Public Use Data Tape Documentation

252 Pages·2000·11.95 MB·English

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Public Use Data Tape
Documentation
Muttiple Cause of Death
for ICD-9 1980 Data
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Public HealthService
Netionel Center for HeelthStatistics
Hyattsville,Maryland
Auwst 19S3
Table of Contents
Text
Section Page
I. Intmkticm ....0.0.... .... . ....0. .. .. ..... . .. .. ... . ..... ... .... 1
II. Data file characteristics ... ..... ...... . . ... ... .. .. .. ... ..... ... 1
III. Ta~fmtmd mriable &fifitim ..... .. .... . . ...... .. ... ... . . 2
IV. Multiple cause data .. .. ..... . .... ... . .. ..... .... ..... .. . .... ... . 3
A. Entity axis cuies .. ... .... .. .. ..... . .. ...... .. .. ... ..0...... 4
B. Record axis codes .. ... ..... .. ...... . ..... .... ...... .. . .. ... . 6
V. Additimal information . . ...... .. ... ..0...... ... . ... ... .. ..... .. . 8
Appmdixes
A. Multiple cause-of-death detail record
B. State ccmiesused in NU4S/DVS
C. Stadard Metropolitan Statistical Areas establish in 1980
D. ICI)-9 282 cause list titles
B. ICD-9 72 cause list titles
F. 1(X)-961 cause list titles
G. ICD-9 34 cause list titles
H. Control Total Tables 1-12
1. The MVSRon estimated coq?arability ratios betwen tk I(l)&8 and tlm IU)-9.
J. Technical appendix for 1978preceeded by 1980 addendm
SyubolsUsed inTables
!3!!!_!!- E@a_n—a-t—i-o—n
--- Datanot available.
Categorynot applicable.
. . .
Quantityzero.
0.0 Quanti~ more thanO but lessthan0.5.
* Figuredoesnotmeet standardsof reliabilityor
precision.
ii
IXHMNMTICN OF MJLTIPLECAUSE-OF-DEATH
PUBLICUSE TAPEFILElWR 1980nATA
1. Introduction
.—
Informationcn all muses-of-deathreportedcm h approximately
tw minim deathcertificatesfiled‘titheUnitedStates
annuallyhas been codedsince1968as a partof theNCHS
mdtiple cause-of-deatphrogram. Tl= da- are releas~ ~ the
publicin a varietyof ways includingpublishedreports,special
tabulationsto answerdatarequests,ad da- tapescontainiw a
statisticalrecordfor -h deathoccurringin theUnited
Statesl. This documentis intendd ~ provideguidancem the
consumerin accessingandutilizingthemultiplemuse-of-death
publicuse tapefilewhichcoversdeathsoccurringin theUnited
Statesduring1980. Eachrecordon theannualtapefile
containsw nultiplecause-f-deathfieldswhichhave &n
codedusingInternationaCllassifi=tionof Diseases,Ninth
Revision(ICD-9). w addition,underlyingcause,demographic,
and geographicdetaildataaccompaniesthemlt iple-e data.
W tapefilecontainsthe completelev&lof detailcodedby
NCHSexceptwhereprecludedby confidentialitryestrictionsor
lackof datareliability.~is docunentprovidesthe technical
dataprocessinginformationnecessary~ accessthe tapesad
theclassificationstructuread codingrul= appliedti cr=te
eachvariablem the filesuchthattheuser = readilyassess
relevanceat varyinglevelsof detail~ his/herown particular
research.Additionally,it conveysthe characteristicosf the
multiplecausefieldssufficienth guidetheuser in analyzing
and titerpretinguultiple=use data. The user is alertedti
certainpitfallsof interpretationa,d theappropriatenesosf
eachtypeof multiple=use data~ givenapplicationsis
discussed.
II. DataFileCharacteristics
FileOrganization:One file,multiplereels
RecordType: FixedLength
Record@th: 440
BlockSize: 26,400
Data counts: occurrence- 1,993,137
Residentsof U. S. - 1,989,841
Non-Residents- 3,2%
1. The datayearwas processedusingthePL/1languagecm an
IBM370/158.
2. The lastblockfor the datayearmay k a shrt block.
1 ~ta mre processedon a 50 percentbasisfor 1972.
-2-
3. The dataare recordedin IBM/EBCDIC8-bit de for uh
character.
4. Codesmay be numeric,alphabetic,or blank(H= 40).
5. A code“Z” is theEBCDICcodefor the letter“Z”.
6. A code “&” is theEBCDICcodefor sn amprsaml (apunched
cardcode 12).
III. TaDeFormatand VariableDefinition
AppendixA and its attachmentsprovidecbcumentationof
variables,variablecategories,andvariablelocatim on the
multiple=use-of+leathpublicuse tapes. It isnotedthatthe
followingmaterial,whileused in theprocessingof mortality
data,is not includedin thispackage:
A. Manualof the )iWernationalStatisticalClassificatioonf
Diseases,Injuries,and Causesof Death,Ninth Revision
~ICD-
B. NCHS InstructionManualDataPreparationPart 2a,Vital
StatisticsInstructionsfor ClassifyingtheUnderlynig Cause
of Death, 1980.
c. NCHS InstructionManualDataPreparation,Part 2b,Vital
StatisticsInstructionstor ClassifyingPhitlipleCausesof
th, 1980.
D. NCHS InstructionManualDataPreparation,Part2C,Vital
StatisticsICD-9‘ACMEDecisionTables torClassltymg
—‘—Underlnygi &uses of Death, 198—0.
E. NCHS InstructionManualDataPreparation,Part 2d,Vital
Statisti= NCHSProceduresforM6- MedicalDataSystEIU
File Preparati~aiii~tenance, Effective1979.
—
F. NCHS InstructionManualDataTabdation,Part 2f,Vital
StatisticsICD-9TRANSAXDiseaseReferenceTables tor
ClassifyingMultipleCausesof Death—,—979-80
G. NCHS InstructionManualDataPreparation,Part4, Vital
StatisticsIkmographicClassificationand coding
InstructmnsIor DeathRecords, .
H. NCHS InstructionManualTabdation, Part 11,Vital
StatisticsCanputerlkl~ ~ i ective
1979.
-3-
These docummts describein detailthe rulesenployedfor
demographicardmedicalclassificaticnm deathrecords.Volumes
1 and 2 of theICB9 may b purchasedfromWHO publications
CentreUSA,49 SheridsnAvenue,Albany,New York,12210. The
ramining documents (ItemsB-H),whilenot absolutely=sential
to thepropr interpretatimof the da= fora numberof general
applications,shouldneverthelessh studiedarefully priortn
any detailedanalysisof demographicor medicaldatavariables.
In @icular, thereare a nmber of exceptionsti theICDrules
inmultiplecause-of-deathcodingwhich,ifnot tr-ted
properly,may resultin fiultyanalysisof the data.Userswho
do not alreadyhaveaccess@ these*cunents may requestthen
fromtheChief,DataPreparationBranch,Divisionof Data
Processing,NationalCenterforHealthStatistics,P. O. Box
12214,ResearchTrianglePark,NorthQrolina 27709.
In addition,thel~er shodd referm theTechnical
of theVitalStatisticsof the UnitedStat~e%s%1or
sourceOt data,codingproceduers,~ty of the data,
etc. TechnicalAppendixinfonnaticmis enclosed.
IV. MultipleCauseMta—
W originalscha for codingconditionscontainedm thed=th
certifi=te was desi~d with tw objectivesinmind. First,lm
facilitateetiologicslstudiesof the relationshipsamng
conditions,itwas necessary~ reflectaccuratelyin endedform
eachconditionad its locatim m * certificatimin the
exactmnner givenby the certifier.Secondly,* cadifiation
needed133be carriedout in a mannerby which* underlying
cause-of-deathcmld be assignalthroughccmputerapplications.
‘Jheapproachwaa to susped the linkageprovisiom of the ICD
for thepurposeof conditioncodingad codeeachentiq with
minti regardto otherconditionspresentm * certificaitoen.
This generalapproachis hreafter died entitycoding.
Unfortunately,the set of multiple=Use codesproducedby
entitycodingisnot conduciveto a thirdobjective-- the
generationof personbasedmltiple ause statistics.Person
basedanalysisrequiresthateachconditim be cededwithinthe
cont=t of everyotherconditionm the -e certificateand
umdifiedor linkl ~ suchconditionsas providedby ICD-9. By
definition,theentitydatamot met thisrequirementsince
the linkageprovisionsdistortthe characterad placemetn of
the informationoriginallyrecordedby the certifyingphysician.
Sincethe tm objectivessre incompatibleD,VShas chosenti
createfrm theoriginalsetof entitymalesa n- codeset
calledrecordaxisuniltipl=euse data. Ekentidly, themis
of classificatimhas bea convertedfranan entiq basis~ a
record(orperson)basis. The recordsxisaxlesare assi~ed in
ternsof the setof codesthatbestdescribetheoversllmedi-
-4-
certificationportionof the deathcertificate.The lranslation is
accomplished@ a computersysta calledTRANSAX(TRANSLATKNOF
AXIS)throughselectiveuse of maditional linkageandmdif ication
rulesformortaliq coding. Underlyingcauselinkageswhichsimply
prefercme codeoversnotherfor purposesof mderlying &use
selectionarenot included. Eachentitycodeon the recordis
-ned andnmdifiedor deletedas necessaryto createa setof
codeswhichare freeof contradictionsad are tk most precise
withinthe constraintsof ICD-9and medicalinformationcm the
record. Repetitiw codesare deleted. TIE processmay (1)combine
two entityaxiscategories~gether ti a new =tegory thereby
elimimtinga Contradictimor standardizingthe data;or (2)
eliminateone categoryin f%vorof anotherti prariotespecificityof
thedataor resolvecontradictions.The followingexamplesfran
ICD-9illustratethe effectof thistranslation:
Case 1: When reportedon the samerecordas separateentities,
Cirrhosisof liverand alcoholismare codedto 5715
(cirrhosisof liverwithoutmentionof alcohol)and 303
(alcoholdependencesyndrome).Tabulationof recordswith
5715 would on the surfacefalselyimplythatsuchrecords
had no umtion of alcohol. A preferablecodificationwould
be 5712 (alcoholiccirrhosisof liver)in lieuof both 5715
and 303.
Case 2: If “gastricdeer” and “bleedinggaatricdeer” are
reportedon a recordtheyare codedto 5319 (gastriculcer,
unspecifiedas acuteor chronic,withoutmentionof
hemorrhageor perforation)and 5314 (gastriculcer,chronic
or unspecified,with henmrhage). A more concise
codificaticmwuuldbe to code5314onlysincethe 5314shows
both the gastricdeer and the bleeding.
A. EMity Axis Codes
The originalconditionscded for selectionof the
underlyingcause-of-deathare reformattedad editedpriorto
creatingthepublicuse tape. TIE followingparagraphsAscribe
the formatand applicatim of entityaxisdata.
lWMAT: Eachentity-axiscode is displayedas an overallseven
—.
byte axlewith subcompomntsas follows:
1. lineindicator: The firstbyterepresentsthe line
of the certificateon whichthe
codeappears.Six lines(1-6)are
allowablewith thefourthad
fifth&notingone or M written
in “duetonsbeyondthe three
linesprovidedinPart I of the
U.S. standarddeathcertificate.
Line “6”representsPart 11 of the
certificate.
-5-
2. positionindicator: The next byte irdicatesthe
positionof * cockm * line,
i.e., it is the first(l),second
(2), ---eighth(8)cockon the
line.
3. cause =tegory: The Ht fourbytesrepresentthe
ICD-9uuse code.
4. mture of injuryflag: ICD-9us= the sam seriesof
tiers (800-999)to irdicate
nature of injury(N codes)and
=ternal ~use codes(Ecodes).
Thisflagdistinguishesbetween
the twowith a one (1)represent-
ingnatureof injurycod= ad a
zero (0)representingsll other
Cau codes.
A maximm of ZO of thesesevenbyte codesis caDtured m a recordfor
milt ipleMuse purposes. ThisI&y cmsist of a“maximumof 8 codesm
any givemlinewith up to 20 cod= distributedacrossthreeor unre
linesdependingon wherethe subjectccmditionsare locatedon the
certificate.Codesmay be omittedfranone or nmre lines,e.g.,line
1 with me or unre des, line2 with m cedes,line3 with one or
more codes.
h writingout thesecodes,theyare orderedas follow: line1
firstcode,line 1 secondcnde,etc.-----line2 firstcode,line2
secondcode,etc. -----line3 -----line4 -----line5 -----line
6. Any spaceremainingin the fieldis leftblank. The specificsof
locationsare containedinAppendixA.
Edit: The originalconditionsare editedm removeinvalidcodes,
~rify the codingof certainrareMuses of death,ad assure
age/causeand sex/ause ccmptibility. Detailedinformationrelating
to the editcriteriaand the setsof causecodeswhicharevalidb
underlyingcausecodingad multiplecase codiqgare providd in
Part 11 of theNCHS VitalStatisticsInstructionManualSeries.
Table1, Nuder of ResidentDeathsTabulatedby Mentionof an
UnderlyingCause,RecordAxisMikiple Cause,or lMity Axis
MultipleCause-of-Deatbhy ICD-9&tegory providesa sunmarylistof
validmderlying muse nultiple=Use’codes.
13?T.IATXYISAPPLICATI~S: The entityaxisuniltipl-euse dataset is
appropriateto analyseswhichrequirethateachconditim be codd as
a standaloneentitywithoutlinkageti otherconditionsad/or
requireinformationon theplacementof suchconditionsin the
certificate.Withinthisframework,the entilqdataare appropriate
to theexaminationof etiologid relationshipssmongconditions,
accuracyof certificationreporting,ad thevalidityof &aditional
-6-
assmptions h underlying@use selection.Additionally,the entity
dataprovidein certain=tegoriesa more detaild codeassignment
which is linkedout in the creationof recordaxisdata. Wheresu&
detailisneededfora study,theuser shouldselectivelyemploy
entitydata. Finally,the researchermy notwish tm b boundby ti
assumptionsused in theaxis translationprocesspreferringratherto
investigatehypothesesof his own predilection.
By definition,themain limitationof mtity axisdatais thatan
enti~ codedoesnot necessarilyreflectthebestcockfora
conditionwhen consideredwithinthe contextof themedical
certificationas a whole. As a resultcertainenti~ cod- canbe
misleadingor evencontradictothercodesin the record. For
qle, category5750is titkd “Acutecholecystitiwsithoutmention
of mlculus”. Withinthe frameworkof enti~ axlesthisis
interpretedto mean thatthe codableentityitselfcontainedno
mentionof @lculus ratherthanthatmlcilus was notmnt ioned
anywhereon the record. Tabulaticmof recordswitha “5750”as a
count of personshting acuteAolecystitiswithoutmentionof
calculusmuld thereforebe erroneous.!lMs illustratesthe fact
thatmder entityding theICD-9titlesmot be takenIiterslly.
The usermust studytherulesfor entitycodingas theyrelateto
his/herresearch prior~ utilizationof entiq data. The user is
furthercautionedthatthe inclusim notesin ICD-9whichrelateto
mdifying and combining=tegories are seldomapplicableb entity
mding (exceptwhereprovidedin Part 2b of theVitalStatistics
InstructionManualSeries).
In tabulatingthe entityaxisdata,one may couhtcdes with the
resultanttabulationof an individualcoderepresentingthenumberof
timesthedisease(s)representedby thecodeappearsin the file. In
thiskindof tabulatim of morbidconditicnprevalence,thecounts
among=tegoriesMy be addedtogether~ producecountsforgroups
of codes. Alternatively,subjectto the limitationsgivenaboveone
rsonshavingmentionof the diseaserepresentedby a code
:YC%%%W U3 instanceit isnot correcttm add countsfor
individualcodes~ createpersoncountsfor groupsof ties. since
morethanonecodeh theresearcher’sinterestmay appeartogether
on thecertificate,~taling must accountforhigherorderinter-
actionsamongcodes. Up to 20 codesmay be assignedm a record;
therefore,a 20-wayinteractionis theoreticallypossible.AU
totalingmustbe basedon mentionof one or more of the categories
under investigation.
B. RecordAxisCodes
The followingparagraphsdescribethe fomat and applicationof
record-axisdata. Part2f of theVitalStatisticsInstructionManual
SeriesdescribestheTRANSAXprocessfor creatingrecordaxisdata
frcmentitysxisdata.