Pyrrhonian Reflections on Knowledge and Justification

253 Pages·1994·1.89 MB·English

by  Robert J. Fogelin

PyrrhoRneifalne ctoino ns
KnowleadngdeJ ustification
Thpiasgi en tentlieboflntaa nlkl y
PYRRHONREFLECTIONS
IAN
ONK NOWLEDGE
ANDJU STIFICATION
Robert J. Fogelin
New York Oxford
OXFORDU NIVERSITY PRESS
1994
OxforUdn ivePrrseistsy
OxfordN ew York Toronto
DelhiB ombayC alcuttMaa drasK arachi
KualLau mpurS ingapoHroen gK ong Tokyo
NairobDia re sS alaamC apeT own
MelbourneA ucklanMda drid
anda ssocicaotmepda niiens
Berlin !hadan
Copyr©i 1g99h4tb y RoJbF.eo rgte lin
Publisbhye dO xfUonridv ersPirteysI sn,c .
2.00M adison AveNneuwYe o,r kN,e wY ork1 0016
Oxforidsa r egistterraedde moafrO kx forUdn iversity Press
Allr ighrtess ervNeod p.a rotft hipsu blicamtaiyo nb ree produced,
storienda r etriseyvsatle omr,tr ansmittienad n,yf oromr b ya nym eans,
electromneicch,a nipchaolt,o copyriencgo,r doirno gt,h erwise,
withotuhtep ripoerr missoifOo xnf orUdn iversPirtye ss.
LibraorfCy o ngresCsa taloging-in-PDuabtlai cation
FogelRionb,e rJt.
Pyrrhonrieafnl ectoinko nnosw ledagnedj ustification.
p. cm.
Inclubdiebsl iograprheifcearle anncdei sn dex.
ISBN0 -19-508987-1
1.J ustificiaTthieooornfy k nowledg2e.S) k epticism.
BD212.F6149 94
12.1-dc20 93-40068
2 4 6 785 39 1
Printicntd h eU niteSdt atoefAs m erica
ona cid-pfarpeeer
ForF lorence
Thpiasgi en tentlieboflntaa nlkl y
Preface
Somoef tthhoeu ghtsw oirnhk a tvbheei eswn i tmhe a l ontgi me.
Foreruonfnme yrp sr esiedneta s kanboowultea dpgpee afrieridsn t
EvideanncMdee ani(n16g97) a,n d mtuhcaIhst a itdh esrteis ltlr ikes
mea sb roacdolryr Wehcattt.h aeta rltireera tmleanctkw eadsa n
apprecioaft itcohonem pxlietayn dd eptohft hper oblietwm ass
intendseodl vteo.
Att hatti mIew asm ucuhn dtehrie n felnucoeft hwer itionfg s
J1..A ustainnId,t houpghhitl osopprhoibclacelom usbl edr esolved
inr easonsahboloryrt d er throucagrhe faputalty einnttgoih oown
wordasra ec tuaulsleIyds .t itlhliv nakl uaibnlsei cgahbnte sg ained
int hiwsa y ahnadvn eo d esitroje o itnh owsheo nloowob ka cakt
Austin'sw itwshoo remkt hicnlgo tsoec ontemImp otv.e adw ay
from Auvsiteiwns'-wsoh raI tt ootkob eA ustivni'esw s-af or
numberr eoafs PoanusGl.r ic"eCa'uss Tahle oorfPy e rcepctoino­n"
vincmeedt haAtu stitnr'esa tmaennhdte ,n cmeyt reatmoeftn hte,
probloefpm er ceptwieorwneh olilnya deqSutadutyei.tn hgwe o rks
ofa nciaenndmt o desmk eptciocnsv inmcete hda stk eptcihcaall­
lengaersse re iocuhsa lleInc gaemste.o s eteh atth ecshea llenges
counlodt wbrei totfewfni tthh gel ib sugcgoemsmtoiinon n ,t he
1590asn d1 690st,h atth erye suflrottm h sek eptiimcp'onssga i rbi­
traarnydi mpobslshyii gsht andfaorwrdh sa wte c ank nowM.y
viewosnt hemsaet tweerrsge i vaec no nesriadbbloeob syt ahreing,
therne adiTnhgo,m pson C"lLgaearckoyefS ' kse pstmi".cI immers­
inmgy seilnf twhoer kosfW ittgencsutremeiedno f alniyn gering
idetah apth ilosopprhoibclaaeldm msio tfe assyo lutPihoinlso.s o­
phy-inclpuhdiilnogs ionptheynt doae bdo lpihsihol pohsy-hiasr d
work.
Ic anntohta naklw lh oh avmea diem portcaonntt ribtuot ions
thiwso rkf,ot rh eiyn cltuhdoews heo h avbee egne nerioncu osm­
mentionngm yp reviworuist iIn'glsl. m lyismetilotf tihnosste itu­
tioannspd e rsonsc ownhtor idbiurteetcdott lhyip sr oject.
viii Precfea
InstitfuitriTsohtno.su gihtm ay nboeot b viforuosm ciotns­
tenttsh,iw so rwka sw ritattea n s reieosfp lseaant-aanldm ost
invarsiuanbnlyyl- apcIewtsa .bs e guinnS tanfCoairlfdo,r antti hae,
Centefro Ard vancSetdu diinet sh Bee haviSocriaeln wcheesr,e I
receipvaerdt siuaplp ofrrtot mh eN atioEnnadlo wmefnottr h e
HumanitMioesst. ofIo ftP hairst wwaoswr rki titnet nh ese ideal
surroundinygesal.ra st TIeww rao sa v isnigpt riofeastts hoUern i­
versoifCt ayl ifaotBrn eirak eleyI,o fwfheaers reeedm itnoag rra o up
ofv eriyn telligent graTdhuieasnt aeb mlseetd u tdoe mnytte ss.t
idebaesf otrheeh ya hda rdeinnetudon shakcaobmlmei tmIeh natds .
hopetdob ritnhgpe r ojteocc otm pledtuiroiannf gi ve-swteaeaytk
thReo cekfelClenetrei rnt hVei lSlear belilnBo enlil,a gibou,t Italy,
instIec aodn vinced mtyhswee olrfnk e tehdatetwd oa dditional
chap.tT ehreps rojweacst e enstsifailnliysi hnte hdse p rionf1g 9 92
whilIwe a so ns abbatliicvaiilnna,g T uscfaanr mhosuosueot hf
Siena.
Ofc ourseo,f t nhoiwnsoe u lhda vbee epno sswiibtlheto huet aid
ofD artmoCuoltlhe agneid t Dse partomfeP nhti losBoopthhhya .v e
been underasntfdal nedxiiinnab gll leo wintgot amkaeed vanotfa ge
theop portunitiesT hjecu osltl heangsaoe lt sesodu .p pormtye d
reasrecthh rosuagbhb atsiucpaplelsne,tm agrrya ngtesn,er reasle arch
fundasn,df unadsss ociwiatthe d the FSahierrcmPharinol fde ssor­
shiipnt hHeu maniwthiiecsIhh, o ld. Ftohra nmd oearc eaD daer,t ­
moutCho llegheap sr oviadne di sdeetatlfi ontrgh d eu aolc cupation
oft eacahnesdrc holar.
A gremaatn iyn divihdauvamela sdh ee lpcfruilt iocfit shmiss
worIkp .r esepnatreotdfis t ana utm boefri nstitauntpdir oonfsi,t ed
from vtihgeo rSooucsr qauteisct ipornoivnigbd yse udc ohc casions.
Thesien stitiuntcilounSdste adn fUonridv erBsriotoyk,Cl olylne ge,
thUen iversCiatlyi foaofrtB n eirak eDlaeryt,m oCuoltlhe ge, Edin­
bugrhU niverGsliatsygU,on wi verSstiA.tn yd,r eUwnsi verasnidt y,
StreliUnngi verIsa iltspyor. o ffirtoetmdh oep ptournittody i scuss
DonaDladv idsvoine'wss hwiimat tth h Vei lSlear belloni.
Myc hideefb hto,w eviestr o,m yc olleaigntu hepesh ilosophy
departamtDe anrt tmoWuitthh.o tuhtee inre rgcertiitci ctihsimss ,
worwko ulhda vbee efni nisshoeodnw eirta hn umboefrf laswtsi ll
inp laScpece.i ficBaelrlnya,r dJ oGhenr tK,oJ nakmlMeeos,o Jra,m es
Pagaen,dW altSeirn nott-Arpmasrttriocniignpa as tteudgd ryo up
thastu bjetchtmeea dn usctrohi ipgtsh c rutiny_
Iw istho t hanAkn geBllaa ckbwuhroan,s p hiloseodpihtyo r,
shephetrhdipesrd o jtehcrto utghhOe xfoUrndi verPsrietsaysn ,d
Precfea ix
alstoh e anonryemvoiuewswh eor suppiotprsut beldi cwahtiiloen
makiinmgp ortsaungtg esftoiirot nissm proveIma elnswtoi. s tho
thaJnka nTea ylfoohrre hre lipnc opyedtihtteie nxgt .
FinaIlm luys,tt h anmkyw ifFel,o reFnogceel fionhr,e irn tellec­
tuaslu ppohretrs, h arepy ef oerd itoirmiparlo veamnednn,to t
insignifhieccrao nmtmlayon,fdI talian-ittsh hoougubhle sd aid
thaitnc, o mpensasthieeox ne,r ctihseevsdie r tiunse psl ensduird­
roundings.
HanvoerN,e wH ampshire R·FT.·
Septem1b9e93r