Public Adminsitration Workbook For UPSC, PCS, NET and Other Examinations

315 Pages·2010·1.801 MB·English

by  K. M. Pathi

Public Administration
Workbook
(for the UPSC, PCS, NET and other Examinations)
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Public
Administration
Workbook
(for the UPSC, PCS, NET
and other Examinations)
K. M. P
ATHI
Chandigarh(cid:121)Delhi(cid:121)Chennai
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The aim of this publication is to supply information taken from sources believed to be valid and reliable.
This is not an attempt to render any type of professional advice or analysis, nor is it to be treated as such.
While much care has been taken to ensure the veracity and accuracy of the information presented within,
neither the publisher nor its authors bear any responsibility for any damage arising from inadvertent
omissions, negligence or inaccuracies (typographical or factual) that may have found their way into this
book.
Copyright © 2010 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd
This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold,
hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher's prior written consent in any form of binding
or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition
being imposed on the subsequent purchaser and without limiting the rights under copyright reserved
above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise),
without the prior written permission of both the copyright owner and the above-mentioned publisher of
this book.
ISBN 978-81-317-2686-0
First Impression
Published by Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd., licencees of Pearson Education in South Asia.
Head Offi ce: 482, F.I.E., Patparganj, Delhi 110 092, India.
Registered Offi ce: 14 Local Shopping Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi 110 017, India.
Laser typeset by Rachna Graphics, Chandigarh
Printed in India at
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Dedicated to Maharaj ji
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Contents
Preface ix
Chapter 1
Meaning, Scope, Signifi cance, Evolution and Status of Public Administration 1
Chapter 2
Basic Concepts and Principles 31
Chapter 3
Theories of Administration 58
Chapter 4
Administrative Behaviour 90
Chapter 5
Administrative Systems 122
Chapter 6
Personnel Administration 151
Chapter 7
Accountability and Control 177
Chapter 8
Financial Administration 209
Chapter 9
Union Government and Administration in India 239
Chapter 10
Civil Services in India 278
Chapter 11
State, District and Local Administration 297
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Preface
The civil services is one of the most appealing and attractive career options available to university
graduates in India. However, the aspirant needs to prepare meticulously for the long drawn-out
process of examination and interview. The examination process consists of three stages: the initial
screening in the form of a preliminary examination, followed by the mains and the personal inter-
view. Although the preliminary examination is meant to be for screening purposes, it is a very critical
part of the examination process as it is the ‘passport’ to the next stage.
An aspirant has a number of optional subjects available for taking his preliminary examination
and public administration is one the most chosen of the optionals because of varied reasons. My
intention here is not to discuss the virtues of public administration as an optional but to present a
learning and assessment tool for public administration in the form of this workbook. The purpose of
writing this workbook is to provide the student with a tool to judge his preparation and analyse their
strengths and weaknesses.
In the recent past, public administration as an optional for prelims in civil services examina-
tion has become popular and considered as a ‘safe’ optional by aspirants. The aspirants consider an
optional subject to be safe only when it offers a certain degree of assurance and comfort level with
regard to results. Along with the growing popularity of public administration, the trend of questions
asked in the preliminary examinations is also witnessing a change. If we analyse the question papers
of recent past, the management theories and concepts are now making their presence felt. As a
discipline, public administration has a lot in common with management, especially in organization
theory and organization behaviour. It is this new element, which the student has to address and the
workbook focuses attention to this particular area.
The workbook comprises multiple-choice questions (mostly composite questions) systematically
aligned to the prescribed syllabus. For facilitating the assessment, the workbook has questions from
each and every topic of the syllabus. If the questions form the assessment aspect of the workbook,
the solutions along with comprehensive explanations the end of each chapter form the learning
component. The explanations in itself can be utilized by the aspirant for learning purposes. In fact,
the learning content can be utilized by the aspirant to complement his study material.
Before I conclude, I wish to acknowledge the support of my wife, Dr Etee Bahadur, and if not
for the good behaviour of my two little daughters, Krtvi and Aadhya, the workbook would not have
seen the light of the day.
I sincerely hope that the workbook as a learning and assessment tool measures up to the expecta-
tions of the aspirants.
K. M. PATHI
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About the Author
K. M. Pathi is an independent consultant, coach and a writer. He has been associated with designing
and delivering learning content for almost a decade. As an independent consultant and coach, he
has been associated with career guidance and coaching programmes of numerous universities. He
has written extensively in India Today’s (Living Media Ltd) career magazine, Gyan Bhandar.
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1
Chapter

Meaning, Scope, Significance,
Evolution and Status of
Public Administration
MEANING AND SCOPE 3. Consider the following statements:
According to Dwight Waldo:
1. Public administration does not exist
1. Which of the following pairs are correctly
in the world of objective reality.
matched?
2. Public administration is informed by
1. Woodrow Wilson: “Evolution of gov-
value pluralism.
ernment in three phases”
3. Public administration is oriented to
2. James Mooney, Alan Reiley: “Adminis-
facts.
tration is a science”
4. Administrative facts can be verifi ed by
3. Behaviouralism: “Decisions become
the unit of analysis” empirical observation.
a
4. Development Administration: “Ad- 1 and 2 are correct
ministration is a sub system of Politi- b 3 and 4 are correct
c
cal system” 1 and 3 are correct
a 1, 2, 3 are correct d 2 and 4 are correct
b 2, 3, 4 are correct 4. Consider the following statements:
c All are correct Public administration
d None are correct 1. is related to enforcement of public
2. Consider the following statements: policy.
1. Implementation of laws by civil ser- 2. is related only to executive branch of
vants actually defi nes what the laws the State, it excludes legislative and
mean to citizens. judicial agencies.
2. Public administration is horizontally 3. is concerned with management of the
governed. civil service.
3. Public administration can only be un- 4. is ideally closed administration.
derstood outside of the ‘public’. a 1, 2, 3 are correct
4. Public can be served only inside of ef- b 2, 3, 4 are correct
fi cient administration. c
1, 3, 4 are correct
a
1 and 2 are correct d 1 and 3 are correct
b 3 and 4 are correct
c 1 and 4 are correct 5. The term ‘public administration’ is used
d 2 and 3 are correct to denote:
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2 Public Administration
1. The activity of public servants 3. is concerned with ‘what’ and ‘how’ of
2. The activity of politicians government.
3. The structure of executive govern- 4. refers to the activities of the executive
ment branches of the national, state and lo-
cal governments.
4. The structure of judicial government
a
a 1, 2, 3 are correct
1, 3 are correct
b 2, 3, 4 are correct b 2, 3, 4 are correct
c
c 1, 3, 4 are correct
1, 3, 4 are correct
d All are correct
d All are correct
Directions:
6. Which of the following are the features of The following items consist of two statements,
public administration? one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other
as Reason (R). You are to examine these two
1. Public accountability
statements carefully and decide if the Assertion
2. Equity
(A) and the Reason (R) are individually true and
3. Legality
if so, whether the Reason is a correct explanation
4. Diversity
of the Assertion. Select your answer to these
a
1, 2, 3 are correct
items using the codes given below and mark
b 2, 3, 4 are correct
your answer in the answer sheet accordingly.
c
1, 3, 4 are correct
Codes:
d All are correct a Both A and R are true and R is the
correct explanation of A
7. “Administration has to do with getting
b Both A and R are true but R is not a
things done…Public administration is
correct explanation of A
that part of the science of administration
c
A is true but R is false
which has to do with government and thus d A is false but R is true
concerns itself primarily with the execu-
tive branch where the work of the govern- 9. Assertion (A): According to the manage-
rial school point of view, administration
ment is done, though there are obviously
is the organization and use of men and
problems also in connection with the leg-
materials in the pursuit of common objec-
islative and judicial branches.”
tives.
The above quote refl ects the public ad-
Reason (R): The managerial school lim-
ministration view of:
ited the scope of public administration to
a
The Integral School
the techniques of management.
b The Managerial School
c 10. Consider the following statements:
The Behavioural School
d The Human Relations School Administration is:
1. a universal activity.
8. Consider the following statements:
2. concerned with management of hu-
Public Administration
man affairs.
1. consists of all those operations having
3. as broadly based as the whole range of
for their purpose, the fulfi llment or
social activities.
enforcement of public policy as de-
4. similar in meaning to the term ‘man-
clared by competent authority. agement’.
2. is a detailed and systematic applica- a 1, 2, 3 are correct
tion of law. b 2, 3, 4 are correct
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