Public Policy, Innovation and Development

48 Pages·2015·1.12 MB·English

by  Karin Hillen

The 4th GRIPS Student Conference
Public Policy,
Innovation and

Development
Conference Booklet

Welcome Message
GRIPS has been hosting the GRIPS Student Conference since 2012. The
Conference brings together a diverse group of students, researchers, and
professionals from various disciplines and backgrounds to share ideas and research
findings on political, social, and economic challenges facing the world today and to
discuss how these challenges can be addressed for sustainable development. Our
goal is threefold: to promote a scholarly exchange of ideas, to set new research
directions, and to encourage rigorous inter-disciplinary research and collaboration.

This year, we look at the interplay of public policy, innovation and development
as major issues facing developed and emerging market economies worldwide.
Historically, innovation has played a central role in enabling and scaling up
economic development and has been a major driver of economic growth. How to
foster innovation is hence one of the crucial tasks of today’s policy-makers, who
look for tools and ideas to confront issues like climate change, poverty reduction
and the improvement of social welfare. We invite policy-oriented papers that
discuss the role of innovation within research and learning outcomes, and its use
towards these goals. We explicitly encourage inter-disciplinary approaches that span
economics, political sciences, history or other social or natural sciences in
theoretical or applied ways.

The conference is open to all GRIPS and non-GRIPS students, researchers, and
professionals, and it provides an excellent opportunity for young as well as
established researchers to share expertise in important policy areas, contribute to
existing scholarship, and expand their network of colleagues and collaborators.

Sincerely,
The Organizing Committee
The 4th GRIPS Student Conference
Schedule
9:00 - 9:30 Morning registration
9:30 - 10:20 Keynote Speech I!
Etsuko Katsu Vice President International / Professor, School of Political Science and Economics, Meiji University
Rethinking Abenomics: Growth Strategy and Labour Markets
10:20 - 10:40 Break
Session 1 @ Room 1A
Session 2 @ Room 1B Session 3 @ Room 1C
Public Policy I! Macroeconomic Policy! Politics, Governance and
Moderator: Andres Molina, Rayner Moderator: Stefan Angrick, Hristina Democratization!
Tabetando
Georgieva Gaydarska
Moderator: Hansa Reda, Olimjon
Djumabayev
10:40 - 11:00 Rommel Vilamar! Santiago Rodriguez Martinez ! Ryan Koh!
What is the effect of tax rates on Impact of El Nino Southern Improving Governance Standards
tax evasion for Ecuador?
Oscillation on the Colombian of Public Pension Funds: Policy
Economy: A VAR Approach
Recommendation s for Developing
Pension systems
11:00 - 11:20 Kenwin Maung! Boris Martinovic! Monin Nang!
The Slow Progress & Barriers of Cartel Screening: Using Benford’s Decentralization in Cambodia:
EU-Japan Free Trade
Law to Analyze the BUBOR
Obstacles to Commune’s Local
Autonomy and Policy Implications
from Japan
11:20 - 11:40 Nofizal Kurniawan! Nuwan Dinusha Hettiarachchi! Shayani Jayasinghe!
The Effect of the Change in Impact of Fiscal Policy on Myanmar –Democratization,
Personal Income Tax Rates on Economic Growth: Evidence from Economic Progress and New shifts
Labor Supply in Indonesia
Sri Lanka
in Public Policy in a Changing
Society
11:40 - 12:00 Shrestha Saroj! Paul Reimon Alhambra! Seungrae Cho!
FDI in Retail in India: Evolution of Forecasting Short-term Philippine Evolving Legislative Process in
the Public Policies and Prospect of Real GDP Using Unrestricted Democratized South Korea
Changes in the Years to Come
Mixed Data Sampling (U-MIDAS)
Regression
12:00 - 12:20 Md. Azad Uddin! Saliya Jayathilaka!
An Unconditional Quantile Role of the ‘State’ in the
Regression Decomposition of contemporary governance
Rural-Urban Income Inequality of (Video Conference)
Bangladesh: 2000-2010
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12:40 - 14:00 Lunch break & afternoon registration
14:00 - 14:40 Keynote Speech II!
Emiko Kakiuchi Professor, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies
Culture, Creativity and Cities 〜The Japanese Experience〜
14:40 - 15:00 Break
Session 4 @ Room 1A
Session 5 @ Room 1B Session 6 @ Room 1C
Public Policy II! Health, Education and Environment, Disaster &
Moderator: Stefan Angrick, Arifur Development ! Security !
Rahman Sumon
Moderator: Kasim Munyegera Moderator: Jeffrey Ordaniel, Pascal
Ggombe, Santiago Rodriguez Lottaz
Martinez
15:00 - 15:20 Kritsana Waiyarpat! Nirmal Kumar Raut! A.K.M Abul Kalam Azad !
The Impact of 1970 UNESCO Does Remittance improve the Profitability Assessment of Small-
Convention Accession on the quality of child schooling? : An Scale Rubber Plantations in
Protection of Cultural Property
Analysis from Parental Absence Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh:
Perspective
Toward Formulating the Model as
the Basis of Forestry Policy Making
15:20 - 15:40 Kushelevich Hadas! Terrence Kairiza! Michael Huang!
The future Reputation of Japan's Diffusion of management practices Compound Disasters and
Pharmaceutical Market
through social networks among Compounding Processes:
micro and small enterprises in A Framework for Analysis
Tanzania
15:40 - 16:00 Muzeya Lufunda! Nikki Ann Consigna Bazgha Syed !
Political Influence on Public Bermudez! Non-traditional Security
Resource Allocation: Evidence from Determinants of Health-seeking Challenges: Militancy, Terrorism
District Electrification in Zambia
Behavior of Pregnant Women in and Radicalization in Pakistan
the Philippines, 2013
16:00 - 16:20 Juan Manuel Perez Debrand! Nia Pramita Sari! Chethika Abenayake!
Stakeholder's Perception on the The effect of School Operational Challenges of Employing Extra-
sustainable development of the Assistance on Education by Local Assessment Methods to
automotive industry in Mexico
Household: Evidence from Measure Community Resilience to
Indonesia
Climatic Disasters

16:20 - 16:40 Songyu Han! Sah Karmayogi Subodh Nagendra Ray!
Migrant community: A Case Study Kumar! Effectiveness of Building Code
of Brazilians in Japan and Brazil- An Inquiry into the Child Health Implementation in Nepal
Japan Bilateral Relations
Status and its Determinants:
Implications for the Child Health
Service of Nepal
16:40 - 17:00 Sumantra Pal! Binod Bhattarai!
How to intervene in foreign Educational Development and the
exchange market without buying/ Quality of Education in Nepal
selling dollars?
17:00 - 18:00 Presenting certificates & networking reception
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9:30 – 10:20

Rethinking Abenomics: !
Growth Strategy and Labour Markets
Etsuko Katsu !
Vice President International / Professor,!
School of Political Science and Economics, !
Meiji University!
Etsuko Katsu is Vice President International and Professor of the School of
Political Science and Economics at Meiji University. She plays an active role in
various government advisory bodies in the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of
Health, the Labour and Welfare, and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology (MEXT)
In 1995, she was appointed associate professor of Finance and Economics in
the National University of Ibaraki and in 1998, she moved to Meiji University,
to teach international finance at the School of Political Science and Economics,
becoming a professor in 2003 and Vice President International in 2008.
Born in Japan, Etsuko Katsu graduated from Keio University specializing in
Economic Theory. Upon graduation, she joined the Japan Research Institute,
working as a senior economist and published many papers and books. Some of
her major papers include “Modern International Monetary Economics” (2011),
“Who will provide the next financial Model” (edited by Kaji and Ogawa, 2013),
“International Finance Theory” (2008), “Corporate Strategies for Southeast Asia
after the Crises” (Palgrave), ”Reform of RMB’s Exchange Rates and Regional
monetary cooperation” (Shanghai Forum), and “Globalizing of the capital
markets and prudential regulations” (2007).
As a member of MEXT’s Central Education Council she contributes to
Japan’s education policy, especially to the internationalization of the Japanese
higher education institutions. She also plays a role in economic policy as a
member of the Labor Policy Council of the Ministry of Health, Labour and
Welfare.
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14:00 – 14:40

e
t
Culture, Creativity and Cities! o
n
〜The Japanese Experience〜! y
e
K
Emiko Kakiuchi!
Professor, !
National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS)!
Dr. Emiko Kakiuchi has working experience in various positions in the
Japanese government and international organizations, including as the
Institutional Relations Officer of the United Nations University and in the
Inspector General’s office of the Ministry of Education（1999-2001), as the
Director of the Cultural Policy Planning Office of the Agency for Cultural
Affairs (1996-1999), and as a Researcher of the Standing Committee on
Education of the House of Representatives of the Japanese Parliament
(1989-1991). She also has teaching experience in several universities in Japan
and overseas. She is currently a Professor at the National Graduate Institute for
Policy Studies.
She has conducted consultancy activities for the central and local
governments of Japan as well as international institutions. She has been a board
member of the Japan Association of Regional Policy and the City Planning
Institute of Japan.
Her main research interests are linking culture to development, quantitative
evaluation of cultural value, and plural funding and public policy system
analysis. Most of her publications have been in the field of cultural policy,
including papers in English such as Tourism and Community Development:
Asian Practices (UNWTO, 2008), Sustainable City and Creativity Promoting
Creative Urban Initiatives (Ashgate, 2011), Development Patterns: Asian and
Pacific Cities (Routledge, 2012), Culture, Creativity and Cities (Suiyo-sha,
2015) and in Chinese such as Creative Cities in Practice (Tsinghua University
Press, 2013).
She received the City Planning Institute of Japan Award in 2002 and the
Japan Association for Planning Administration Prize for Excellent Papers in
2009.
5
10:40 – 11:00

What is the Effect of Tax Rates on Tax Evasion
for Ecuador?!
Rommel Vilamar!
National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS)
This research tackles the relationship between tax rates and tax evasion for
Ecuador, a South American country with a dollarized economy highly
dependent on oils exports. Taking into consideration that Ecuador needs to
sustain its Dollarization System and without being able to use Monetary Policy
nor Fiscal Policy, Ecuador's policy makers have responded by imposing
restrictions over the international trade. These restrictions have taken form
through the increase of tax rates, and the adoption of other mechanisms which
includes setting importing quotas, and imposing safeguards measures (WTO,
2011). Such restriction is intended to protect the Dollarization system by
preventing the exit of foreign currency from the country. Nevertheless, changes
in taxes might have other effects such as an inadequate distribution of resources
(WTO, 2003) or an increase in the level of the underground economy
(Gutmann, 1977). This paper attempts to discover the interaction between tax
rates and tax evasion for the Ecuador in order to fill the knowledge gap when it
comes to identifying the means how tax evasion takes form, and quantifying the
effects of tax rates on tax evasion. My research utilizes the same approach
developed by Fisman and Wei (2004) which makes use of international trade
and tariff data to find out the possible relationship between tax rates and
evasion. The empirical model consists in applying Ordinary Linear Square-OLS
with Robust Standard Errors. The results seem to be similar to the ones found
by Fisman and Wei (2004) for China and by Van Dunem and Arndt (2009) for
Mozambique. There is statistical evidence that tax rates have a positive impact
on tax evasion. A one percent increase in tax rates seems to lead to a 0.79
percent increase in tax evasion. Evasion takes form through three means:
under-valuation of unit values, under-reporting quantities and misclassification
of products.
6
11:00 – 11:20

The Slow Progress & Barriers of EU-Japan Free
Trade
Kenwin Maung!

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Waseda University

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S
This report reviews the negotiation process for the EU-Japan Free Trade
Agreement which was initiated in March 2013. By comparing the rhythm of
negotiation rounds with other EU negotiated Free Trade Agreements with Asian
countries, it can be observed that Japan’s negotiations began late, and it is also
expected to take a longer time for completion. As such, the purpose of this
research is to identify the impediments to this negotiation process. This research
draws upon mostly primary sources including speeches, newspaper reports and
an interview with the First Counsellor at European External Action Service in
Tokyo, Albrecht Rothacher. Upon examination, it becomes clear that domestic
vested interests, low political salience of the negotiations and the different
values espoused by the EU and Japan are the main threats to the negotiations.
Furthermore, it can be argued that domestic interests pose the greatest obstacles
to the negotiations given how powerful lobby groups are in Brussels and how
agricultural and automobile interests in Japan form the traditional political
constituencies of the ruling party. This report thus highlights the various
choking points that could be present in a bilateral agreement and thus allows for
resolutions to be focused on these impediments. This is significant because as
developed nations experience a slowdown in their economic growth, greater
trade integration has been recommended as a solution. However, as global
integration via a multilateral platform remains tedious to achieve, bilateral trade
integration is increasingly seen as an alternative and its propagation needs to be
encouraged.
7
11:20 – 11:40

The Effect of the Change in Personal Income Tax
Rates on Labor Supply in Indonesia
Nofizal Kurniawan!
National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS)
This study analyzes the effect of personal income taxes on labor supply in
Indonesia. I investigate how the labor supply responded to the change of
personal income tax rates due to tax reform in 2000. According to the tax
reform, most workers faced new income tax rates which are lower than income
tax rates prior to tax reform, hence I expected that workers will increase labor
supply. Using individual-level data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey
(IFLS), I use a quasi-experimental approach and employ a difference-in-
differences method for the analysis. I found that the responsiveness of labor
supply to the income tax rates is different depending on individual
characteristics. The finding is self-employed workers increased work hours
whereas salary workers decreased work hours due to the reduction of personal
income tax rates. Moreover, female self-employed workers were more
responsive to the tax rate changes than male self-employed workers. The results
suggest that the government should take into account the different
responsiveness of each group of individuals in designing tax policy.

Keywords personal income tax, labor supply, work hours, difference-in-
differences
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