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2956_FM_i-xxii 29/01/14 11:54 AM Page i Quick Review Cards for Medical Laboratory Science Second Edition Valerie Dietz Polansky, MEd, MLS(ASCP)CM Program Director Medical Laboratory Technology Program St. Petersburg College St. Petersburg, Florida 2956_FM_i-xxii 29/01/14 11:54 AM Page ii F. A. Davis Company 1915 Arch Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 www.fadavis.com Copyright © 2014 by F. A. Davis Company Copyright © 2014 by F. A. Davis Company. All rights reserved. This product is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America Last digit indicates print number: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Senior Acquisitions Editor: Christa Fratantoro Developmental Editor: Angela Norton Manager of Content Development: George Lang Design and Illustration Manager:Carolyn O’Brien As new scientific information becomes available through basic and clinical research, recommended treatments and drug therapies undergo changes. The author(s) and publisher have done everything possible to make this book accurate, up to date, and in accord with accepted standards at the time of publication. The author(s), editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for consequences from application of the book, and make no warranty, expressed or implied, in regard to the contents of the book. Any practice described in this book should be applied by the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used in regard to the unique circumstances that may apply in each situation. The reader is advised always to check product information (package inserts) for changes and new information regarding dose and contraindications before administering any drug. Caution is especially urged when using new or infrequently ordered drugs. ISBN: 978-0-8036-2956-1 Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by F. A. Davis Company for users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service, provided that the fee of $.25 per copy is paid directly to CCC, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. For those organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. The fee code for users of the Transactional Reporting Service is: 978080362956-1/14 0 + $.25. 2956_FM_i-xxii 29/01/14 11:54 AM Page iii Dedicated to my husband, Gary, for his support and encouragement through another long project, and in loving memory of my parents, Bill and Lee Dietz, who provided me with the education that was the foundation of my career. 2956_FM_i-xxii 29/01/14 11:54 AM Page iv 2956_FM_i-xxii 29/01/14 11:54 AM Page v Preface v Quick Review Cards for Medical Laboratory Science were No review of this type can include all topics. This review developed as a study aid to improve student performance focuses on common procedures and disorders, other on Board examinations in medical laboratory science knowledge that entry-level laboratory professionals are ex- (medical technology) at both the technician and technol- pected to have, and topics that are frequently included on ogist levels. (Technician candidates may skip the section Board exams. The review cards are written in an informal on management and education.) note-taking style, using abbreviations, symbols, and short This card deck is the product of more than 30 years of phrases to maximize the amount of information included. experience teaching hundreds of students who have suc- A list of abbreviations is found in the frontmatter. cessfully passed Board examinations at both levels. The New to the second edition are a chapter on molecular card format allows for easy sorting and portability, making diagnostics and graphics for select topics. Space did not them ideal for quick reviews and last-minute studying. Use allow for inclusion of drawings of all cells/organisms. Stu- of these cards alone, however, does not guarantee a pass- dents are encouraged to refer to textbooks to supplement ing score; they are intended to be used as an adjunct to their review with additional pictures and diagrams. Further traditional textbooks. Students are encouraged to high- benefit could be derived from making their own drawings, light unfamiliar information and to refer to textbooks and diagrams, and flow charts. Active and frequent review will class notes to supplement their study of those topics. The lead to higher scores. use of a multiple-choice review book and practice exams Every effort was made to ensure the accuracy of the also will help to round out a student’s preparation for the content. In some cases, discrepancies were found within Board exam. and among references; then information was either se- The review cards will also be beneficial to MSL and MLT lected from the most recent publication or confirmed in students before graduation as they prepare for course exam- another source. Please let the publisher know if you have inations. Professionals who are cross-training or reentering suggestions for improving future editions. the workplace will find these cards useful as well. 2956_FM_i-xxii 29/01/14 11:54 AM Page vi 2956_FM_i-xxii 29/01/14 11:54 AM Page vii Bibliography vii Arneson, W., & Brickell, J. Clinical Harmening, D. M., Laboratory Manage- McKenzie, S. B., & Williams, J. L. Clinical Chemistry A Laboratory Perspective. ment Principles and Processes Laboratory Hematology. Upper Saddle Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis, 2007. (2nd ed.). St. Petersburg, FL: D. H. River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2010. Bishop, M. L., Fody, E. P., & Schoeff, L. E. Publishing & Consulting, 2007. Mundt, L. A., & Shanahan, K. Graff’s Text- Clinical Chemistry: Principles, Procedures, Harmening, D. M., Modern Blood Banking book of Urinalysis and Body Fluids Correlations (6th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: and Transfusion Practices (6th ed.). (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010. Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis, 2012. Williams & Wilkins, 2011. Bruns, D. E., Ashwood, E. R., & Burtis, C. Kern, M. E. & Blevins, K. S. Medical Mycol- Quinley, E. D. Immunohematology A. Fundamentals of Molecular ogy, A Self-Instructional Text (2nd ed.). Principles & Practice (3rd ed.). Diagnostics. St. Louis, MO: Saunders Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis, 1997. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Elsevier, 2007. Kiser, K. M., Payne, W. C., & Taff, T. A. Williams & Wilkins, 2011. Buckingham, L. & Flaws, M. L. Molecular Clinical Laboratory Microbiology A Rodak, B. F., Fritsma, G. A., & Koehane, E. Diagnostics Fundamentals, Methods, Practical Approach. Upper Saddle M. Hematology Clinical Principles and & Clinical Applications. Philadelphia, River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2011. Applications (4th ed.). St. Louis, MO: PA: F.A. Davis, 2007. Leventhal, R., & Cheadle, R.F. Medical Elsevier Saunders, 2012. Ciesla, B., Hematology in Practice Parasitology: A Self-Instructional Text Standards for Blood Banks and Transfusion (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis, Services (27th ed.). Bethesda: American Company, 2012. 2002. Association of Blood Banks, 2011. Harmening, D. M., Clinical Hematol- Mahon, C. R., Lehman, D. C., & Stevens, C. D. Clinical Immunology ogy and Fundamentals of Hemosta- Manuselis, G. Textbook of Diagnostic and Serology: A Laboratory Perspec- sis (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Microbiology (4th ed.). Philadelphia, tive (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis, 2009. PA: W B. Saunders, 2011. F.A. Davis, 2010. continued... 2956_FM_i-xxii 29/01/14 11:54 AM Page viii Bibliographycontinued viii Strasinger, S. K., & Di Lorenzo, M. S. Technical Manual (17th ed.). Bethesda: Turgeon, M. L. Immunology & The Phlebotomy Textbook (3rd ed.). American Association of Blood Serology in Laboratory Medicine Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis, 2011. Banks, 2011. (4th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby Strasinger, S. K., & Di Lorenzo, M. S., Turgeon, M. L. Clinical Hematology Elsevier, 2009. Urinalysis and Body Fluids (5th ed.). Theory and Procedures (5th ed.). Turgeon, M. L. Linne & Ringsrud’s Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis, 2008. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Clinical Laboratory Science (5th ed.). Sunheimer, R. L., & Graves, L. Clinical Williams & Wilkins, 2012. St. Louis, MO: Mosby Elsevier, 2007. Laboratory Chemistry. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2011. 2956_FM_i-xxii 29/01/14 11:54 AM Page ix Reviewers ix Eileen Carreiro-Lewandowski, CLS Andrea R. Hoffmann, MT(ASCP)CM Sonja Nehr-Kanet, MS, MLS(ASCP)CM Professor Instructor Clinical Associate Professor University of Massachusetts Delgado Community College Idaho State University Dartmouth, Massachusetts New Orleans, Louisiana Meridian, Idaho Terry Dunkel, MS, MT(ASCP) Stephen M. Johnson, MS, MT(ASCP) Maura Pieretti, PhD, HCLD Program Director, Assistant Professor Program Director Scientific Director Presentation College Saint Vincent Health Center, BayCare Laboratories Aberdeen, South Dakota Erie, Pennsylvania Tampa, Florida Kathleen Engelmann, PhD, MLS(ASCP) Kathy Kenwright, MS, MT(ASCP)SI, MB Ellen F. Romani, MHSA, MLS(ASCP)CM, Associate Professor Associate Professor BB, DLM University of Bridgeport University of Tennessee Health Department Chair Bridgeport, Connecticut Science Center Spartanburg Community College David M. Falleur, Med, MT(ASCP), CLS Memphis, Tennessee Spartanburg, South Carolina Chair, Associate Professor Kristi Lew, BSc (MLS), MSc, MLT, Anchalee D. Steele, MT(ASCP) Southwest Texas State University MLS(ASCP)CM Program Director San Marcos, Texas Assistant Professor Spencerian College Abraham Furman, PhD University of Alberta Lexington, Kentucky Associate Professor Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Amy Sutton, BS, MT(ASCP) Oregon Institute of Technology Amy M. McCarty, MA, BS(ASCP) Laboratory Supervisor Klamath Falls, Oregon Program Director Schryver Medical Michelle L. Gagan, MSHS, MLS(ASCP) Washington Hospital Center Phoenix, Arizona Education Coordinator Washington, DC York Technical College Rock Hill, South Carolina