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Queer Social Movements and Activism in Indonesia and Malaysia Jón Ingvar Kjaran · Mohammad Naeimi Queer Social Movements and Activism in Indonesia and Malaysia Jón Ingvar Kjaran • Mohammad Naeimi Queer Social Movements and Activism in Indonesia and Malaysia Jón Ingvar Kjaran Mohammad Naeimi School of Education School of Education University of Iceland University of Iceland Reykjavik, Iceland Reykjavík, Iceland ISBN 978-3-031-15808-7 ISBN 978-3-031-15809-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15809-4 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover illustration: © Delphotos / Alamy Stock Photo This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland We dedicate the book to every queer activist who creates an affective community of knowledge and care. A cknowledgment We would like to express our gratitude to the many people who saw us through this book; to all those who provided support, talked things over, read, wrote, offered comments, allowed us to quote their remarks, and assisted in the editing, proofreading, and design. I would especially like to thank our interlocutors and friends in Indonesia and Malaysia that gave insight into the workings and dynamics of local queer activism and shared their stories with us. We dedicate this book to them—it is based on their stories and what we learned from them. We also wish to personally thank the following people for their contributions to our inspiration and knowledge and other help in creating this book: Professor emerita Guðrún Kristinsdóttir for a constructive feedback with regard to some chapters, Karen Jordan for proofreading the book at different stages, and café Babalú in Reykjavík (Iceland) for tolerating our long sessions discussing different aspects and writing the book. And last but not least, the first author expresses his gratitude to the field, Indonesia and Malaysia, and its people who embraced him with open arms, especially the queer community and his gay/queer friends there, and who made him feel at home during the fieldwork. vii c ontents 1 Introduction: Queer Activism and the Politics of Sexuality and Gender in Indonesia and Malaysia 1 Part I 23 2 An Assemblage of Theories in Understanding Social and Queer Activism 25 3 Marginal Militants: Queer Reclaiming, Politics, and Activism in the Global North 49 4 Politics of Modernity: Hybridity, Sexual Politics, and Queer Movements in the Global South 73 Part II 103 5 Politics of Doors: Queer Activism in Malaysia as Technologies of the Self 105 6 Politics of (Un)Intelligibility: Trans*Activism in Indonesia 133 ix x CoNTENTS 7 Politics of Reorientations: HIV/AIDS Activism in Indonesia 161 8 Conclusion: Queer Activism as Will to Knowledge 193 Index 199 l f ist of igures Fig. 5.1 In between spaces—connectivity of stairways 107 Fig. 7.1 An HIV_AIDS campaign poster in the front of the entrance to a Puskesmas clinic 172 xi l t ist of Ables Table 7.1 Country facts on HIV/AIDS in Indonesia, Thailand, and Malaysia (2019–2020) 167 Table 7.2 Poster campaign in relation to the international AIDS/HIV day 2021 184 xiii