Publishing Sacrobosco’s De sphaera in Early Modern Europe: Modes of Material and Scientific Exchange PDF
Preview Publishing Sacrobosco’s De sphaera in Early Modern Europe: Modes of Material and Scientific Exchange
Matteo Valleriani Andrea Ottone Editors Publishing Sacrobosco’s De sphaera in Early Modern Europe Modes of Material and Scientific Exchange Publishing Sacrobosco’s De sphaera in Early Modern Europe · Matteo Valleriani Andrea Ottone Editors Publishing Sacrobosco’s De sphaera in Early Modern Europe Modes of Material and Scientific Exchange Editors MatteoValleriani AndreaOttone MaxPlanckInstitutefortheHistory DepartmentofEconomics,Management, ofScience Quantitative Berlin,Germany UniversityofMilan Milan,Italy TechnischeUniversitätBerlin Berlin,Germany MaxPlanckInstitutefortheHistory ofScience TelAvivUniversity Berlin,Germany TelAviv,Israel ISBN978-3-030-86599-3 ISBN978-3-030-86600-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86600-6 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s)2022.Thisbookisanopenaccesspublication. OpenAccessThisbookislicensedunderthetermsoftheCreativeCommonsAttribution4.0International License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/),whichpermitsuse,sharing,adaptation,distribu- tionandreproductioninanymediumorformat,aslongasyougiveappropriatecredittotheoriginal author(s)andthesource,providealinktotheCreativeCommonslicenseandindicateifchangeswere made. Theimagesorotherthirdpartymaterialinthisbookareincludedinthebook’sCreativeCommonslicense, unlessindicatedotherwiseinacreditlinetothematerial.Ifmaterialisnotincludedinthebook’sCreative Commonslicenseandyourintendeduseisnotpermittedbystatutoryregulationorexceedsthepermitted use,youwillneedtoobtainpermissiondirectlyfromthecopyrightholder. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbook arebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictional claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface The combination of the history of science and book history is not very common, despite the proximity of the two disciplines. But it becomes particularly urgent in researchprojectsfocusedonaprecisecorpusofhistoricalprintedsources. SuchisthecasefortheprojectTheSphere:KnowledgeSystemEvolutionandthe SharedScientificIdentityofEurope,forwhichacorpusoftreatisesandtextbookson cosmologyandastronomyhasbeenbuilttotracetheprocessofhomogenizationof scientific knowledge that took place during the early modern period. After several studiesconcernedwiththeevolutionofgeocentricastronomy,thenecessityemerged to investigate more closely all the historical actors involved in the production and circulation of such knowledge. Since the first phase of the research project, these actorswereidentifiedwiththeauthorsofthetextsandthosetexts’producers,namely printersandpublishers. Apreviousinternationalworkinggroupinvestigatedtheintellectualprofileofthe authorsofthecommentaries;itsresultswerepublishedin2020bySpringerNature inM.Valleriani(ed.).DesphaeraofJohannesdeSacroboscointheEarlyModern Period:TheAuthorsoftheCommentaries.Thepresentvolumeisthesecondpartof thesameresearchendeavor. Until the end of 2018, it was still highly unclear how to approach the investi- gationoftheproducersofuniversitytextbooksintheearlymodernperiod.Onthe onehand,ithadbecomeevidentthatsuchactorsplayedadecisiverolebecausethey werethelastlevelofthedecisionalprocess:itwastheprinterorthepublisherwho ultimatelydecidedwhichscientificworksandwhichillustrationswouldconstitute anewtextbookinastronomy.Printersandpublisherswerealsoresponsiblefortext- booksasproducts—andthereforefortheircostsandendprices.Inthisrespect,they held influence over one of the most relevant parameters that could determine the success(ornot)ofaspecifictextbookand,withthat,thespread(ornot)ofaspecific scientificaspect. Ontheotherhand,therewasalmostnoliteratureconcerningthehistoryofearly moderntextbookproductionandevenlessaboutitsmarketinganddistribution. Moregeneralinvestigationsandstudieswerethereforeneededinordertobegin, asahistorianofscience,myfirstincursionintothehistoryofthebook.Fortunately, Isoonencounteredamonographthatofferedmethefundamentalstostartwithand, v vi Preface as it turned out soon thereafter, much more. This monograph is the seminal work ofAngelaNuovo,TheBookTradeintheItalianRenaissance,republishedbyBrill in2013.AngelaNuovo’sworkclearlyshowedmethatIwasmissinganimportant piece of the puzzle concerning the process of evolution of knowledge, namely the understanding not just of printed book production in the early modern period but, evenmorerelevantly,oftherulesoftheacademicbookmarket,andofthebusiness modelwithinwhoseframeworkprintersandpublishersactedwhileoperatinginthat market.IneededtolookattheeditionsoftheSphaeracorpusfromtheperspectiveof theearlymodernmanagerwhoproducedandsoldthem.Whenthefirstopportunity occurred, I traveled to Milan and met Angela in the fabulous spaces of Braidense NationalLibrary. Angela helped me understand fundamental aspects of the early modern book market, especially in relation to the emergence of the privilegium as a means of protectingaproductratherthantheknowledgewithin.Yetbothofusrecognizedthat theacademicbookmarketwasstilllargelyanunexploredfield;forthemostpart,we couldonlyguessabouttherealbusinessopportunitiesanddifficultiesofferedbythat Fig.1 Backrowfromleft:OlgaNicolaeva,StefanoGulizia,AngelaNuovo,OliverDuntze,Saskia Limbach,VictoriaBeyer.Backrowfromright:JochenBüttner,FalkEisermann.Middlerowfrom left:AlissarLevy,ManuelaBragagnolo,InsaChristianeHennen,IsabellePantin,TeresaHollerbach, CatherineRideau-Kikuchi,ChristophSander,IanMaclean,PaulGrendler,AlejandraUllaLorenzo. Frontfromleft:AndreaOttone,MatteoValleriani,LeoCorry.RichardL.Kremerwasabsentatthe momentofthephotograph Preface vii market.Finally,Angelaaddedadecisivepointtothediscussion:shetoldmethatI couldeasilycontinuethisexplorationbyrequestingthesupportofaconnoisseurof theearlymodernbookworld,someonewhoworkedwithherbutwaslivinginBerlin likeme.ItisherethatAndreaOttonecameintothegame.Thepresentvolumeisthe resultofwhatwediscussedtheveryfirsttimewemet,oneweekaftertheBraidense rendezvous.Andreatookupthechallenge. First of all, we defined the problem and recognized that we needed help. We describedourresearchquestionandpreparedwhatwecalledtheMissionStatement. Bymeansofthisdocument,wecontactedthecontributorstothisvolumeandasked themtowriteachapterofthebook,focusingononeormoreoftheaspectsmentioned intheStatement.Theydidit,andonceallthechapterswereready,weinvitedthem andanumberofexpertstoBerlintoactinthecapacityofdiscussants. InFebruary2020,wemetforthreedaysanddiscussedalltheindividualchapters (Fig. 1). After this meeting, we edited new versions of the chapters on the basis of the feedback we had mutually provided to one another. What followed is an editorialhistorycomprisedofacontinuousandassiduouscorrespondenceamongthe contributors and especially with the editors, reviewers, librarians, and so forth, on mattersofcontent,style,formalities,imagecopyrights(becauseillustrationsmatter when a volume pertains to book production!), and the cosmic work of achieving a standard for bibliographic references—when investigating subject matter at the intersectionofthehistoryofscienceandbookhistory,antiquebooksbecomeboth themeansandtheobjectofinvestigation. Berlin,Wilmersdorf MatteoValleriani March19,2021 Acknowledgments Firstofall,wewouldliketothankthecontributorstothisvolumeandthediscussants whoattendedtheFebruary2020meetinginBerlin.Thelistofpeoplewithoutwhom we would never have been able to realize this project is very long. The first place certainly goes to Victoria Beyer, who assiduously supported the project from the verybeginningbypreparingthefirstreaderofthechapterstodiscussatthemeeting, helpingtoorganizethemeetingitself,formattingthereviewandproductioncopyof the entire volume, preparing the indexes, and finally controlling the proofs during eachstageofproduction.Duringthephaseofproduction,wealsoenjoyedtheinvalu- ablesupportofNanaCitron,whomwewouldalsoliketothank.Wewouldalsolike toexpressourgratitudetoMeganDrinkwaterfortherelevanthelpsheprovidedin thepreparatorystageoftheworkshop. To retrieve all the electronic copies of the numerous images of the volume, as wellasthepermissionstopublishthem,wewereintheexperiencedhandsofUrte Brauckmann, whoworksatthelibraryoftheMaxPlanckInstitutefortheHistory of Science (MPIWG). To Urte we would like to express our profound gratitude. Urte was occasionally supported by Sabine Bertram, whom we would also like to thank.ThemeetinginBerlinwasmadepossiblethankstothefinancialsupportof Department1oftheMPIWG,andforthis,wewouldliketothankitsDirector,Jürgen Renn.ThepublicationisavailableinOpenAccessthankstothegenerousfinancial support of the library of the MPIWG, to whose head, Esther Chen, we would like toofferthanksatleastasgenerousashersupporthasbeen.Abouttwo-thirdsofthe chapters were linguistically edited by Zachary Gresham, who found the elegance inourprosewithpatienceandprecision.Lastbutnotleast,wewouldliketothank LindyDivarci,thepublicationmanagerofDept.1oftheMPIWG,whosupervised severalofthelaborsdescribedhere. MatteoValleriani AndreaOttone ix Contents 1 Printers, Publishers, and Sellers: Actors in the Process of Consolidation of Epistemic Communities in the Early ModernAcademicWorld ...................................... 1 MatteoVallerianiandAndreaOttone 2 PrinterlyIngenuityandMathematicalBooksintheEarly EstienneWorkshop ............................................ 25 RichardJ.Oosterhoff 3 Erhard Ratdolt’s Edition of Sacrobosco’s Tractatus de sphaera:ANewEditorialModelinVenice? ...................... 61 CatherineRideau-Kikuchi 4 Printers, Booksellers, and Bookbinders in Wittenberg in the Sixteenth Century: Real Estate, Vicinity, Political, andCulturalActivities ......................................... 99 InsaChristianeHennen 5 Scholars, Printers, and the Sphere: New Evidence for the Challenging Production of Academic Books inWittenberg,1531–1550 ...................................... 147 SaskiaLimbach 6 SacroboscoattheBookFairs,1576–1624:ThePedagogical Marketplace .................................................. 187 IanMaclean 7 The Iberian and New World Circulation of Sacrobosco’s SphaeraintheEarlyModernPeriod ............................ 225 AlejandraUllaLorenzo 8 TheGiunta’sPublishingandDistributingNetworkandTheir SupplytotheEuropeanAcademicMarket ....................... 255 AndreaOttone xi xii Contents 9 MathematicalBooksinParis(1531–1563):TheDevelopment ofPublishingStrategiesinaCompetitiveInternationalMarket .... 289 IsabellePantin 10 Paratexts,Printers,andPublishers:BookProductioninSocial Context ...................................................... 337 MatteoVallerianiandChristophSander 11 TheSphaerainJesuitEducation ................................ 369 PaulF.Grendler 12 PrintingSacroboscoinLeipzig,1488–ca.1521:LocalMarkets andUniversityPublishing ...................................... 409 RichardL.Kremer 13 Publishing Mathematical Books of Parisian Calculatores (1508–1515) ................................................... 459 AlissarLevy Index ............................................................. 485
The list of books you might like
