Quality of Experience: Advanced Concepts, Applications and Methods PDF
Preview Quality of Experience: Advanced Concepts, Applications and Methods
T-Labs Series in Telecommunication Services Sebastian Möller Alexander Raake E ditors Quality of Experience Advanced Concepts, Applications and Methods T-Labs Series in Telecommunication Services Series editors Sebastian Möller, Berlin, Germany Axel Küpper, Berlin, Germany Alexander Raake, Berlin, Germany For furthervolumes: http://www.springer.com/series/10013 Sebastian Möller Alexander Raake • Editors Quality of Experience Advanced Concepts, Applications and Methods 123 Editors Sebastian Möller Alexander Raake Quality andUsability Lab,Telekom Assessment ofIP-based Applications, InnovationLaboratories TelekomInnovation Laboratories TU Berlin TU Berlin Berlin Berlin Germany Germany ISSN 2192-2810 ISSN 2192-2829 (electronic) ISBN 978-3-319-02680-0 ISBN 978-3-319-02681-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-02681-7 Springer ChamHeidelberg New YorkDordrecht London LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014932991 (cid:2)SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2014 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionor informationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purposeofbeingenteredandexecutedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthe work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of theCopyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the CopyrightClearanceCenter.ViolationsareliabletoprosecutionundertherespectiveCopyrightLaw. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexempt fromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication,neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnorthepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityfor anyerrorsoromissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,with respecttothematerialcontainedherein. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface This book is meant as a handbook centered around Quality of Experience of informationandcommunicationsystemsandservices,itsunderlyingconcepts,and itsapplication examples.It is based on the work accomplishedinroughlythe last two decades by researchers and practitioners in many diverse fields, such as telecommunications engineering, speech, audio and video processing, psycho- physics, human–computer interaction, psychology, ergonomics, and human-fac- tors research, as well as innovation and economics. Starting point for the book were the activities on the definition of the term ‘‘QualityofExperience’’(QoE)andrelatedconceptswhichhavebeeninitiatedby an international group gathered in the ‘‘European Network on Quality of Expe- rience in Multimedia Systems and Services,’’ Qualinet (COST Action IC 1003). These activities resulted in a so-called ‘‘White Paper on Definitions of Quality of Experience,’’ compiled in a first version in 2012, and updated in 2013, following an intense discussion among the Qualinet members and external experts. The Qualinet White Paper being limited to mere definitions, we felt the necessity to explaintheconceptstoalargercommunityinamoredetailedway,pavingtheway for their application for different types of systems and services. The result is the present book, the motivation for which is outlined in more detail in Chap. 1. Theeditorswouldliketothankallauthorswhohavecontributedtothebook,as well asallauthors and contributorsoftheQualinet White Paper which formed its inspiring basis. We would like to extend our thanks to some external and anon- ymous reviewers who helped shaping the content of some of the chapters. The compilation and formatting of the book was largely supported by Marc Hanisch,M.A.,whosework we are very gratefulfor. Finally, thanks toChristoph Baumann and his team at Springer for organizing the publication process. Berlin, November 2013 Sebastian Möller Alexander Raake v Contents Part I Concepts 1 Motivation and Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Sebastian Möller and Alexander Raake 2 Quality and Quality of Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Alexander Raake and Sebastian Egger 3 Quality of Experience Versus User Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Ina Wechsung and Katrien De Moor 4 Factors Influencing Quality of Experience. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Ulrich Reiter, Kjell Brunnström, Katrien De Moor, Mohamed-Chaker Larabi, Manuela Pereira, Antonio Pinheiro, Junyong You and Andrej Zgank 5 Features of Quality of Experience. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Sebastian Möller, Marcel Wältermann and Marie-Neige Garcia 6 Quality of Service Versus Quality of Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Martín Varela, Lea Skorin-Kapov and Touradj Ebrahimi 7 Business Perspectives on Quality of Experience. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Andrew Perkis, Peter Reichl and Sergio Beker 8 Brain Activity Correlates of Quality of Experience . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Jan-Niklas Antons, Sebastian Arndt, Robert Schleicher and Sebastian Möller 9 Evoking Emotions and Evaluating Emotional Impact. . . . . . . . . . 121 Robert Schleicher and Jan-Niklas Antons vii viii Contents 10 Temporal Development of Quality of Experience. . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Benjamin Weiss, Dennis Guse, Sebastian Möller, Alexander Raake, Adam Borowiak and Ulrich Reiter 11 Quality of Experience and Interactivity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Sebastian Egger, Peter Reichl and Katrin Schoenenberg Part II Applications and Methods 12 Speech Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Nicolas Côté and Jens Berger 13 Text-To-Speech Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Florian Hinterleitner, Christoph Norrenbrock, Sebastian Möller and Ulrich Heute 14 Audiovisual Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Markus Vaalgamaa and Benjamin Belmudez 15 Multimedia Conferencing and Telemeetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 Janto Skowronek, Katrin Schoenenberg and Gunilla Berndtsson 16 Audio Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 Bernhard Feiten, Marie-Neige Garcia, Peter Svensson and Alexander Raake 17 Spatial Audio Rendering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 Matthias Frank, Franz Zotter, Hagen Wierstorf and Sascha Spors 18 Haptics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Rahul Chaudhari, Ercan Altinsoy and Eckehard Steinbach 19 Video Streaming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 Marie-Neige Garcia, Savvas Argyropoulos, Nicolas Staelens, Matteo Naccari, Miguel Rios-Quintero and Alexander Raake 20 3D Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 Pierre Lebreton, Marcus Barkowsky, Alexander Raake and Patrick Le Callet 21 Crowdsourcing in QoE Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 Tobias Hoßfeld and Christian Keimel Contents ix 22 Web Browsing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 Dominik Strohmeier, Sebastian Egger, Alexander Raake, Tobias Hoßfeld and Raimund Schatz 23 Mobile Human–Computer Interaction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339 Robert Schleicher, Tilo Westermann and Ralf Reichmuth 24 Sensory Experience: Quality of Experience Beyond Audio-Visual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 Christian Timmerer, Markus Waltl, Benjamin Rainer and Niall Murray 25 Gaming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367 Justus Beyer and Sebastian Möller 26 Recognition Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 Lucjan Janowski, Mikołaj Leszczuk, Mohamed-Chaker Larabi and Anna Ukhanova 27 Perception of Quality Changes in Wireless Networks. . . . . . . . . . 395 Blazej Lewcio and Sebastian Möller 28 QoE-Based Network and Application Management . . . . . . . . . . . 411 Raimund Schatz, Markus Fiedler and Lea Skorin-Kapov Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 Contributors Ercan Altinsoy Chair of Communication Acoustics, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] Jan-NiklasAntons QualityandUsabilityLab,TelekomInnovationLaboratories, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] SavvasArgyropoulos AssessmentofIP-basedApplications,TelekomInnovation Laboratories, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] Sebastian Arndt Quality and Usability Lab, Telekom Innovation Laboratories, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] Marcus Barkowsky University of Nantes and IRCCyN, Nantes, France, e-mail: [email protected] Sergio Beker European Research Center, Huawei Technologies, Munich, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] Benjamin Belmudez Quality and Usability Lab, Telekom Innovation Laborato- ries, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] Jens Berger SwissQual AG—A Rohde & Schwarz Company, Zuchwil, Swit- zerland, e-mail: [email protected] GunillaBerndtsson Multimedia Technologies,Ericsson Research, Ericsson AB, Stockholm, Sweden, e-mail: [email protected] Justus Beyer Quality and Usability Lab, Telekom Innovation Laboratories, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] Adam Borowiak Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Norwe- gian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, e-mail: [email protected] Kjell Brunnström Acreo Swedish ICT AB, Stockholm and Mid Sweden Uni- versity, Sundsvall, Sweden, e-mail: [email protected] Rahul Chaudhari Institute for Media Technology, TU Munich, Munich, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] xi xii Contributors Nicolas Côté ISEN Department, Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology, Lille, France, e-mail: [email protected] Katrien De Moor Department of Telematics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; iMinds-MICT, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, e-mail: [email protected] Touradj Ebrahimi École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, e-mail: touradj.ebrahimi@epfl.ch Sebastian Egger Telecommunications Research Center Vienna (FTW), Vienna, Austria, e-mail: [email protected] Bernhard Feiten Telekom Innovation Laboratories, Deutsche Telekom, Berlin, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] Markus Fiedler Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Karlskrona, Sweden, e-mail: mfi@bth.se MatthiasFrank InstituteofElectronicMusicandAcoustics,UniversityofMusic and Performing Arts Graz, Graz, Austria, e-mail: [email protected] Marie-Neige Garcia Assessment of IP-based Applications, Telekom Innovation Laboratories, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, e-mail: marie-neige.garcia@ telekom.de Dennis Guse Quality and Usability Lab, Telekom Innovation Laboratories, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] Ulrich Heute Digital Signal Processing and System Theory, CAU Kiel, Kiel, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] Florian Hinterleitner Quality and Usability Lab, Telekom Innovation Labora- tories, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, e-mail: fl[email protected] Tobias Hoßfeld Chair of Communication Networks, Institute of Computer Sci- ence, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, e-mail: hossfeld@informa- tik.uni-wuerzburg.de LucjanJanowski AGHUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Kraków,Poland, e-mail: [email protected] Christian Keimel Institute for Data Processing, TU Munich, Munich, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] Mohamed-Chaker Larabi XLIM, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France, e-mail: [email protected] Patrick Le Callet University of Nantes and IRCCyN, Nantes, France, e-mail: [email protected]
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