psychiatric morbidities in people living with hiv/aids

294 Pages·2012·2.21 MB·English

by  Shaikh Abdul Rajjak

PSYCHIATRIC MORBIDITIES
IN
PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS
(A STUDY OF HIV POSITIVE CASES OF GUJARAT)
PH.D. Thesis
By
Niloofar Quraishi
PH.D Guide
Prof. (Dr.) Aruna Khasgiwala
FACULTY OF SOCIAL WORK
THE M. S. UNIVERSITY OF BARODA
VADODARA - 390 002
INDIA
PSYCHIATRIC MORBIDITIES
IN
PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS
(A STUDY OF HIV POSITIVE CASES OF GUJARAT)
PH.D. Thesis
By
Niloofar Quraishi
PH.D Guide
Prof. (Dr.) Aruna Khasgiwala
FACULTY OF SOCIAL WORK
THE M. S. UNIVERSITY OF BARODA
VADODARA - 390 002
INDIA
PSYCHIATRIC MORBIDITIES
IN
PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS
(A STUDY OF HIV POSITIVE CASES OF GUJARAT)
A Thesis submitted to
The Faculty of Social Work
The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda
For the Degree of
Doctor of Philosphy
In
Social Work
By
Niloofar Quraishi
PH.D Guide : Researcher :
Prof. (Dr.) Aruna Khasgiwala Niloofar Quraishi
FACULTY OF SOCIAL WORK
THE M. S. UNIVERSITY OF BARODA
VADODARA - 390 002
INDIA
P RE F A C E

The current piece of research deals with the psychiatric morbidities associated
with HIV/AIDS. The study emphasized on undiagnosed psychiatric complications
that are co-morbid with HIV/AIDS but go unnoticed. The researcher has taken four
major cities of Gujarat viz: Ahmedabad, Surat, Rajkot and Vadodara as sample. Data
was obtained with prior permission from Gujarat States AIDS Control Society
(GSACS).Psychiatric morbidities such as depression, suicidal ideation and anxiety
formed the base of the research study while Quality of Life with its parameters like
social support, guilt, sexual life satisfaction, financial status and medical care was also
dealt with.
The researcher has adopted a combination of both, qualitative as well as
quantitative research methods. However, majority of the tools were standardized and
quantitative in nature.
The researcher has attempted to review the vast available literature on the said
topic and has incorporated the relevant and supporting studies available in journals
and books.
The results and findings are further analyzed obtained with the help of
statistical methods like chi-square, correlation matrix and presented in simple and
bivariate tables.
The research has been concluded by suggested a few social work intervention
modalities that can help fight the deadly AIDS pandemic which is and can pay the toll
of many lives.
These models can help rebuild the selves which are damaged due to AIDS and
also focus on the various psychiatric problem woven in the fabric of AIDS.

I
ACKNOW LE DGEM ENTS

First and Foremost I thank the Almighty who gave me the strength, wisdom
and perseverance to carry on this venture.
Secondly, it is a pleasure to thank many people who made this thesis possible.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my guide and advisor
Prof. Dr. Aruna Khasgiwala, Faculty of Social Work, M. S. University of Baroda, for
her continuous support, patience, motivation and immense knowledge. Her guidance
helped me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis.
My sincere thanks also goes to Prof. M. G. Gandotra - Director, Center for
Operations Research and Training , Dr. Shobhana Mishra- Associate Professor,
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, S.S.G. Hospital, Baroda,
Dr. Y. Marfatia - Head Department of Skin and Venereal Disease, S.S.G. Hospital,
Baroda for their encouragement, and insightful comments.
It is difficult to oversee my gratitude to Dr. Kadri - Seceratary of Gujarat
States AIDS Control Society (GSACS) for permitting me to carry this research and
provide me with the necessary data as and when required.
I am indebted to my parents who have been a constant support-emotional,
moral and of course financial as this thesis would not have existed without them.
Many thanks to my husband and my son who are my joy for being my family
and helping me in this endeavor.
I wish to thank all my respondents for allowing me to interview them and
reproduce the same here.
Last but not the least I extend my thanks to my extended family and all the
faculty members who have directly and indirectly helped me in this research.

II
To My Grandparents & Parents
III
CONTENTS

Sr. No. Contents Page No.
1 Preface I
2 Acknowledgement I
3 List of Tables V
4 List of Figures VIII
5 Introduction 1 - 53
6 Methodology 54 - 75
7 Review of Literature 76 – 129
8 Results and Interpretation 130 – 227
9 Summary and Conclusions 228 – 240
10 Discussion and Recommendations 241 – 256
11 List of Abbreviations 257 – 259
12 Bibliography 260 – 265
13 Annexure – Consent Form & Tools 266 –
IV
L I S T O F T A B L E S

Page
Table No. Title
No.
Table – 1 Locations 131
Table – 2 Demographic Profile of Respondents 131
Table – 3 Source of Referral 136
Table – 4 History of development of HIV Status 137
Table – 5 Sexual History of Respondents 140
Table – 6 Stigma and Disclosure 144
Table – 7 Knowledge about HIV / AIDS 149
Table – 8 Sex Life 152
Table – 9 Finance 152
Table – 10 Guilt 153
Table – 11 Medical Care 153
Table – 12 Quality of Life 153
Table – 13 Suicidal Ideation 154
Table – 14 Anxiety 154
Table – 15 Depression 155
Table – 16 Self Esteem (General) 156
Table – 17 Self Esteem (Social) 156
Table – 18 Self Esteem (Personal) 157
Table – 19 Self Esteem (Lie) 157
L I S T O F B I - V A R I A T E T A B L E S
Table – 20 Sex Life * Age 159
Table – 21 Sex Life * Gender 160
Table – 22 Sex Life * Marital Status 161
Table – 23 Sex Life * Educational Qualification 162
Table – 24 Sex Life * Occupation 163
Table – 25 Sex Life * Habitat 164
Table – 26 Sex Life * City 165
Table – 27 Guilt * Age 166
V
Page
Table No. Title
No.
Table – 28 Guilt * Gender 167
Table – 29 Guilt * Marital Status 168
Table – 30 Guilt * Educational Qualification 169
Table – 31 Guilt * Occupation 170
Table – 32 Guilt * Habitat 171
Table – 33 Guilt * City 172
Table – 34 Quality of Life * Age 173
Table – 35 Quality of Life * Gender 174
Table – 36 Quality of Life * Marital Status 175
Table – 37 Quality of Life * Educational Qualification 176
Table – 38 Quality of Life * Occupation 177
Table – 39 Quality of Life * Habitat 178
Table – 40 Quality of Life * City 179
Table – 41 Suicidal Ideation * Age 180
Table – 42 Suicidal Ideation * Gender 181
Table – 43 Suicidal Ideation * Marital Status 182
Table – 44 Suicidal Ideation * Educational Qualification 183
Table – 45 Suicidal Ideation * Occupation 184
Table – 46 Suicidal Ideation * Habitat 185
Table – 47 Suicidal Ideation * City 186
Table – 48 Anxiety * Age 187
Table – 49 Anxiety * Gender 188
Table – 50 Anxiety * Marital Status 189
Table – 51 Anxiety * Educational Qualification 190
Table – 52 Anxiety * Occupation 191
Table – 53 Anxiety * Habitat 192
Table – 54 Anxiety * City 193
Table – 55 Depression * Age 194
Table – 56 Depression * Gender 195
Table – 57 Depression * Marital Status 196
Table – 58 Depression * Educational Qualification 197
VI