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Series ISSN: 1945-9726 L Series ISSeSrNie:s 1I9S4S5N-9: 1792465-9726 LA L M AN A MM SYNTHESIS LECTURES ON NZZA NZ &C Morgan & Claypool Publishers SYNSTYHNTEHSIES SLISE LCTEUCRTEUSR EOSN ON AG A &&CCMoMrogragna & n C & l Caylpaoypoolo Plu Pbulibslhisehrsers QUANTUM COMPUTING GO G QUQANUTAUNMTU CMO CMOPMUTPIUNTGING ORRT OR TA T A A Series Editors: Marco Lanzagorta, ITT Exelis SerieSs eErideist oErds:itoMrsa:rcMo Laracnoz Lagaonrztaag, oITrtTa, EITxTeli Es xelis Jeffrey Uhlmann, University of Missouri, Columbia Quantum Radar JeffreJye fUfrhelym Uahnlnm, Uannniv, Uernsiitvye orfs iMty iosfs oMuriis,s Couorliu, mCboilaumbia QQuaunatnutmum R Radaadrar Quantum Radar QuQanutaunmtu Rma Rdaardar Marco Lanzagorta, ITT Exelis MarcMo Laracnoz aLgaonrztaag, IoTrtTa , EITxeTli sExelis This book offers a concise review of quantum radar theory. Our approach is pedagogical, making This bTohoiks obfofoerks oaf fceorns cai sceo rnecviiseew r eovfi eqwu aonft uqmua nratdumar trhadeoarr yt.h Oeourry .a Oppurro aacphp rios apcehd iasg poegdicaaglo, mgicaakli,n mgaking emphasis on the physics behind the operation of a hypothetical quantum radar. We concentrate our emphaesmisp ohna stihse o pnh tyhseic ps hbyeshicins db ethhien odp tehrea toiopne roaft iao nh yopf oat hheytpicoathl qetuiacnalt uqmua nratduamr. rWadea cr.o Wncee ncotrnactee noturarte our discussion on the two major models proposed to date: interferometric quantum radar and quantum discusdsiioscnu ossni otnh eo tnw toh em tawjoor mmaojodre lms pordoeplso sperdo ptoo sdeadt eto: idnateterf: eirnotmerefetrroicm qeutarnict uqmua nratduamr arandda qr uaanndt uqmuantum illumination. In addition, this book offers some new results, including an analytical study of quantum illuminilalutimonin. aInti oand.d Iinti oand,d tihtiiosn b, otohkis obfofeorks osoffmeres nsoemw er enseuwlt sr, eisnuclltusd, iinncgl uadni nanga alnyt iacnaal lsyttuicdayl ostfu qduya onft uqmuantum interferometry in the X-band radar region with a variety of atmospheric conditions, a derivation of Q interfeirnotmerefetrroy mine ttrhye iXn -tbhaen Xd- rbaadnadr rreagdiaorn r ewgiitohn a w viatrhi eat yv aorfi eattym oofs apthmeroiscp choenrdici tcioonnds,i tai odnesr,i vaa dtieorniv oaftion of QU Q a quantum radar equation, and a discussion of quantum radar jamming. UA U a quanat uqmua nratduamr eraqduaart ieoqnu, aatniodn a, adnisdc uas dsiioscnu ossf iqouna onft uqmua nratduamr jraamdamr ijnamg.ming. AN A This book assumes the reader is familiar with the basic principles of non-relativistic quantum NT N This bTohoiks absosoukm aesss uthmee rse athdee rr eisa dfaemr iisl iafarm wiiltihar twheit hb atshice pbraisnicc ipprleins coifp lneos no-fr enloanti-vriestlaict iqviusatinct uqmuantum TU T mechanics, special relativity, and classical electrodynamics. Our discussion of quantum electrody- UM U mechamnieccsh, asnpieccsi,a sl preeclaiatilv rietyla, tainvidt yc, laanssdi ccalla sesleiccatlr oedleycntaromdiycns.a Omiucrs .d Oiscuurs dsiioscnu ossfi oqnu aonft uqmua nelteucmtr oedleyc-trody- M R M namics and its application to quantum radar is brief, but all the relevant equations are presented in RA R namthiecn st aeamxntdi. c Iisnt sa anaddpd piitltisico aanpt,i potlhnice ta ortei qoadnuea trno ti suq mnuao nrta trdueamqru iirsra edbdar irte oifs , h bbaurvitee afa,l nlb ytuh tse pa erllec ltieahvleiaz nreetdl ee kvqnaunoawtt ieoleqndusga aetri ooe nnp src ealasresesn pitcreaedls erianndteadr in AD A the textht. eI nte axdt.d Iinti oadnd, tihtieo nre, athdee rr eisa dneort irse qnuoitr eredq tuoi rhedav teo a hnayv sep aencyia slipzeecdi aklinzoewd lkendogew olend gcela ossnic calla rsasidcaarl radar DA D Marco Lanzagorta theory. AR A MaMrcaor cLoa Lnzaangzoargtoarta theoryt.heory. R R About Morgan & Claypool Publishers AbouAbto Muotr Mgoanrg &a nCl &a yCploaoyplo Poulb lPiushbleirsshers M This volume is a printed version of a work that appears in Synthesis, the MO M This voTlhuims ev oislu am per iins tae dp rvienrtseido nv eorfs iao nw oorfk a t whaotr ka ptpheaat rasp ipne Sarysn itnh eSsyisn, tthheesis, the OR O Digital Library of Engineering and Computer Science. Synthesis Lectures RG R DigpirtoavDl iLdiegib ictroaanlr cLyi sioebf,r Eoarrniygg ioinnfa eEle pnrrigenisgne enaetnraditni Cogno asm nopdf u iCmteoprm oSprctuiaetnnetrc erSe. cs ieSeaynrnccheth. a eSnsdyisn dLteheveecsltiousp rLemseecnttures GA G providep croovnicdiese c, oonricgisine,a ol rpirgeisneanl tparteiosenns toaft iiomnps oorft iamntp roersteaanrtc hre asenadr cdhe vaenldo pdmeveenlotpment AN A topics, published quickly, in digital and print formats. For more information N& N topics, tpoupbicliss,h peudb qliushicekdl yq, uinic dkilgy,i tianl daingdit palr ianntd f oprrminatt fso. rFmora tms. oFroe ri nmfoorrme iantfioonrmation visit synthesis.morganclaypool.com &C & visit syvnitshite ssyisn.mthoersgisa.nmcolarygpaonoclla.cyopmool.com CL C SYNTHESIS LECTURES ON ISBN: 978-1-60845-826-4 LA L SYNSTYHNTEHSIES SLISE LCTEUCRTEUSR EOSN ON MMoroMgroagrnag &n a &nC l &C a lyCaplyoapyooploo lPo uPlbu PlbuilsbihslehisrehsresrsISBN: I9S7B8N-:1 -967088-415-9-608090280064-50094-00800206-04 AYPYPO AYP QQUQUANAUNTAUNTUMTMU CM CO COMMOPMUPUTPITUNITNGIGNG www.morganclaypool.com OO O 9 781608 458264 wwww.mwowr.gmaonrcglaanypcloaoylp.coooml.com 9 7819607881465088264458264 OL O Marco Lanzagorta & Jeffrey Uhlmann, Series Editors L L MarcMo aLracno zLaganorztaag &or tJae f&fr eJeyf Ufrehylm Uahnlnm, aSnerni,e sS eErdieist oErsditors Quantum Radar Synthesis Lectures on Quantum Computing Editors MarcoLanzagorta,ITTExelis JeffreyUhlmann,UniversityofMissouri–Columbia QuantumRadar MarcoLanzagorta 2011 TheComplexityofNoise:APhilosophicalOutlookonQuantumErrorCorrection AmitHagar 2010 BroadbandQuantumCryptography DanielJ.Rogers 2010 QuantumComputerScience MarcoLanzagortaandJeffreyUhlmann 2008 QuantumWalksforComputerScientists SalvadorElíasVenegas-Andraca 2008 Copyright© 2012byMorgan&Claypool Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedin anyformorbyanymeans—electronic,mechanical,photocopy,recording,oranyotherexceptforbriefquotationsin printedreviews,withoutthepriorpermissionofthepublisher. QuantumRadar MarcoLanzagorta www.morganclaypool.com ISBN:9781608458264 paperback ISBN:9781608458271 ebook DOI10.2200/S00384ED1V01Y201110QMC005 APublicationintheMorgan&ClaypoolPublishersseries SYNTHESISLECTURESONQUANTUMCOMPUTING Lecture#5 SeriesEditors:MarcoLanzagorta,ITTExelis JeffreyUhlmann,UniversityofMissouri–Columbia SeriesISSN SynthesisLecturesonQuantumComputing Print1945-9726 Electronic1945-9734 Quantum Radar Marco Lanzagorta ITTExelis SYNTHESISLECTURESONQUANTUMCOMPUTING#5 M &C Morgan &cLaypool publishers ABSTRACT This book offers a concise review of quantum radar theory.Our approach is pedagogical,making emphasisonthephysicsbehindtheoperationofahypotheticalquantumradar.Weconcentrateour discussiononthetwomajormodelsproposedtodate:interferometricquantumradarandquantum illumination.Inaddition,thisbookofferssomenewresults,includingananalyticalstudyofquantum interferometryintheX-bandradarregionwithavarietyofatmosphericconditions,aderivationof aquantumradarequation,andadiscussionofquantumradarjamming. Thisbookassumesthereaderisfamiliarwiththebasicprinciplesofnon-relativisticquantum mechanics,special relativity,and classical electrodynamics.Our discussion of quantum electrody- namicsanditsapplicationtoquantumradarisbrief,butalltherelevantequationsarepresentedin thetext.Inaddition,thereaderisnotrequiredtohaveanyspecializedknowledgeonclassicalradar theory. KEYWORDS radar,quantumradar,quantuminformation,quantumsensors,quantumelectrodynam- ics,quantumoptics,classicalelectrodynamics,radarcrosssections To family: Michelle,my sweetheart,the rarest of all beauties. Angelina,my loving mother. Mary,my favorite Mamie. Oscar,Toby,Benny,and Hugo,my furry sons who bring inspiration,joy,and excitement to my life. Be kind,adopt a shelter pet.