Public Law 2000: Index

23 Pages·2000·3.9 MB·English

Index 743
Abuse of power, 683-684, 687, 689, 691, 696, Administrative law—cont
698 normative foundations, 231—239
Access to courts political theory, 237-239
courts, 517 public sector ombudsman, 590-591
documents, to, 519-520 traditional view, 231-235
lawyers, to, 711 Administrative tribunals, 248—249
legal aid, 517 Advertising of tobacco, 312-313
Accountability Advice, 538-539
audits, 335-336 AIDS/HIV, 131
dangerous dogs, 290 Ambulance service, 328
democracy, 615-616 Annulment actions, 127
European Central Bank, 151-153 Apartheid, 187, 189-190, 621-623
international law, 615-616 Appeals
ministers, report on, 130 1dministrative decision-making, 132
public authorities, 482—483, 492 isylum seekers, 135
public finance, 523 disciplinary proceedings, 321-322
public interest, 482-483 habeas corpus, 40-41
public service, 335-336 housing, 132
regulation, 290 Immigration Appeal Tribunal, 527
Scotland, 523 judicial review, 101-105, 653-654, 667
security services, 315 leave to remain, exceptional, 716-717
UK Constitution, 411, 412, 419 Pensions Ombudsman, 531—532
Acquis communautaire, 159-160 proportionality, 93, 101-105
Administrative action Registrar of Civil Appeals, abolition of, 123
EC law, 249-250 route of, 517, 700
damages, 21—30 social security, 142, 327
ex gratia compensation, 24-28 Arbitrators, 719-720
Parliamentary Commissioner for Armed forces
Administration, 21—30 citizens in uniform doctrine, 267-281
remedies, 21—30 Criminal Injuries Compensation, 529
wrongful, 21—30 detention, 708-709
Administrative Court, establishment of, 700 levolution, 12—13
Administrative decision-making European Convention on Human Rights,
appeals, 132 132
discretion, 117, 120-121 Human Rights Act 1998, 708-799
homelessness, 113-121 judicial review, 680
housing, 132 legitimate expectations, 529
judicial review, 110-122, 494-514, 653-656 Northern Ireland, 12—13, 268-272
667, 670-674, 678-679 police, assisting the, 267—268
legitimate expectations, 688-690, 693, 695 rationality, 529
697 riots, 274—277
local authorities, 113-121 sex discrimination, 125
Mental Health Review Tribunal, 494-514 sexual orientation, 132-133, 318, 680
self scrutiny of, 120-121 use of force, 268 278-281
Administrative law Arms to Iraq Inquiry, 1
judicial review, 669-670, 676-677 Arrest
legal theory, 237—239 immigration, 313
legitimate expectations, 682-683, 695-697 lawfulness. 535-536
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65—H9
trictions. 538
266-281
Act 1998, 27
266
P22 000] | PR. L. WinINtTeErR © Sweet & MAXWELL AND CONTRIBUTORS
1uzens in uniform do trine ne I tutional law mnt
Northern Ireland, 268-272 ssion, skipping a generation in Roy
yrigins of yp. Z LH 5
poli 267-268, 274-275 I SS il I ot
I 281 7
pu 266-28 1 ( t yns. S tution
Bahamas, 573-5
use of for 266-272, 278-281 Caribbean, 573-578
nship 1 yenaltv, 573-578
ficial review 2 | 6? 13.694
1.29 3
l 1 g, 606-624
8? Q3 \ ynstitutior ) >4
S Huma g N 15-597
| List, 703 I ind 36—337
1 Sel l >] 5 7 f 573 575
mmo ulth D pI nt ¢ rporat +96
4) j ¢ > =
! nity Legal Servi 57 ( See Bar
mpensat S Damages f Tribur 3
in rative action, 24-28 rges
leportatior 34-135 t 4¢ 18
’ 14-95, 134-135 ( H * er
rral 44 } 18
maladn yn, 24-28 14. 146-148
lical treatment r vs about, 329 det Ser tablist of »3
P. ntar (6 ] oner fo ( 1 R ( S 3 ;
nistrat 24-28 ( I ( ’ 529
mpetition, 164-165 tt S Cr il char S
ymprot 549-550. 664-668 , iatindlin all
mpu nisus 27-128 ( rut n), Pr t
lentialit 1 tor 52
I I 8 lom of ass 45-64
ur f royalties, 7 2 1 v, 659
1e€1 S ft thoug S f cut
ynscience and religio 1 tion, 7-2
nsautugvional law n, pr npuor 1 not bind
Commot! uth, 606-624 7-7
jeath penalty, 573-58 N rn Ireland. 9 14
Frar 727-728 1 8
ter anonal law, domes It tf, 606-624 >) 1, oy ?
dicial review, 232, 672-674 spplicabi =
isatiyf icataxe 19»9— %)22 . ’ )
tt} 53
568—572 ( S Deter 1
Lonity. 65—
t 5 1?
politi 374 tu 65—67
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Customary int ational law, 622—623 Europ Con nor Human R
55 —35¢
Dama See a Compensatio h n dignity $75
1dmunistrative acuion, wrongtul, 21—30 parliament
EC law, 126 I ilege, breach of, 556—559
xemplary, 539 pro dings, 333
n ber state liability, 126 politica formation, 351—35
misfeasance in public offi 539 jualified p ), 351-35
Parhamentary Commissioner for Det SM n
Administration, 21—3¢ Delay
Dangerous dogs death penalty, 573-574
accountability, 290 1 gated legisiation, 355
Better R lation Task For 282-283 European Convention on Human Rights
IRR—305 133
criteria adopted by, 288-297, 299 fair tria Lao
39305 Delegated legislation
missions, 298—299 lata protection, 509
breeds, types of, 284—291, 295 European Conve
stration, effects of, 285 dau
nsistency, 292—293 i ft, JOO- NM
> ) t Lords. 195 ry;
leaths caused by, 283-284 House of Lords, 195-1
otoary wad clipcimenen 299-300 HHuunm an RRiigg hts Act t 19199° 8, 1355 8373
_ terpretation, 358, 2366 4 63. 379-380
nforceability of measures against, 294—29¢ t . : ;
gr sige eR a
netic factors, 285-286, 291-292
ud u 379-380
ky rk responses’, avi 96
, 3971
legislative failure, 282—305
, Democra
po »byectives, I mciiatior t ’
$ ountabuility, 651-616
yntradictory, 29
>) 2 nstitutional watchdogs, 553-555
proportionality, 293 ;
‘ democratic deficit, 616
public support for measur wainst, 294, 299 :
' E pean Convention on Human Rught
regime under 1991 Act, 286-288
regula| tory fyifa]i lure and, 28)2 —305 $4 444
I liom of
risks from do 283-288 ternatior law. 615-616
tranz spIt airnge,n2 cy,2 91-228992- ?2 9 udicia6l 79I- 680 w., 669-670.. 672—¢ , 676
inintended consequel , avoidal yt , irl nt. 553. -555
196-797
- I ic protests, 630
Data protection. 309 :
t ich yer, 554-555
Death pI reignty, 228
Bsaalh ama1 317. 573-575. 577-578 UK ( ines 72 08
Carib1 bean 1 Constituti11o0n1s , 373-578 D tratior See Public prot
onnssttiittuuttuiioonnaall righh ts. 573—581 Deportation R
delay, 573-574 my ation, 13244 -14325
inhuman and deg: rading treatment, 575-576 fami. ly liiffe , righth e ¢t o resp tf tor, 7228 7% )
Inter-American Commission on Human Fras 792799
RighS ts, 317, 573 i nal $ 715) _7]
American Conver n Humar private | rightto resp or, 728
Riogwh ts, 57744 tionship 2799
rpretanion, 3/5-5/d Wetentio S Habea i
legitimate expectations, 573-581 1 forces. 708-709
right tol ife, 573-575 ir 15-316, 537
treat I/8-IG1 European Convention on Human Ruigt
Yecision-making. See a A dmunistrative 49-43. 710-711
decision-making Humar ts Act 1998. 708-709
discretion, 368, 370 gal entrants, vehicles used for, 314
judgment, 368, 369 inhuman and degrading at 315
Declarations of incompatibility, 359, 365-366 Her Maijesty’s Pleasure, at. 315-316, 5
Defamation nental disabilities, 38-39, 710-71
treedom of expression, 129, 35 357 pol reviews by, 326—327
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LD olution | 101 '
immed tor 12-13 1, 372
(_rowl la urity ) 2
ipplicability of statutes to 0) ibjectivity, 368
reserved matters, 8—14 Discrimination. See also Equal treatment, Rac
European Convention on Human Right liscrimination, Sex discrimination
309, 526 of action, survival of, 704
executive, applicability of statutes to ») lifferentiation, as, 189
legislanion lisability, 125. 521
intention, 8-11 European Charter of Fundamental Right
inter-governmental applicability of, 0) 19-180
power, 8-11 Eur in Convention on Human Right
presumption of obedience to, 17—20 )
Memorandum of Understanding, 124 unan dignity |
papers, a to earlier, 309-310 lirect, 188, 189
reports, 140 I 925
I rved matters, 8-14 r1K 26)
seizure, 13 xual orientation }
lf-incrimination, priv lege against, 52¢ youth Africa, 187-192
statutes, inter-governmental applicability of nisation, 528
%) 1) nts. ac to. 519 ”)
statutory interpretation, 78 LD See Dangerous dogs
UK Constitution, 386-387, 396-398 Drivi tter 146-148
402-404 ) m, 614
Dignity. See Human dignity Dut f car
Direct ett t b in {PR
wreements, 705-70 lisabled persor $3
4, : 7 ane
) 250. 523. 705-706 vuthor +")
environmental impact assessment, 523 poli towards 22
nternationalla w, 612 { hiatric harm, 538
public authorities, 476 1 pupils, 143
Director of Public Prosecutions, 560—561 1) i 327-328, 724
Disability discrimination, 125, 521
Disabled persons. See also Mental disabiliti EC law
Special educatic needs Hn re, 159 (
liscrimination, 125, 521 in rat ction, 249-25
luty of car 143 nnulment actior 2
school pupils, 143 ition agreement ) (
Disciplinary proceedings shooting of >
ippeals, 321—322 ) f,, t2 3-724
European Convention on Human Rights nsent 20
144-146 la | 2¢
tair trials, 144—14¢ lirect effect, 80, 250, 523
France, 144-146 ) iv rect effect of $23
independent and impartial tribunals, 145—14¢ locuments, ac s to, 519-52
malicious prosecution, 328 ror ntal impact assessment, 523
orisoners’ rights, 65-66 } treatment, 562—5¢
Di European Court of Justic 185-186
listrative decision-making, 11 I-12 $84—485
decision-making, 368 Factortame case, payment of claims, 706
guidelines, 371—372 f 127
health authority resources, 135—13¢ fishing vessels, 126
interpretation, 372 plied repeal doctrine, 250
judgment junctions restraining implementation of
contusion with, 372—373 lirectives, 312—313
distinguishing from, 368-373 udicial review, 320
judiciary, 372-373 idiciary, 249
legitimate expectations, 688-689, 694-695 ul profession, 523
local authorities, 372-373 gitimate expectations, 695
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748 Index
EC law—cont European Charter of Fundamental Rights—cont
member state liability, 126 economic rights, 183-184
misfeasance in public office, 723-724 enforcement, 182, 184-185
passport control, 126-127 equal pay, 179
pollution, 126, 705 European Convention on Human Rights
proportionality, 92, 95-96, 103-09 180-183, 185—186
public authorities, 484-486 European Court of Justice, role of, 185-186
race discrimination, 562—56 evidence, obtained by compulsion, 317-318
ship registration, 126 *xecutive policies, compliance of, 184-185
sovereignty of, 206-207, 249-250 expansion of EU, consequences of, 181
statutory interpretation, 80-82 human rights commission, establishment of
tobacco advertising, 312-313 185
transposition into national law of, 80-8 individual right of complaint, 184-185
UK Constitution, 159-160, 162 legislation, compliance with, 184-185
Economic rights, 183 nature of rights in, 182-184
Education. See also Schools persons drawing up, 183-184
legitimate expectations, 136 reports. 185. 706
dyslLeoxe ics, duty of care > owed- ,| to, 3L12977 -32389 , 7>2 4 Social 1 'C hapter, 41 79
~orlior ce yy.
negligence, 724 rights, 179, 181, 183-184
re »-relat pav, 70 05 . -
pertormance-related pa y Treaties of EU, relationship with, 185-186
sppeecc ial e> ducatit onal neee ds, 31321.2 , 3636 9-370 Treaty on European Un' ion, 179
EI universiti,e s, 530, 727-728 European Convention on Human Rights. See
eHc tions . hI ilj so Fair trials, Human Rights Act 1‘9 98
, yme Afttair:s Selectp as Committee 4th RepPo«r t Independe, nt and impartial tri1 bunal '
response to 125 . * 146-447
immigr$ ation, 522-523 ss to ,l awyers. ae 711
legitimate expectations, 136 8
‘ * ; 13 irmed forces, 132
pre-election pledges, 136 satel
. ; I assisted reproduction, 71—72
mpicyment . - a
F ivil its and obligations, 144—145
equal treatment, 562-563 lonial instability, 449
colonial insta
race discrimination, 564 : gy
Communist threat, 448-449
tribunals, 134
mndence, 711-712
infair dismissal, 521 1 , =
rporal punishment, 6
working time, 706 713
Employment tribunals1 , 132 4 ourts uties of l;o wer, >
Entry, powers of, .3 14 ;r iminal chargoecst,a ne1 44, 146-148
detamation, 335-356
Environs See also Pollution a :
Siti delay. 133
lirectives, direct effect of, 523 an : |
EC law, 52a3 delegated legislation, 318 |
environmental impact assessment, | 523 democracy, preserving, 441-444
795-7%6 detention, 42-43, 710-711
planning, 725-726 devolution, 309, 526
Scotland. 126 disciplinary proceedings, 144-146
United States, comparison with, 156—157 discrimination, 562
waste, 525 drafting, 439
Equal pay, 310 driving offences, 146-148
Equal treatment European Charter of Fundamental Rights
EC law, 562-567 180-183, 185-186
employment, 562-563 European Court of Human Rights, 441,
race discrimination, 566 452-453, 714
European Central Bank, 151-153 European Union, accession to, 186
European Charter of Fundamental Rights, France, 144-148
178-186 freedom of assembly, 630-648
wreement of rights to be contained in treedom of expression, 88-91, 625-648
182-184 Government's perception of, 438-455
background to, 178-180 habeas corpus, 32, 42-43
cases for and against, 180-182 human dignity, 75
civil and political rights, 182-184 international law, appropriate subjects of, 450
context, 178-180 interpretation, 86-91, 381—382
discrimination, 179-180 judicial review, 674, 677-681
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European Convention on Human Rights—cont xecutive cont
judiciary, 250-251 fair trials, 133
temporary, 515 internal control, 545-546
mail, interference with, 711-712 international law, 615-617
margin of appreciation, 446, 639, 641-642 judiciary and, 51-53, 170:
medical treatment, 69, 71-72 life sentences, 377—3 Ss
mental disabilities, 42-43, 710-711 rule of law, control by, 19
Norway, 603-605 sentenc ing, 316
optional provisions, 451—452 statutes, inter-governmental applicability of,
acceptance of, 452—454 7—20
rejection of, 447—452 tructure, 545-546
Parliamentary sovereignty, 380-382, 444—44¢ UK Constitution, 545-546
449-450 xecutive Non-Departmental Public Bodies
political pressure, 453-454 reports, 524
proportional representation, 444 xpulsion. See Deportation
proportionality, 639-642 xtradition
public authorities, 492-4934 computer misuse, 127-128
public protests, 625, 627-628 crime, whether offence is extradition
religion, 254—255, 258—259,263-265 07 708
retrospectivity, 87-88
habeas corpus, 37-38, 41
right to life, 439
Ireland, 313
rulings, potential effects of, 714 Pinochet case, 524
self-incrimination, privilege against, 526
supery ised rele Ase, CS« ipe from, 707
sexual orientation, 132
social security, 145
uir trials. See also Independent and impartial
state sovereignty, 449
tribunals
temporary judges, 515
tas, 516, 55 27, 714
terms, negotiating, 438-441
hildren, 66, 315 316
terrorism, 711
corruption, presumption of, 133
torture, 87
133
UK Constitution, 165, 250-251, 386—387
402—403. 431. 434-436 divsicdi,e pnlcien,a ry 31h6e—a3r1in7g s, 144-146
European Court of Human Rights, 441,
452-453, 714 France 144 148
human dignity 66
European Union. See also EC law, European
Charter of Fundamental Rights Human Rights Act 1998, 136-137 360—367
developments in, white paper on, 70 inter eption of communications, 702
enlargement, 523 judiciary, part-time, 306
European Central Bank, 151-153 jury trials, 526-527
European Convention on Human Rights, legitimate expectations, 13
accession to, 186 privacy, 702
expansion of 181 prosecutions, 136—137
judicial review, 238-239 Scotland, 306
single currency, 155-156 urness See also Fair trials
Social Charter, 435-436 informers, 712-713
Structural Funds, 150-151 legitimate expectations, 683-685, 687-688,
UK Constitution, 401, 403 691
Evidence prisoners’ rights, 531
compulsion, obtained under legal, 317-318 Saville Tribunal on Bloody Sunday, 1—2
European Convention on Human Rights False imprisonment, 67, 709
317-318 Fa mily life, right to respect for
fair trials, 316—317 ssisted reproduction, 71—772
interception of communications, 518-519 European Convention on Human Rights,
Executions. See Death penalty 71 79
729
Executive expulsion, 728
accountability, 615-616 France, 72% 799
autonomy, 545—546 same sex relationships, 728-729
control, 615-616 Federalism
delay, 133 centralisation, 618-619
devolution, 7-20 international law, 613, 618-619
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750 Index
Federalism mnt Freedom of expression—cont
regionalisation, 618-619 reporting restrictions, 538
UKIK ¢C onstMihtruuttiioon , 33 91, 33 94-39*6 , %3 98, 4011 statutory interpretation, 63(2
Fijn,i 619-626121., 62632 3-6224 UK Constitution, 433 2
Fj i'i rnee s> ,i rmn 1s2 »7 71 o FFrreeeeddoomm ooff tihnofto rmation, 1302 , 3> 09,i nd 48r0e ligion,
Food 954-255
Food Standards Agency, 327
powers of entry, 314
prisoners’ rights, 722
F otball offences, 134
F ce. See Use of force
ox hunting, 348-349, » 529s 0 moderi nisation, 331155
I rance — North: ern Ireland, nd 720
isssis!i mullaattii on,1. llaa ck ot f, JF +(} I+ organisations. 491
compeIn sation, 3Ma2e9 ade I publ} ic authorities, 491 1
onstitutional law, regulation inside1,. 5c 46—5c4 9
criminal charges, 144, 146-148
representative, 409—41( 1 117
deportation 728-729 . ee : “ee
: we responsible, 410—411
liscitp linary pI roceedings, 144-146 UK Constitution, 409-417
driving offences, 146-148 :
Greater London Authority, 323
European Convention on Human Rights
tair trials, 144-148
tamily: lite, right ‘ to respect for, - 72e8e-7-e 2 9 iae niddiecp.ie anrdyee en; t nee 5-a5ns1dsi6 mpaerrt ial netriebun al, 1677-11 77
ndependent and impartial tribunal, 145-146
mjeuas drirciiaagrey,, iancqdueipseintdieonnc e. of ofn,a tion3a3: l1i-“t 3y3 3i tg hrough Guilstey. p arbuatt iionnsoa fne Pp owveerrsd,i cts,1 671—2137 7
540-542 Gypsic
mnaetdiiocnaalli t: y,t reatamceqnuti,s itio.3 n2 9-of3, 3<2 540 pesrysleucumt ioene esee koefrs,, 33a11 99., 7711"44 --771155 4
private life, right to re
public law, 247-248
same sex rel, ationships ee Hab rpus, 31-44
iiiall itisains eee accelerated hearings, 40
niversity professors, in 1 ider of unomalies in. 41
797-78 yppeals, 40-41
warnings, 329-331 siosaner. denctas
De Eg aro istody time limits, 31—32
Fr edom of assembly deficiencies, 32—33
blanket bans. 640-641. 644-647 European Convention on Human Right
criminal offences, 645-646 42—43
European Convention on Human Rights xtradition, 37-38, 41
630-648 false imprisonment, 709
interpretation, 636—637 history of, 34—35
prior restraint, 640 1 ntrants, 3
public protests, 630-648 ju il review, 33, 39. 41-43
trespassory assembly, 625, 631, 633, 646 we for, 39-40
UK Constitution, 413-414, 432 mental health detention, 38—39, 42-43
Freedom of expression prerogative writ, as, 33—34
letamation, 129, 351—357 prisoners’ release dates, 40
lemocracy, 626—627 procedural advantages of, 39-41
European Convention on Human Rights recent operation of, 35-39
88-91. 625-648 retusal of relief, no discretion on, 4
Human R Act 1998. 625-648 nits. 40
hicial r 673 f. 31-44
idiciary, ¢ 648 Harassment
politics, 353-357. 625-648 ail il
public protests, 625-648 human dignity, 64
jualified privilege, 351-357, 524 njyunctions, 64
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Index 751
Harassment—cont Housing, 132
racial, 564 Human dignity
telephone calls, 64 isylum seekers, 62-63
Health. See Health authorities, Health hildren, 67—68
Ombudsman, Mental Health Review orporal punishment, 67
Tribunals, National Health Service ustody, treatment in, 65—67
Health authorities lefamation, 74-75
discretion, 135-136 European Convention of Human Rights, 75
legitimate expectations, 682-699 fair s of children, 66
resources, 135-136 family life, right to respect for, 71-72
Healt| h Ser: vice : Ombudsjm an ; harassment, 64
internal complaints procedure, exhaustion of Human Rights Act 1998. 61. 76
586 legal value. as. 61-76
*ports. 137. 720
reports, 15 Z life sentences, 66
Herereed itary peeeerrasgcee ibolition of»,f 31 38-1133 9 medical ’ treatment. 6 > = ?
119933--1199 4 p ution. victimes of 62-63
HIV, 131 prisoners’ rights, 65= —6 47
H* ome care services, onc5e2 1 private l, ife, right to respect for, a 72-=7 4
o.m elessanee protection of, 62
1dmsian?is trative decision-mDig akipnai g, ea1e 13-121 publ|i c authorities, 61--6—2
judicial review, 112-113, 652-653, 658 ; Sages
pe 4 blicity, 72-73
local authorities, 112—121 , ae
: racial hatred, incitement to, 74
Homosexuals. See Sexual orientation : . 7374
$i sado-masochism, 73
Hourso f work, 706 . ++
xual orientation 5 4
House of Commons, 139
Human rights. See also Civil liberties, European
Human Rights Act 1998, 553
Charter of Fundamental R European
slation, scrutiny of, 553-555
Convention on Human Rights, Human
a he Rights Act 1998
scrutiny, 553-555
as in uniform doctrine 281
standards, reports on, 139 Fi, 620
UK Constitution, 407, 410, 429 : fe
H fl Human Rights Select Committee, 594
ouse of Lords
Appointments Commission, role of, :1 97, v3s2 6 Inter-American oh Commission on Human
delegated | gislation, 19r5a- 196 17 573
lual role of, 166-177 Inter-American Convention on Human
hereditary peerage, 138-139, 193-194
indj ependent and j impartial } tribunal,1 1164 717 tional law, 624
legislation, scrutiny of, 5e5e4 —5a5e5 JJoin t Committee on, 71.4
ante —_ 66-221
life peers, 196-197 public defence, 266-281
. — Human Rughts 998
Lord Chancellor, 166-1 juman Rights Act 1
’ rmed forces, 708—709
Lords of Appeal, participation on reform of .
724 uizens in uniform, 278-281
overseas comparisons, 199-200 leclarations if incompatibility, 359, 365-366
peerage, 1125 3 1329 . 1932- 19441k . 196-19 5 1! graatted ec legigsilsaltaitoinon,, 35'8 -373
popula] rism, 41 17 418 dala t yf e)n actmentnt of, 3355°9
public protest, 626 lleetteennttiioonn., 7O70R) —7009
reform. 5ae3 4. 5ee5 4-55a5E. “a 720: es I niiaal s, 15A6e- 13153 7 3«% 60—3 va
regionally selected members, 197-198 freedom of expression, 625-648
register of members’ interests, 534 House of Commons, 553
religious representation 197 nhumatr dignity, 61, 76
Royal Commission on the Reform of Human Rights Act Research Unit, 592-594
176-177. 193-200 Human Rights Digest, 593-594
membership of, 194 terpretation, 358, 361-363, 380
report on, 195-199 326 ju ial review, 655-656, 659, 667, 673
Scotland, 138 iary, 50, 170-171, 177, 252-253
crutny, 554-555 625-6048
eparationo f powers, 166 177 rislation, 553—554
ize of, 198 gitimate expectations, 136-137, 698
UK Constitution, 407, 410, 417-418 Mental Health Review Tribunal, 514
vetoes, 195-196 parliamentary soverel y, 251
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752
Inde x
Human Rights Act 1998—cont Independent and impartial tribunals—cont
prior restraints, 645 Guernsey, 167-177
private life, right to respect for, House of Lords, 167
proportionality, 95 96, 106-109 judiciary, 170—174, 515
prosecutions, 136—137 Lord Chancellor, 167-1
protests, 62 5 648 Scotland, 515
public authorities, 476-493, 638 paration of powers, 167-177
public functions, 476—493 Information. See Freedom of information
public protests,¢ 648 Informers, 309, 712 13
raising points on, 713-714 Inhuman and degrading treatment
religion, 254-265 children, 315-316
retrospectivity, 362 death penalty, 575-576
right to life, 278-281 Her Majesty's Pleasure, detention at, 315-316
rule of law, 377 prisoners’ rights, 65-66
statutory interpretation, 77—91 Injunctions
surveillance, 72—73 EC law, 312-313
UK Constitution, 431—434 harassment, 64
uiffa vire 358-360, 362 public authorities, 53
use of for 278-281 standing, 537
victims, 364 tobacco advertising, 312
Hunting, 34 8-349. 520 Inter-American Commission on Human
Rights, 317, 573
Immigration Inter-American Convention on Human Rights
ippe als, 5 7. 716-717 574
arrest, 31 Interception of communications, 72-73
detention »f vehicles, 314 Chief Surveillance Commissioner, report of
elections 5 ” 523 799
habeas con Mu 4 mplaints, 520
il entrants, 37 ler 518-519
Immugrati on and Asylum Act ] 999 main fair trials )2
provisions of, 318-319 foreign. 702
Immigration and Nationality Directorate’s poli 518-519
isework progr imme, report on 32 > priva 702
Immigration Appeal Tribunal, report, 703
powers of 5 +7 International law. See also Treaties an
judicial re view, 652 656, 658 660. 662 onventions
665 H6¢ ) accountability, 615-616
leave to enter Australia, 617
leave to remain, autonomy, 615
exe epic ynal ‘ntralisation, 618-619
penalties, 3] +{ Commonwealth, 606-624
standing 717 18 constitutional modelling, 606—624
statistics, 135 ustomary law, 622-623
Immunity. See also Public interest immunity democratic deficit, 616
criminal cases, 519 lirect effect, 612
legal profession, lomestic effect of, 606-624
>
police, 14 3 721 dualism, 614
public interest, 519 xecutive
Scotland, 349-350 ontrol, 615-616
sovereign, OS judiciary and, 616-617
Impartiality. See Bias, Independent and impartia federalism, 613, 618-619
tribuna Is Fiji, 620
Implied repeal doctrine, governmental organisations, 612 613
Incitement to racial hatred, 73 human rights, 624
Independent and impartial tribunals international engagement, 615
disciplinary hearings, 145-146 interpretation, 613
employment tribunals, 134 judiciary, 616-617
European Convention on Human Rights, legal positivism, 614
145 146 monism, 614
France, | 45 146 egionalisation, 618-619
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