1 Reclaiming Public Services: How cities and citizens are turning back privatisation Edited by Satoko Kishimoto and Olivier Petitjean Research coordination Lavinia Steinfort Copy editing Madeleine Bélanger Dumontier and Ann Doherty Design and infographics Karen Paalman JUNE 2017 Published by Transnational Institute (TNI), Multinationals Observatory, Austrian Federal Chamber of Labour (AK), European Federation of Public Service Unions (EPSU), Ingeniería Sin Fronteras Cataluña (ISF), Public Services International (PSI), Public Services International Research Unit (PSIRU), We Own It, Norwegian Union for Municipal and General Em- ployees (Fagforbundet), Municipal Services Project (MSP) and Canadian Union of Public Employees (CUPE). Amsterdam and Paris ISBN 978-90-70563-58-5 Copyright: This publication and its separate chapters are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 license. You may copy and distribute the document, in its entirety or separate full chapters, as long as they are attributed to the authors and the publishing organisations, cite the original source for the publication on your website, and use the contents for non-commercial, education- al, or public policy purposes. 2 Acknowledgements This book would never have taken shape without generous contributionsfrom co-publishers and from the authors of the various chapters. We are alsovery gra- teful for the essential input and advice in building the global list of remunicipali- sations from: David Hall, PSIRU, University of Greenwich; Oliver Wagner, Wuppertal Institute; Gabor Scheiring, University of Cambridge; and Mildred E. Warner, Cornell University. The data collection was assisted by Sarah Vukelich, AlexandraGriffin, Laurentius Terzic, Nina Aichberge, M’Lisa Colbert, Kristen Dal- by, Georgi Medarov, Matthijs Peters and Sol Trumbo Vila. The following trade unions and organisations contributed to the participatory survey: Fagforbundet, the Norwegian Union for Municipal and General Em- ployees; the Finnish Union of Practical Nurses (SuPer); the Danish Union of Public Employees (FOA); JHL, the Trade Union for the Public and Welfare Sectors (Fin- land); Kommunal (Sweden);UNISON (UK); the Netherlands Trade Union Confede- ration (FNV); Ver.di (Germany); the Czech Trade Union of Health and Social Care; the Slovak Trade Union of Health and Social Services; RB Union of State, Munici- pal and Public Service Workers (Armenia); the Federation Trade Union of Building Wood and Public Services in Albania (Fsndshpsh); the Trade Union of Health of Montenegro; S p s f o (France); DİSK/ Genel-İş, the Public Services Employees Union of Turkey; Federación de Sanidad de CC.OO (Spain); Federación de Servicios a la Ciudadania de Comisiones Obreras (Spain); FESP UGT (Spain); STAL (Portu- gal); Hansewerk AG/ Hamburg Netz GmbH (Germany); Stadt Erlangen (Germa- ny); Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust (UK); Amrta Institute (Indonesia); and Communauté de communes du briançonnais (France). All of their contributions helped us to identify nearly 100 new remunicipalisation cases. Finally, thanks to our copy editor Madeleine Bélanger Dumontier who has woven these diverse contributions into a coherent and easily readable story. 3 Table of contents Infographics (Re)municipalisation in public services worldwide 5 Introduction The untold story - Satoko Kishimoto and Olivier 11 Petitjean Chapter 1 Remunicipalisation in France: From addressing 24 corporate abuse to reinventing democratic, sustainable local public services - Olivier Petitjean Chapter 2 Why renationalise? Contemporary motivations in 34 Latin America - M’Lisa Colbert Chapter 3 The 835 reasons not to sign trade and investment 48 agreements - Lavinia Steinfort Chapter 4 Norwegian municipalities bringing social services 67 back into public hands - Bjørn Pettersen and Nina Monsen Chapter 5 Remunicipalisation in Germany and Austria: What 80 does it mean for employees? - Laurentius Terzic Chapter 6 Against the grain: New pathways for essential 92 services in India - Benny Kuruvilla Chapter 7 Unpacking the dangerous illusion of PPPs 104 María José Romero and Mathieu Vervynckt Chapter 8 Our City, Our Grid: The energy remunicipalisation 117 trend in Germany - Sören Becker Chapter 9 Public ownership is back on the agenda in the UK 130 David Hall and Cat Hobbs Chapter 10 A citizen wave to reclaim public and democratic 144 water in Catalan municipalities - Míriam Planas Conclusion Cities and citizens are writing the future of public 157 services - Olivier Petitjean and Satoko Kishimoto Appendix 1 List of (re)municipalisations Appendix 2 List of (re)nationalisations Appendix 3 Research methodology 4 Infographics (Re)municipalisation in public services worldwide 5 (Re)municipalisation in public services worldwide 6 (Re)municipalisation in public services worldwide 7 (Re)municipalisation in public services worldwide 8 (Re)municipalisation in public services worldwide 9 (Re)municipalisation in public services worldwide 10
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