editor and not of the University of Bristol or Policy Press. The University of Bristol and Policy Press disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any material published in this publication. Policy Press works to counter discrimination on grounds of gender, race, disability, age and sexuality. Cover design by Soapbox Design, London Printed and bound in Great Britain by CMP, Poole Policy Press uses environmentally responsible print partners Contents List of figures and tables iv Author biographies v Introduction 1 Kathleen Odell Korgen One Multiracial Americans throughout the history of the US 13 Tyrone Nagai Two National and local structures of inequality: multiracial 29 groups’ profiles across the US Mary E. Campbell and Jessica M. Barron Three Latinos and multiracial America 51 Raúl Quiñones-Rosado Four The connections among racial identity, social class, and 67 public policy? Nikki Khanna Five Multiracial Americans and racial discrimination 81 Tina Fernandes Botts Six Should all (or some) multiracial Americans benefit from 101 affirmative action programs? Daniel N. Lipson Seven Multiracial students and educational policy 123 Rhina Fernandes Williams and E. Namisi Chilungu Eight Multiracial Americans in college 139 Marc P. Johnston-Guerrero and Kristen A. Renn Nine Multiracial Americans, health patterns, and health policy: 155 assessment and recommendations for ways forward Jenifer L. Bratter and Christa Mason Ten Racial identity among multiracial prisoners in the 173 color-blind era Gennifer Furst and Kathleen Odell Korgen Eleven Multiraciality and the racial order: the good, the bad, 191 and the ugly Hephzibah V. Strmic-Pawl and David L. Brunsma Twelve Multiracial identity and monoracial conflict: toward 207 a new social justice framework Andrew Jolivette Conclusion: Policies for a racially just society 221 Kathleen Odell Korgen Index 227 iii Race policy and multiracial Americans List of figures and tables Figures 2.1 American Community Survey questionnaire, 2011 32 2.2 Median household income for multiracial adults, divided 38 by city median household income, 2007–2011 ACS 2.3 Median household income for multiracial children, 40 divided by city median household income, 2007–2011 ACS 2.4 Foreign-born adults by multiracial groups and city, 41 2007–2011 ACS 2.5 Bilingual adults by multiracial groups and city, 42 2007–2011 ACS 2.6 Foreign-born children by multiracial groups and city, 43 2007–2011 ACS 2.7 Bilingual children by multiracial groups and city, 43 2007–2011 ACS 2.8 Adult college graduates (age 25+) by multiracial groups 44 and city, 2007–2011 ACS Tables I.1 Approval for interracial marriage 3 2.1 Average socio-economic characteristics of the 10 largest 34 multiracial groups: adults, 2007–2011 ACS, weighted 2.2 Average socio-economic characteristics of the 10 largest 36 multiracial groups: children, 2007–2011 ACS, weighted 9.1 Expected probabilities of health measures among 160 non-Hispanic US-born adults by race 10.1 Racial identity of first-generation multiracial descent 177 prisoners 10.2 Racial identity of multigenerational multiracial descent 178 prisoners iv Author biographies Jessica M. Barron is a postdoctoral fellow in the Social Science Research Institute at Duke University, Durham. Her research focuses on racial inequality and the dynamics of race in multiracial churches. Currently, she is examining multiracial segregation in US cities using newly refined versions of traditional segregation measures. Tina Fernandes Botts is a Visiting Assistant Professor & Consortium for Faculty Diversity at Liberal Arts Colleges Postdoctoral Fellow at Oberlin College. She is also chair of the American Philosophical Association’s (APA’s) Committee on the Status of Black Philosophers and the managing editor of the APA’s Newsletter on Philosophy and the Black Experience. Professor Botts is currently at work on two books: Philosophy and the mixed race experience and Race, Aristotle’s proportional equality and the equal protection clause. Jenifer L. Bratter is an Associate Professor of Sociology at Rice University and the director of the Program for the Study of Ethnicity Race and Culture. Professor Bratter’s research primarily focuses on the ways racial interactions in the realms of families and identities have implications for the ways racial disparities in health and poverty are captured and experienced Her work appears in in peer-reviewed journals and book chapters. David L. Brunsma is Professor of Sociology at Virginia Tech. He is author and/or editor of Beyond Black: biracial identity in America and Mixed messages: multiracial identities in the “colorblind” era, among others. He is Founding Co-Editor of the Section of Racial and Ethnic Minorities’ new journal Sociology of Race and Ethnicity at the American Sociological Association. He lives and loves with his wife Rachel, and his three kids, Karina, Thomas, and Henry in Blacksburg, VA. Mary E. Campbell is an Associate Professor of Sociology affiliated with the Race and Ethnic Studies Institute at Texas A&M University. Her work on racial identification and racial inequality has been funded by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Aging, and has appeared in journals such as the American Sociological Review, Ethnic and Racial Studies, and Social Problems. v Race policy and multiracial Americans E. Namisi Chilungu, PhD, is a Clinical Assistant Professor in the Department of Educational Psychology, Special Education, and Communication Disorders. She has a doctorate and master’s degree in Educational Psychology from the University at Buffalo. She is passionate about increasing quality access to education for all students, particularly students from marginalized populations or high-need communities. Gennifer Furst received her doctorate in Criminal Justice from CUNY Graduate Center/John Jay College. She is an Associate Professor at William Paterson University of New Jersey. Her research interests include incarceration and prison programs, particularly those involving animals. Marc P. Johnston-Guerrero is an Assistant Professor in the Higher Education and Student Affairs program, Department of Education Studies at The Ohio State University. His research interests focus on racial dynamics in US higher education, with specific attention to issues of multiraciality within understandings of campus climate and college student development. Andrew Jolivette is Professor and Chair of American Indian Studies at San Francisco State University. He is the author of several books and essays including Research justice: methodologies for social change (Policy Press, 2015) and Obama and the biracial factor: the battle for a new American majority (Policy Press, 2012). Nikki Khanna is Associate Professor of Sociology at the University of Vermont. Her areas of specialization are multiracial people and identity and, more recently, the role of race in adoption. She is the author of Biracial in America: forming and performing racial identity (Lexington Books, 2011). Kathleen Odell Korgen is Professor of Sociology at William Paterson University. She received her BA from the College of the Holy Cross and her PhD at Boston College. Kathleen, a public sociologist, specializes in race relations, racial identity, and inequality. Daniel N. Lipson, PhD, is an Associate Professor of Political Science at SUNY New Paltz. He earned his PhD in Political Science in 2002 at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His research focuses on the vi Author biographies legal and political battles over race-based affirmative action in higher education. Christa Mason, BA, graduated from Rice University in 2014, majoring in Sociology. She was accepted to The University of Texas at Arlington, where she will earn a Master of Science in Industrial/ Organizational Psychology. Tyrone Nagai is an Assistant Editor at Asian American Literary Review. He also served as Art Director of the Mixed-Race Initiative. Raúl Quiñones-Rosado, PhD, is a social justice educator, antiracism organizer, and Latino leadership coach. His book, Consciousness-in- action: toward an integral psychology of liberation & transformation, is used in academic programs in psychology, counseling, social work, and social justice education in the US and Latin America, as well as by political activists, community organizers, anti-oppression trainers, helping professionals, and others. He lives with his family in Cayey, Puerto Rico. Kristen A. Renn is Professor of Higher, Adult, and Lifelong Education at Michigan State University, where she also serves as Associate Dean of Undergraduate Studies and Director for Student Success Initiatives. Her research focuses on college student identities, development, and success. Hephzibah V. Strmic-Pawl is an Assistant Professor of Sociology at Manhattanville College. Her teaching and research interests center on race, racism, and social inequality, with a particular focus on multiracialism. Strmic-Pawl’s forthcoming book is a comparative analysis of how Asian–White people’s and Black–White people’s racial identity and opportunities are differentially shaped by the hegemony of the US racial hierarchy. Rhina Fernandes Williams specializes in critical pedagogy, teacher development, and multicultural education, with a special interest in education for social justice. She is currently a faculty member in the Department of Early Childhood and Elementary Education at Georgia State University in Atlanta. vii Introduction Kathleen Odell Korgen This is a book about a controversial topic—race policy and multiracial Americans. Simply mentioning the term “multiracial” can draw strong reactions among social commentators and scholars today. As Rainier Spencer (2014: 166) puts it: [some] argue that multiracial identity has the potential to undo race in the United States as long as it attends to social justice and does not present itself as a racially superior category, while other scholars contend that multiracial identity is supportive of White supremacy and is a throwback to earlier, simplistic, and racist conceptualizations of the American mulatto. Many civil rights groups, including the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the Urban League, view the creation of a multiracial category (and its support by opponents of civil rights and affirmative action policies such as Newt Gingrich) as a potential threat to race policies established to protect and assist monoracial racial minorities. On the other hand, many multiracial organizations and advocates for a multiracial category within the US Census and other demographic instruments understand the need to address racial discrimination but also “believe in an all-inclusive society, where all individuals are afforded the dignity and autonomy to identify themselves in the ways they believe represent them” (Swirl, no date [a]: para 3). They aim to “create supportive and inclusive communities for all people” (MAVIN, 2014: paras 2, 4) and “have created a home for those who refuse to be boxed into ‘choosing just one’” (Swirl, no date[b]: para 2). While acknowledging and working to combat all acts of racism in society, they aim a spotlight on racial issues that impact multiracial persons because of their mixed heritage. The acknowledgment of persons who identify as multiracial and the issues related to them are the foci of the newly recognized field of critical mixed race (CMR) studies. While building on the work of critical race and ethnic studies, CMR scholars “place mixed race at the critical center of focus” (Daniel, 2014: 1). CMR scholars both stress the social construction of racial categories “that are continuously 1

See more

The list of books you might like

Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.