Psychiatric drug reactions and interactions PDF
Preview Psychiatric drug reactions and interactions
P SYCHIATRIC D RUG R EACTIONS AND I NTERACTIONS P SYCHIATRIC D RUG R EACTIONS AND I NTERACTIONS JEROME Z. LITT, MD Assistant Clinical Professor of Dermatology Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland, Ohio LONDON AND NEW YORK 2005 Taylor & Francis, an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group First published in the United Kingdom in 2005 by Taylor & Francis, an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, 2 Park Square, Milton Park Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK Tel +44 (0) 20 7017 6000 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7017 6699 Website: www.tandf.co.uk Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublication maybereproduced, storedinaretrievalsystem,or transmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise, withoutthepriorpermissionofthepublisherorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheCopyright,Designs andPatentsAct1988orunderthetermsofanylicencepermittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 0LP. Although every effort has been made to ensure that all owners of copyright material have been acknowledgedinthispublication,wewouldbegladtoacknowledgeinsubsequentreprintsoreditionsany omissions brought to our attention. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available on application Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Data available on application ISBN0-415-38379-X Distributed in North and South America by Taylor & Francis 2000 NW Corporate Blvd Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA Within Continental USA Tel: 800 272 7737; Fax: 800 374 3401 Outside Continental USA Tel: 561 994 0555; Fax: 561 361 6018 E-mail: [email protected] Distributed in the rest of the world by Thomson Publishing Services Cheriton House North Way Andover, Hampshire SP10 5BE, UK Tel: +44 (0) 1264 332424 E-mail: [email protected] Composition by AMA DataSet Limited, Preston, UK Printed and bound by Antony Rowe Ltd., Chippenham, Wiltshire, UK CONTENTS Introduction vii Index of generic and trade names ix Classes of drugs xv Drug eruptions A to Z 1 Drugs responsible for common reactions 119 v INTRODUCTION Any drug can cause any rash. In addition to adverse drug reactions, According to the World Health Organiza- there are many severe, hazardousinter- tion, an adverse reaction (ADR) – or adverse actionsbetween two or more drugs. I have event (ADE) – to a drug has been defined as incorporated only the clinically important, any noxious or unintended reaction to a drug potentially hazardous drug interactions that that has been administered in standard doses can trigger potential harm, and could be life- by the proper route for the purposes of threatening. These interactions are predict- prophylaxis, diagnosis, or treatment. This able and well documented in controlled definition does not include abuse, overdose, studies; they should be avoided. withdrawal, or error of administration. While For each drug, I have listed the known most reactions are mild and self-limited, adverse side effects – in the form of drug severe and life-threatening reactions do reactions–thatcandevelopfromtheuseof occur, as seen in Anorexia and Suicidal thecorrespondingdrug.Theseincludethose ideation. Death is the ultimate adverse drug involvingtheskin,hair,nails,cardiologic,eyes, event, and has now been incorporated into hematopoietic and mucous membrane side the book. effects. The section entitled ‘other’ includes ADRs are underreported and thus are an suchreactionsastinnitus,serotoninsyndrome, underestimated cause of morbidity and depression, rhabdomyolysis, insomnia, and mortality. The incidence and severity of ADRs death. can be influenced by age, sex, disease, genetic The first part of the book lists, in alpha- factors, type of drug, route of administration, betical order, theGenericandTradename duration of therapy, dosage, and drugs with their corresponding names for bioavailability, as well as interactions with easy access to theA-Zsection – the main other drugs. It has been estimated that fatal body of the book. Next comes a listing of the ADRs are the third or fourth leading cause of variousClassesof drugs, and thoseGeneric death in the US. drugs that belong to each class. The last part This Pocketbook of Psychiatric Drug of the book includes listings of common Reactions and Interactions describes and psychiatric reactions caused mainly by non- catalogs the adverse effects ofover 170 psychiatric drugs. commonly prescribed and over-the-counter The major portion of the Pocketbook – generic drugs and herbals used in psychiatry the body of the work – lists the Generic or having psychiatric side effects. These drugs drugs, herbals and supplements in alphabetical include classes such as Anticonvulsants, order and the adverse reactions that can arise Antidepressants, Antipsychotic agents, Anxio- from their use. The numbers in square lytics, Sedatives & Hypnotics, brackets refer to the number of references Benzodiazepines, Hypnotics, SSRIs, and recorded for each reaction. These references Tranquilizers. The drugs have been listed and are available on my website indexed by both theirGenericandTrade (www.drugeruptiondata.com) or in the latest (Brand) names for easy accessibility. edition of the Drug Eruption Reference Manual. vii viii INTRODUCTION USAGE, STYLE & CONVENTIONS They are classified intoCategories: Skin, EMPLOYED IN THIS POCKETBOOK Hair, Nails, Hematopoietic, Eyes, and Other. (Otherrefers toMucous TheGeneric Drugname is at the top of each Membrane, Teeth, Muscleand various page. otherReactions.)Reactionsare listed alpha- TheTrade (Brand) Name(s)are then betically under each heading. Alongside each listed alphabetically. When there are many Reaction Patternare square bracketed Trade Names, the ten (or so) most numbers that refer to the number of refer- commonly recognized ones are listed. This ences in the main Drug Eruption Reference compilation lists and cross-references both Manual and my website. Numbers in round theTradeandGenericnames of all the brackets refer to the incidence of the cataloged drugs. Following the more common reaction, e.g. (3 cases) or (15%). Trade Namedrugs are recorded – in paren- In the case ofherbalsandsupplements, theses – the latest name of the pharmaceuti- the format is slightly different. The herbals cal company that is marketing the drug. feature the scientific species and genus, Beneath theTrade Namelisting is a list purported indications and other uses. Then of OtherCommon Trade Names, those follows the same format as the generic drugs. drugs from other countries. Then appear the There are occasions when there are very Indication(s), theCategoryin which the few adverse reactions to a specific drug. drug belongs, and theHalf-Lifeof each drug, These drugs are still included, since there is when known, and thePotentially hazard- oftenpositive significance in negative ous interactionsbetween drugs. On findings. occasion, an important or pertinentNotewill follow. Jerome Z. Litt, M.D. Reactions:These are theAdverse June, 2005 Reactionsto the particularGenericdrug. INDEX OF GENERIC AND TRADE NAMES Generic drug names are inbold Abilify aripiprazole benzphetamine Didrex acamprosate Aotal, Campral bergamot Citrus aurantium ssp Acanthopanax siberian ginseng bergamia senticosus Bio-Gan trimethobenzamide Actaea macrotys black cohosh black cohosh Actaea macrotys, Actaea Actaea racemosa black cohosh racemosa, Cimicifuga Actiq fentanyl racemosa Acutrim phenylpropanolamine blue cohosh Caulophyllum thalictroides Adderall dextroamphetamine Bontril phendimetrazine Adipex-P phentermine Brevital methohexital Allermax diphenhydramine bupropion Wellbutrin, Zyban Aloxi palonosetron BuSpar buspirone alprazolam Xanax buspirone BuSpar Alurate aprobarbital butabarbital Butalan, Buticaps, Butisol Ambien zolpidem Butalan butabarbital Amerge naratriptan butalbital Esgic, Fioricet, Fiorinal amitriptyline Elavil, Limbitrol Buticaps butabarbital amobarbital Amytal Butisol butabarbital Amoxapine amoxapine butorphanol Stadol Amytal amobarbital Anafranil clomipramine Camellia sinensis green tea Anaspaz hyoscyamine Camellia thea green tea Anergan promethazine Camellia theifera green tea Antabuse disulfiram Campral acamprosate Antivert meclizine carbamazepine Carbatrol, Epitol, Tegretol Aotal acamprosate Carbatrol carbamazepine Aplegin l-carnitine Caulophyllum blue cohosh aprobarbital Alurate thalictroides Aquachloral chloral hydrate Celexa citalopram Aricept donepezil Celontin methsuximide aripiprazole Abilify Cerebyx fosphenytoin Arrestin trimethobenzamide chloral hydrate Aquachloral, Noctec Astramorph morphine chlordiazepoxide Libritabs, Librium Atarax hydroxyzine Limbitrol Ativan lorazepam chlormezanone Trancopal Aventyl nortriptyline chlorpromazine Thorazine Avinza morphine Chrysanthemum feverfew parthenium Barbita phenobarbital Cimicifuga racemosa black cohosh BC Cold Powder phenylpropanolamine citalopram Celexa benactyzine Deprol Citrus aurantium ssp bergamot Benadryl diphenhydramine bergamia Benylin diphenhydramine clomipramine Anafranil Benzacot trimethobenzamide clonazepam Klonopin ix
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