Public Education on Diet and Cancer: Proceeding of the 9th Annual Symposium of the European Organization for Cooperation in Cancer Prevention Studies (ECP), Madrid , Spain, October 17–19, 1991

198 Pages·1992·4.38 MB·English

by  E. Benito (auth.), Dr E. Benito, Dr A. Giacosa, Dr M. J. Hill (eds.)

PUBLIC EDUCATION
ON DIET AND CANCER
DEVELOPMENTS IN ONCOLOGY
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PUBLIC EDUCATION
ON DIET AND CANCER
Proceeding s of the 9th Annual Symposiu m of the European
Organizatio n for Cooperatio n in Cancer Preventio n Studies (ECP),
Madrid, Spain, October 17-19, 1991
edited by
Dr E BENITO
Unitat d'epidemiologia i Registre del Cancer del Mallorca
Misericordia 2
E-07012 Palma de Mallorca
Spain
Dr A GIACOSA
National Institute for Cancer Research
Viale Benedetto XV, 10
1-16132 Genova
Italy
Dr MJ HILL
European Cancer Prevention
PO Box 1199
Andover
Hants. SP10 1YN
UK
w
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
European Organization for Cooperation in Cancer Prevention Studies.
Symposium (9th : 1991 : Madrid, Spain)
Public education on diet and cancer : proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium
of the European Organization for Cooperation in Cancer Prevention Studies (ECP),
Madrid, Spain, October 17-19,1991 / edited by E. Benito, A. Giacosa, M.J. Hill,
p. cm. — (Developments in oncology.)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-94-010-5327-3 ISBN 978-94-011-2986-2 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-2986-2
1. Cancer—Nutritional aspects—Congresses. 2. Cancer—Prevention—Congresses.
3. Health education—Congresses. 4. Cancer—Diet therapy—Congresses.
I. Benito, E. II. Giacosa, A. III. Hill, M.J. IV. Title. Series.
[DNLM: 1. Diet—adverse effects—congresses. 2. Health Education—congresses.
3. Neoplasms—etiology—congresses. 4. Neoplasms—prevention & control—
congresses. Wl DE998N v. 70 / QZ 202 E89P 1991]
RC268.45E87 1991
616.99'405—dc20
DNLM/DLC
for Library of Congress 92-13419
CIP
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-94-010-5327-3
Copyright
© 1992 by Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1992
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise, without prior permission from the publishers,
Springer-Science+Business Media, B.V..
Contents
Foreword vii
List of Contributors ix
Part One General Background
Chapter 1 Overview of dietary recommendations on diet and 3
cancer
E Benito
Chapter 2 Carcinogens and mutagens in the diet 13
WK Lutz, J Schlatter
Chapter 3 Anticarcinogens/inhibitors in the diet 25
MJ Hill
Chapter 4 Role of vitamins and micronutrients 35
EB Thorling
Chapter 5 Animal studies on diet and cancer: are they of 43
value?
APMaskens
Part1\vo Update Papers
Chapter 6 Diet and colorectal cancer 53
J Faivre
Chapter 7 Diet and breast cancer 69
Fde Waard
Chapter 8 Diet and gastric cancer 75
PI Reed
Chapter 9 Fibre and resistant starch and cancer 85
ARLeeds
v
vi Public Education on Diet and Cancer
Chapter 10 Public education on diet and cancer: calories, 91
weight and exercise
C La Vecchia, E Negri
Chapter 11 Dietary fats and cancer - an update 101
PAJudd
Chapter 12 Alcohol and cancer 115
S Franceschi
Chapter 13 Are dietary recommendations in coronary heart 131
disease and cancer prevention compatible?
FJKok
Part Three Mediterranean Diet
Chapter 14 Mediterranean diet, disease and nutrition guidelines 135
A Trichopoulou
Chapter 15 Mediterranean diet and cancer 143
G Varela
Part Four Considerations When Giving Advice
Chapter 16 Ethics of dietary advice for cancer prevention 163
A Giacosa, P Visconti, R Filiberti, F Merlo
Chapter 17 Risk assessment: likely effect of dietary advice on 175
cancer
HCWde Vet
Chapter 18 Final conclusions 189
MJ Hill, E Benito, A Giacosa
Index of Authors 193
Subject Index 194
Foreword
The European Cancer Prevention Organization (ECP) was established in
1981 with the objective of developing studies of the aetiology and preven
tion of cancer through concerted-action European collaborative studies.
It achieves this through the organization of annual symposia, the organiz
ation of workshops on subjects of topical interest and the organization of
research projects.
The annual symposia have all been on themes of high priority for cancer
prevention; namely Tobacco and Cancer (1983), Hormones and Sexual
Factors in Human Cancer Aetiology (1984), Diet and Human Carcinogen
esis (1985), Concepts and Theories in Carcinogenesis (1986), Causation
and Prevention of Colorectal Cancer (1987), Gastric Carcinogenesis
(1988), Breast, Ovarian and Endometrial Cancer: Aetiological and Epi
demiological Relationships (1989) and Causation and Prevention of
Human Cancer (1990). At the time of the 1985 symposium a workshop
was organized in conjunction with IUNS to formulate a set of dietary
guidelines for the prevention of human cancer. Those guidelines were
published inNutrition and Cancer, but since then there has been a massive
increase in information on diet and cancer and so it was decided that in
1991 we would again have a symposium and an associated workshop on
public education on diet and cancer. The symposium was structured into
a number of sections, the first of which included a review of the various
sets of published guidelines together with general background papers on
dietary carcinogens, anticarcinogens (particularly the vitamins) and the
value of animal models in studying diet and human cancer. The second
included updates on diet in relation to major sites of carcinogenesis and
on the role of specific aspects of the diet (e.g. fat, alcohol, total energy,
fibre). The third session was on the Mediterranean diet whilst the final
section was on aspects of the implementation of guidelines (e.g. ethical
issues, the likely benefits of particular dietary changes etc). These papers
were precirculated to the workshop members who then used the informa
tion to determine whether particular guidelines from 1985 needed to be
VII
viii Public Education on Diet and Cancer
modified, abandoned, reinforced, or remain unchanged. Some general
conclusions are discussed in the final chapter of this book.
The whole exercise was financially supported by the Spanish League
against Cancer and by the Spanish Ministry of Health to whom we would
like to express our grateful thanks. We are also indebted to Theresa
Gallagher who was responsible for precirculation of the papers to the
workshop participants and for preparation of the papers in diskette form
for the publication of this book, and to Mme Chantal Cattoir and Marie
Christine Gueurr for their hard work in the organization and administra
tion of the meeting.
The 1992 symposium will be on precancerous lesion of the digestive
tract and will be held in San Remo, Italy, on 5-7 November.
Ust of Contributors
DrEBenito
Unitat d'Epidemiiologia i Registre del Cancer de Mallorca, Misericordia 2,
E-07012 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Professor J Faivre
Registre des Tumeurs Digestives, Faculte de Medicine, 7 Boulevarde Jeanne
d'Arc, F-21033 Dijon, France
Dr S Franceschi, Epidemiology Unit, Aviano Cancer Center, Via Pedemontana
Occ, 330B1 Aviano (PN), Italy
Dr A Giacosa
Instituto Scientifico Tumori, Viale Benedetto Xv, 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
Dr MJ Hill
European Cancer Prevention, PO Box 1199, Andover, Hants SPlO 1YN, UK
Dr PA Judd
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, King's College (Kensington), Campden
Hill Road, London WB 7A H, UK
DrFJKok
CIVO-TNO, PO Box 360, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands
Dr AR Leeds
Department of Nutrition, Kings College (Kensington), Campden Hill Road,
London WB 7A H, UK
DrWKLutz
Institute of Toxicology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and University of
Zurich, Schorenstrasse 16, CH-BB03 Schwerzenbach bei Zurich, Switzerland
Dr A Maskens
Avenue Lambeau 62, 1200-Brussels, Belgium
IX
x Public Education on Diet and Cancer
Dr PI Reed
Lady Sobell Gastrointestinal Unit, Wexham Park Hospital, Slough, Berks SL2
4HL,UK
Dr EB Thorling
Danish Cancer Society, Department of Nutrition and Cancer, Norrebrogade 44,
DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Dr A 1fichopoulou
University of Athens, School of Medicine, Department of Hygiene and
Epidemiology, GR-111527 Athens, Greece
Professor G Varela
Department of Nutrition, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense,
Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Dr C La Vecchia
Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche, "Mario Negri", Via Eritrea 62, 20157
Milano, Italy
DrHCWdeVet
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, PO Box 616, 6200 MD
Maastricht, The Netherlands
DrFde Waard
Preventicon, Radboudkwartier 261, NL-3511 CK Utrecht, The Netherlands