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Race and Identity in D. H. Lawrence: Indians, Gypsies, and Jews PDF

304 Pages·2014·2.758 MB·English
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Race and Identity in D. H. Lawrence Also by Judith Ruderman JOSEPH HELLER WILLIAM STYRON D. H. LAWRENCE AND THE DEVOURING MOTHER: The Search for a Patriarchal Ideal of Leadership Race and Identity in D. H. Lawrence Indians, Gypsies, and Jews Judith Ruderman Duke University, USA © Judith Ruderman 2014 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2014 978-1-137-39882-6 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6 –1 0 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted her right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2014 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-48558-1 ISBN 978-1-137-39883-3 (eBook) DOI. 10.1057/9781137398833 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Typeset by MPS Limited, Chennai, India. To my family This page intentionally left blank Contents Acknowledgments viii List of Abbreviations x 1 Introduction: D. H. Lawrence and the Racial Other 1 2 Lawrence and the ‘Jewish Problem’: Reflections on a Self- Confessed ‘Hebrophobe’ 21 3 An ‘Englishman at Heart’? Lawrence, the Jews, and the National Identity Debates 45 4 ‘Doing a Zion Stunt’: Lawrence in his Land(s) of Milk and Honey 70 5 Lawrence and the Indian: Apprehending ‘Culture’ in the American Southwest 89 6 Lawrence’s Caravan of Gypsy Identities 124 7 (Ad)dressing Identity: Clothing as Artifice and Authenticity 149 8 Cleanliness and Fitness: The Role of the Racial Other in Conceptions of Health 170 9 Crossing or Enforcing the Border: Purity, Hybridity, and the Concept of Race 191 Appendix. Race vs. Ethnicity: The Case of the Gypsies 205 Notes 208 Bibliography 262 Index 276 vii Acknowledgments I am indebted to the work of the many D. H. Lawrence scholars world- wide who have maintained an allegiance to Lawrence through his years of marginalization in academe. Their publications and presentations have enriched the field of Lawrence studies, and I have learned much from them. These scholars are too numerous to name, but I hope they know that their colleagueship across great distances has been for me an invaluable source of encouragement and gratification. Special thanks go to all the editors of the more than 45 volumes of the authoritative Cambridge University Press editions of Lawrence’s works and letters – a massive undertaking – as well as to John Worthen, David Ellis, and the late Mark Kinkead- Weekes for their r ichly- detailed, three- volume Cambridge biography. These scholarly editions have greatly aided all researchers in Lawrence studies. I also thank the anonymous readers of my manuscript, whose comments and criticisms led to a better book than I could have produced without their critical eye. Special recognition must be accorded to the late James C. Cowan, foundi ng editor of the D. H. Lawrence Review, who turned down my first submission in the 1970s but generously sent a comprehensive response about how I could improve the paper and resubmit. Jim was unfailingly supportive of my work, as he was to other Lawrence scholars and would- be scholars over many years – not only in his efforts for the Review but also by his co- founding of the D. H. Lawrence Society of North America. We all owe him a debt. Closer to home, I salute the many librarians at the Duke University Libraries whose unfailing assistance enabled my research for this book; I am lucky to be at an institution with such dedicated and gracious professionals. As well, Deborah Jakubs, director of the Libraries, granted me the use of a comfortable carrel in which to write, after my retirement as Vice Provost at Duke University. The two Duke Provosts with whom I had the honor to work, John Strohbehn and Peter Lange, supported my attendance at international D. H. Lawrence conferences, where I was able to test my ideas in front of a community of scholars. I appre- ciate that support as well as the collegial environment in administration that they fostered, and that I enjoyed for so many years as Vice Provost. Finally I thank the generations of Duke University undergraduates who have joined me in the study of D. H. Lawrence, and who have viii Acknowledgments ix grappled as I have with the complexity of Lawrence’s ideas and attitudes. Their openness and intelligence have never failed to inspire. Earlier versions of Chapters 2, 3, 4, and 6 appeared, respectively, in the D. H. Lawrence Review 23 (Summer/Fall1991); D. H. Lawrence: New Worlds, ed. Keith Cushman and Earl Ingersoll (Fairleigh Dickinson Press, 2003); D. H. Lawrence: History, Literature, Culture, ed. Michael Bell, Keith Cushman, Takeo Iida, and Hiro Tateishi (K okusho- KankoKai Press, 2005); and ‘Terra Incognita’: Lawrence at the Frontiers, ed. V. Hyde and E. Ingersoll (Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2010).

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