Quantifying morphology and physiology of the human body using MRI

513 Pages·2013·77.289 MB·English

by  L. Tugan Muftuler, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin

Biomedical Engineering
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In the medical imaging field, clinicians and researchers are increasingly et
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quantitative evaluation of digital images since the quantitative techniques y
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by providing objective criteria. Despite this growing interest, the field lacks
a comprehensive body of knowledge. Filling the need for a complete ag
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Physiology of the Human Body Using MRI presents a wide range of

quantitative MRI techniques to study the morphology and physiology of Bo
the whole body, from the brain to musculoskeletal systems. or
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an indispensable reference for readers who would like to explore in vivo o
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MRI techniques to quantify changes in the morphology and physiology
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book goes beyond conventional MRI contrast mechanisms to include
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new techniques that measure electromagnetic and mechanical properties

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Each chapter offers comprehensive information on data acquisition, d
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processing, and analysis techniques as well as clinical applications. The
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brain or the body. Some of the techniques, such as diffusion-weighted
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including brain imaging, cancer imaging, and musculoskeletal imaging.
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The book also covers up-and-coming quantitative techniques that explore
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tissue properties other than the presence of protons (or other MRI-
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novel techniques provide unique information about the electromagnetic
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and mechanical properties of tissues and introduce new frontiers of study
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K12423
ISBN: 978-1-4398-5265-1
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9 781439 852651

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Quantifying Morphology
and Physiology of the
Human Body Using MRI
Series in Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering
Series Editors: John G Webster, Alisa Walz-Flannigan, Slavik Tabakov,
and Kwan-Hoong Ng
Other recent books in the series:
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Webb’s Physics of Medical Imaging, Second Edition
Ihtesham ur Rehman, Zanyar Movasaghi, and Shazza Rehman
Correction Techniques in Emission Tomography
Mohammad Dawood, Xiaoyi Jiang, and Klaus Schäfers (Eds)
Physiology, Biophysics, and Biomedical Engineering
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Proton Therapy Physics
Harald Paganetti (Ed)
Correction Techniques in Emission Tomography
Mohammad Dawood, Xiaoyi Jiang, Klaus Schäfers (Eds)
Practical Biomedical Signal Analysis Using MATLAB®
K J Blinowska and J Żygierewicz (Ed)
Physics for Diagnostic Radiology, Third Edition
P P Dendy and B Heaton (Eds)
Nuclear Medicine Physics
J J Pedroso de Lima (Ed)
Handbook of Photonics for Biomedical Science
Valery V Tuchin (Ed)
Handbook of Anatomical Models for Radiation Dosimetry
Xie George Xu and Keith F Eckerman (Eds)
Fundamentals of MRI: An Interactive Learning Approach
Elizabeth Berry and Andrew J Bulpitt
Series in Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering
Quantifying Morphology
and Physiology of the
Human Body Using MRI
Edited by
L. Tugan Muftuler
Department of Neurosurgery
Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
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Contents
About the Series ...................................................................................................vii
Preface ......................................................................................................................ix
List of Contributors ................................................................................................xi
Part I Brain
1. Quantifying Brain Morphology Using Structural Imaging ..................3
Frithjof Kruggel
2. Quantifying Brain Morphology Using Diffusion Imaging ................41
Murat Aksoy, Samantha Holdsworth, Anh Tu Van, and
Roland Bammer
3. CMR Mapping by Calibrated fMRI ......................................................85
O2
Fahmeed Hyder, Christina Y. Shu, Peter Herman, Basavaraju
G. Sanganahalli, Daniel Coman, and Douglas L. Rothman
4. Quantifying Functional Connectivity in the Brain ............................111
Gang Chen and Shi-Jiang Li
5. Brain MR Spectroscopy In Vivo: Basics and Quantitation
of Metabolites ..............................................................................................123
Manoj K. Sarma, Rajakumar Nagarajan, and M. Albert Thomas
Part II Body
6. Quantitative MRI of Articular Cartilage and Its Clinical
Applications .................................................................................................153
Xiaojuan Li and Sharmila Majumdar
7. Quantitative Structural and Functional MRI of Skeletal Muscle .........209
Bruce M. Damon, Theodore Towse, Amanda K.W. Buck, Ke Li,
Nathan Bryant, Zhaohua Ding, and Jane H. Park
8. Quantitative Techniques in Cardiovascular MRI ...............................235
John Biglands, Ananth Kidambi, Peter Swoboda, Manish Motwani,
and Sven Plein
© 2008 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC v
vi Contents
9. Quantitative MRI of Tumors ....................................................................269
James P.B. O’Connor and Richard A.D. Carano
10. Quantitative Measurements of Tracer Transport
Parameters Using Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI
as Vascular Perfusion and Permeability Indices in
Cancer Imaging ...................................................................................329
Min-Ying Su and Jeon-Hor Chen
11. Evaluation of Body MR Spectroscopy In Vivo .....................................355
Rajakumar Nagarajan, Manoj K. Sarma, and M. Albert Thomas
12. Imaging Tissue Elasticity Using Magnetic Resonance
Elastography ................................................................................................381
Yogesh K. Mariappan, Kiaran P. McGee, and Richard L. Ehman
13. Imaging Conductivity and Permittivity of Tissues Using
Electric Properties Tomography ..............................................................431
Ulrich Katscher and Tobias Voigt
14. Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping to Image Tissue
Magnetic Properties ...................................................................................465
Yi Wang and Tian Liu
© 2008 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
About the Series
The Series in Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering describes the appli-
cations of physical sciences, engineering, and mathematics in medicine and
clinical research.
The series seeks (but is not restricted to) publications in the following topics:
• Artificial organs
• Assistive technology
• Bioinformatics
• Bioinstrumentation
• Biomaterials
• Biomechanics
• Biomedical engineering
• Clinical engineering
• Imaging
• Implants
• Medical computing and mathematics
• Medical/surgical devices
• Patient monitoring
• Physiological measurement
• Prosthetics
• Radiation protection, health physics, and dosimetry
• Regulatory issues
• Rehabilitation engineering
• Sports medicine
• Systems physiology
• Telemedicine
• Tissue engineering
• Treatment
The Series in Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering is an international
series that meets the need for up-to-date texts in this rapidly developing
field. Books in the series range in level from introductory graduate textbooks
and practical handbooks to more advanced expositions of current research.
The Series in Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering is the official book
series of the International Organization for Medical Physics (IOMP).
© 2008 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC vii
viii About the Series
The International Organization for Medical Physics
The IOMP, founded in 1963, is a scientific, educational, and professional
organization of 76 national adhering organizations, more than 16 500 indi-
vidual members, several corporate members, and four international regional
organizations.
IOMP is administered by a council, which includes delegates from each
of the adhering national organizations. Regular meetings of the council
are held electronically as well as every three years at the World Congress
on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering. The president and other
officers form the executive committee, and there are also committees cover-
ing the main areas of activity, including education and training, scientific,
professional relations, and publications.
Objectives
• To contribute to the advancement of medical physics in all its aspects
• To organize international cooperation in medical physics, especially
in developing countries
• To encourage and advise on the formation of national organizations
of medical physics in those countries which lack such organizations
Activities
Official journals of the IOMP are Physics in Medicine and Biology and Medical
Physics and Physiological Measurement. The IOMP publishes a bulletin Medical
Physics World twice a year, which is distributed to all members.
A World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering is held
every three years in cooperation with IFMBE through the International Union
for Physics and Engineering Sciences in Medicine (IUPESM). A regionally
based international conference on medical physics is held between world
congresses. IOMP also sponsors international conferences, workshops, and
courses. IOMP representatives contribute to various international commit-
tees and working groups.
The IOMP has several programs to assist medical physicists in developing
countries. The joint IOMP Library Programme supports 69 active libraries in
42 developing countries, and the Used Equipment Programme coordinates
equipment donations. The Travel Assistance Programme provides a limited
number of grants to enable physicists to attend the world congresses. The IOMP
Web site is being developed to include a scientific database of international
standards in medical physics and a virtual education and resource center.
Information on the activities of the IOMP can be found on its Web site at
www.iomp.org.
© 2008 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC