PSIDIUM CAULIFLORUM (MYRTACEAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM BAHIA, BRAZIL

2006·2.1 MB·English

by  Leslie R Landrum

CAUUFLORUM
PSIDIUM
(MYRTACEAE),
NEW
A FROM
SPECIES BAHIA, BRAZIL
Landrum
Marcos
Leslie Sobra
R.
School of UFMG
Life Sciences Departamento de Botanica
Arizona State University Caixa Postal 486, 3 1270-901
Tempe^AZ 85287-4501 USA.
Belo HorizonteMG, BRASH
[email protected]
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
Psidium from
cauliflorum, the Brazilian state of Bahia, described and from
is illustrated. It differs all other spe-
cies of Psidium in having its flowers borne in clusters on older branches and trunks. may belong complex
It to a
of species including P. oligospermum, sarioria^uim, gJaziovianum, schenckianum, and perhaps P
P. P.
P.
appendiculatum.
RESUMO
uma
Psidium cauliflorum, nova especie do estado da
Bahia, Brasil, c descrita e ilustrada. Essa especie, distinta das
demais do genero pelas inflorescencias aglomeradas em ramos
velhos e troncos, e possivehnente relacionada ao
comphxoquemclm
Pollgospermum,Psartohanum,Pglaziovianum,Pschenc}nanum,^
Psidium many
(Myrtaceae) genus and
50 perhaps
L. is a of at least as as 100 species
(McVaugh
1968) with a natural range from Mexico and the Caribbean Uruguay and
to
northern Argentina on the American continents and extending some
to east Pacific
is-
lands Galapagos). Psidium distinguished from other genera by combination
(e.g., is a of
m
and Landrum
floral seed characters discussed and Sharp and Landrum
(1989)
(2003).
roup
of species including oligospermum
ifl
P.
DC,
sartorianum (O. Berg) Niedenzu, P glaziovianum Kiaerskou, schenckianum
P.
P.
Kiaerskou, and perhaps appendiculatum
Kiaerskou. These species have
P.
brochidodromous
venation with The
leaf dendritic calyx generally
tertiaries. closed
is
or nearly closed in the flower bud and they often have wartdike
to flange-like apical
appendages on
the calyx (but this character not present in P cauliflorum). The seeds
is
mm
are 3-6 long with rounded edges and few (5-12) per fruit. Ovules are usually less
than 30 per locule. The limits between widespread and variable P sartorianum and P
which
oligospermum,
is restricted to Bahia, are still problematic and require more study
We
believe that Psidium oligospermum and P^schenc/^ianum frequently hybridize based
on herbarium specimens and
field observations. All of these species (except perhaps P
sartorianum) grow in Bahia and are sometimes endemic to that
state.
&
Psidium Landrum
cauliflorum nov
Sobral, BRAZIL
Sp. (Fig. l). Type; Bahia: mun.Cachoeira,
Morro
Belo, Vale dos Rios Paragua<;u Jacuipe, 39^05W, 12^32'S, 40-100 m, Dec 1980 Grupo Pedra do
c (fl),
Cavalo 955 UIOLOTYPH: HRB, -ASU, BlICB photos.; isotvpfs; ALCB (2 sheets),- ASU, BHCB photos, RB).
Haec prime
species Psidlo sartoriano aspectu similis, flores fasciculati, cauhflori cliffert. Arbor 3-5.5-metralis;
folia elliptica, vel ovalia, 27-6.8 x 1-3 cm, 1.8-2.6 plo longiora quam laiiora; peduculo 1-9 mm; calyx ante anthesin
sub
clausus, anthesi irregulariter
fissus.
m
Tree 3-5.5 high, sparsely to densely pubescent on young growth; hairs rusty brown
to
mm
whitish, mostly up
erect or spreading, to ca. 1 long; young twigs terete to slightly
compressed, densely to moderately pubescent, the bark reddish brown gray
to the older
927
S!DA 22(2): -929. 2006
BRIT.ORG/SIDA 22(2)
928
FiGJ.A-B/ft/rf/umfJu////orum.A.young branch and leaves. B. upper surface of single leaf. C
inflorescence with two closed buds. E. detached petal. F. anthers. G. remnants of flowers and young fruit after stamens and petals
have fallen.H. dissected ovary showing ovary locules,placentation, and uniseriateovules.l.fruit and single seed.(A& (jwpoPeJra
I,
J26, ALCB; Grupo Perfm farato 955, HRB, the holotype; D-H, Que^^^^
(/o ffli/fl/o C, rfo
LANDRUM AND NEW
SOBRAL, PSIDIUM CAULIFLORUM, A SPECIES FROM BRAZIL 929
somewhat cm
twigs gray, glabrous, the bark flaky. Leaves elliptic to oval, 2.7-6.8 long, 1-
cm
3 wide, 1.8-2.6 times as long as wide, moderately sparsely puberulent more
to (or
densely so along midvein), glabrescent with age; apex acute; base rounded to cuneate;
mm mm
petiole channeled, densely to sparsely pubescent to glabrescent, 2-3 long, 0.5-1
wide; midvein impressed proximally to nearly flat distally above, prominent below, the
venation brochidodromous, the lateral veins slightly raised and visible above or obscure,
6-9 pairs leaving midvein at an angle of 45 degrees, the marginal vein archmg be-
ca.
mm
tween laterals, equalling them in prominence, running l-1.5(-3) from margin, the
ca.
tertiary veins forming a dendritic pattern that arises from the marginal vein, scarcely to
clearly visible; blades subcoriaceous, drying reddish brown to grayish, densely glandular
mm
4-6
beneath. Flower buds pyriform, long, densely pubescent on hypanthium, sparsely
many
so on calyx, borne on older stems in clusters of as as 20, apparently appearing at
mm
same
the point season after season; peduncles uniflorous to triflorous, 1-9 long,
ca.
mm
0.6 wide, sparsely to densely pubescent, sometimes borne on short bracteate shoots,
mm
the branches of dichasia ca, 3 long; bracteoles linear to narrowly lanceolate, ca. 1-1.5
mm
long, caducous before anthesis; calyx closed except for an apical pore, with hairs
sometimes protruding from pore, tearing irregularly at anthesis; petals obovate to subor-
mm
mm
bicular, ca. 7 long, glabrous or with cilate margins; hypanthium obconic, 2-3
mm mm mm
long; disk ca. 3.5 across at anthesis (5 in fruit), pubescent; stamens ca. 6
mm
long, 150-190; anthers ca. 0.3 long, with a terminal gland and usually 2 other glands
mm
in the connective; style ca. 8 long, glabrous; ovary 3-locular; ovules 7-20 per locule,
cm
uniseriate on each lamella of a slightly peltate placenta. Fruit 1-2 in diam.; seeds
few,
mm
6
long.
ca.
Only made known
have been Psidium
five collections of cauliflorum so of
little
is
this very distinctive, but rare species. has been collected flowering in June, Octo-
It July,
ber, and December and probably fruits shortly afterward as normally the case in
is
De
Psidium. Queiroz et report that grows in loresta estacional," that temporarily
al. it "f
is,
deciduous dry
forests.
Paratypes: BRAZIL. Bahia: mun. Cachocira, Estagao da Mata, Vale dos Rios Paragua^u e Jacuipe, 39^05W, 12^32'$,
m
h
40-120 Jul 1980 Grupo Fed do Cavalo ^07 (ALCB) Jun 1980 Grupo Fed do Cava 326 (ALCB),
ra ra
(f f r), (f I f r),
1.
NW
8H km
Oct 1980 Grupo Fedra do Cavalo (ALCB, CEPEC); mun. Eeira de Santana, de Jaguara, Fazenda
(fl), 11
&
L
Monte Verde, floresta estacional, 320 m, 21 Jul 1987 dc Quciwz, Lemos Lobo 1742 (ASU).
(fl). P.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We
thank the curators of the following herbaria for allowing us to study their specimens
CEPEQ
HRB)
for the preparation of this paper (ALCB, ASU, or for sending specimens in
exchange (HUEFS). Travel in Brazil was made possible LRL through an American
for
We
Republics Fulbnght Grant. thank Carolyn Proenga and Fred Barrie helpful
for re-
views manuscript.
of this
REFERENCES
Landrum, L.R.2003.A revision of the Psidium salutore coroplex (Myrtaceae).Sida 20:1449-1469.
Landrum, and W.P. Sharp. 989. Seed coat characters of some American Myrtinae (Myrtaceae)
L.R.
1
and
Psidium related genera. Syst. Bot. 4:370-376.
1
McVaugh,R. 1968. The genera of American Myrtaceae - an interim report. Taxon 17:354-418.