Protoplasts 1983: Lecture Proceedings

255 Pages·1983·12.423 MB·German

by  Michael R. Davey (auth.), I. Potrykus, C. T. Harms, A. Hinnen, R. Hütter, P. J. King, R. D. Shillito (eds.)

D
EXS 46:
Experientia Supplementum
Vol. 46
Springer Basel AG
Protoplasts 1983
Lecture Proceedings
6th International Protoplast Symposium
Basel, August 12-16, 1983
Edited by
I. Potrykus, Basel
C. T. Harms, Zürich
A. Hinnen, Basel
R. Hütter, Zürich
P. J. King, Basel
R. D. Shillito, Basel
1983 Springer Basel AG
Address oJ the Symposium Office
6th International Protoplast Symposium
Organization Committee
P. O. Box 141
Ch-4007 Basel (Switzerland)
CIP-KurztitelauJnahme der Deutschen Bibliothek
{Protoplasts nineteen hundred and eighty-threeJ
Protoplasts 1983 / 6th Internat. Protoplast Symposium,
Basel, August 12-16, 1983. Ed. by I. Potrykus
Basel ; Boston ; Stuttgart : Birkhäuser.
NE: Potrykus, Ingo [Hrsg.] ; International Protoplast
Symposium< 06, 1983, Basel>
Lecture proceedings. - 1983.
(Experientia : Supp!. ; Vo!. 46)
ISBN 978-3-0348-6777-1 ISBN 978-3-0348-6776-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-0348-6776-4
NE: Experientia / Supplementum
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
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© 1983 Springer Basel AG
Originally published by Birkhäuser Verlag Basel in 1983.
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1s t edition 1983
Preface
The International Protoplast Symposia are organized at four year intervals by the
community of scientists working on the scientific and applied aspects of microbial and plant
protoplasts. Following Jena (DDR) 1963, Brno (CSSR) 1967, Salamanca (Spain) 1971, Not
tingham (UK) 1975, and Szeged (Hungary) 1979, Basel (Switzerland) was chosen as host city
for the 6th International Protoplast Symposium in 1983. The organization was in the hands of
scientists from the Friedrich Miescher-Institut, Basel (I. Potrykus - Secretary General, P. J.
King - Treasurer, A. Hinnen and R. D. Shillito - Local Organizers) and from the Swiss Federal
Institute ofTechnology (ETH), Zürich (R. Hütter-Secretary, C. T. Harms - Local Organizer).
Over 300 scientists from more than 30 countries met in the Basel Trade Fair Building
for five days to hear Symposium Lectures reviewing all aspects ofmodern protoplast research,
to present recent original results in Poster Sessions, and to discuss specific problems and
trends offuture research in Workshops. The manuscripts ofthe Symposium Lectures and sum
maries ofthe majority ofthe Workshops are published in this volume together with photos of
the speakers and chairpersons and ofthe welcome reception in the Basel Art Museum and oth
er social events.
Special emphasis in the symposium was placed on the presentation in Poster Sessions
ofthe recent work ofmany participants. To derive as much benefit as possible from the posters
and to allow the information to be distributed to the scientific community, the organizers deci
ded to publish the posters together with a one page commentary containing detailed informa
tion. These Poster Proceedings were handed out to the participants at the beginning of the
Symposium and were a great success. A table ofthe contents ofthe Poster Proceedings is inclu
ded in this volume of the Lecture Proceedings. Those who are interested in getting a complete
record of the Symposium are recommended to purchase the Poster Proceedings from the org
anizers (Friedrich Miescher-Institut, P. O. Box 2543, CH-4002 Basel) or from the Birkhäuser
Verlag Basel, for SFr. 112.-.
The Symposium was closed with the announcement that the 7th International Proto
plast Symposium will be organized by scientists ofthe Max-Planck-Institut for Plant Breeding,
Cologne, FRG, in 1987.
logo Potrykus
Secretary General
7
Contents
Prefaee ........................ . 5
Seientifie Programme ofthe Symposium ..... . 11
Photos of speakers, ehairpersons, and partieipants . 12
Symposium Lectures and Workshop Summaries
Plant Protoplasts
Symposium Lectures
Reeent developments in the eulture and regeneration of plant protoplasts
M. R. Davey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Protoplast eulture and plant regeneration of eereals and other reealeitrant erops
P. J. Dale ........................................ 31
Protoplasts and the isolation of plant mutants
J. P. Bourgin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Protoplasts and variation from eulture
P. J. Larkin, R. BrettelI, S. Ryan, and W. Scowcroft. 51
Systems for plant protoplast transformation
T. Manzara and P. F. Lurquin . . . . . . . . 57
Reeent developments in plant protoplast fusion and seleetion teehnology
G. B. Lazar .................................. . 61
Somatie hybridization by plant protoplast fusion
c. T.Harms .................... . 69
The segregation of organelles and eytoplasmie traits in higher plant somatie fusion
hybrids
R. Fluhr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
The first mitotie eycle of mesophyll protoplasts
Y. M eyer and L. Aspart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Protoplasts for studies of the plasma membrane and associated eell organelles
L. C. Fowke, L. R. Griffing, B. G. Mersey, and P. Van der Valk ......... . 101
8 Contents
The use of protoplasts in plant virus research
H. P. Mühlbach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Applications of protoplast technology to agriculture
E. C. Cocking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Workshop Reports
Organelle transfer, sorting out, recombination
H. LörzandS. Izhar .............. . 129
Plant protoplasts as tools for physiological studies
T. Boiler and D. W. Galbraith ........... . 130
Genetic transformation
R. D. Shillito and H. H. Steinbiss 131
Protoplasts as tools in pathology, virology and plant-microbe interactions
H. R. Hohl and H. P. Mühlbach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Microbial Protoplasts
Symposium Lectures
Current questions of gene transfer via protoplast fusion in microorganisms (Opening
Adress)
L. Ferenczy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Advances in protoplast fusion and transformation in Streptomyces
R. H. Baltz and P. Matsushima. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Chromosome interactions and expression in fused Bacillus protoplasts
R. D. Hotchkiss and M. Gabor ..................... . 149
Yeast strain improvement by protoplast fusion and transformation
A. J. Morgan . ............................. . 155
Protoplasts of filamentous fungi in genetics and metabolite production
J.Anne . ................................... . 167
Interspecific somatic hybridisation in Aspergillus
H. J. Croft and R. B. G. Dales ........... . 179
Synthesis and assembly of wall polymers on regenerating yeast protoplasts
R. Sentandreu, E. Herrero, M. V. Elorza, H. Rico, and J. Pastor . ...... . 187
Contents 9
The theory and practical applications of liposome-protoplast interactions
J. F. M akins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Transport of nutrients in yeast protoplast
A. Kotyk .................. . 209
Protoplasts and spheroplasts of gram-negative bacteria - with special emphasis on
Proteus mirabilis
H. H. Martin ........................................ 213
Characteristic properties and biological significance of stable protoplast type L
forms
J. Gumpert and U. Taubeneck ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Advances in microbial protoplasts (Bacillus licheniformis ß-Iactamase and the proto
plast surface)
J. o. Lampen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Workshop Reports
Fungal protoplasts as genetic tools
J. F. Peberdy and L. Ferenczy. . . . 251
Non-complementing diploids: Prokaryotic microorganism protoplast fusion and
chromosome inactivation
L. Hirschbein ........................................ 251
Index of Organism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Table of Contents of the Poster Porceedings of Protoplasts 1983 257
11
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME tIlNDAY. AUGUST 15
09.30- Poster Session 6: Microbial Protoplasts.
FRlDAY. AUGUST 12
12.00 Poster Code NA 1-8. Me 1-4
09.00- lecture Session 5: Plant Protoplasts.
09.00 Opening Remarks: I. Potrykus
11.00 Chairperson: O. Schieder (Köln. FRG)
09.15 Opening Address: L. Ferenczy (Szeged, Hungary) 09.00 G.B. Lazar (Szeged. Hungary) - Recent De
Current quest ions of gene transfer via proto velopments in fusion and selection technology.
plast fusion in microorganisms. 09.30 C.T.Harms (Zürich. Switzerland) - Somatic
Chairperson: R. Hütter (Zürich, Switzerland) hybridization by protoplast fusion.
10.00 Coffee Break 10.30 R. Fluhr (Rehovot. Israel) - Sorting out
10.30- Poster Session 1: Microbial Protoplasts. of organelles and cytoplasmic traits in samatic
13.00 Poster Code: MB 1-11 fusion hybrids.
10.30- Lecture Session 1: Plant Protoplasts. 11.00- Poster Session 7: Plant Protoplasts.
12.00 Chairperson: I.K. Vasil (Gainesville, USA) 13.00 Poster Code PR 1-7
10.30 M.R. Davey (Nottingham, U.K.) - Recent 13.00 Lunch Break
developments in the culture and regeneration 15.00- Poster Session 8: Plant Protoplasts.
of plant protoplasts. 18.00 Poster Code PD 1-21. PE 1-6. PG 1-5
11.15 P. Dale (Aberystwyth, U.K.) - Protoplast 15.00- lecture Session 6: Microbial Protoplasts.
culture and plant regeneration of cereals and 17.15 Chairperson: A. Hinnen (Basel, Switzerland)
other recalcitrant crops. 15.00 R. Sentandreu (Valencia, Spain) - Cytoche
12.10- WOrkshop 1: Plant Protoplasts mical and physiological aspects of yeast proto
13.10 Organelle transfer, sorting-out, recombination. plasts.
Organizers: S. Izhar (Bet Dagan, Israel), 15.45 J. Makins (Syracuse. USA) - The theory and
H. Lörz (Köln, FRG) practical application of liposome-protoplast
13.10- Lunch Break interactions.
15.00- Poster Session 2: Plant Protoplasts 16.30 A. Kotyk (Prague. CSSR) - Transport of
18.00 Poster Code: PA 1-8. PB 1-17. PC 1-7 nutrients in yeast protoplasts.
15.00- Lecture Session 2: Microbial Protoplasts 18.00 Dinner Break
16.30 Chairperson: J. Peberdy (Nottingham, U.K.) 20.30- Workshops
15.00 H.R. Baltz (Indianapolis, USA) - Recent 23.00 Workshop 7: Microbial Protoplasts.
advances in protoplast methodology for antibio Fungal protoplasts. Organizers: l. Ferenczy
tic-producing Streptomyces. (Szeged.Hungary). J.F. Peberdy (Nottingham. UK)
15.45 R.D. Hotchkiss (Albany, USA) - Chromosome Workshop 8: Plant protoplasts. Protoplasts as
interaction and expression in fused Bacillus tools in pathology. virology.and plant-microbe
protoplasts. interactions. Organizers: R. Hohl (Zürich.
18.00- Dinner Break Switzerland), H.P. Mühlbach (München. FRG).
20.30- Workshops WOrkshop 9: Plant protoplasts. Somatic hybridi
23.00 WOrkshop 2: Microbial Protoplasts. zation. Organizers: P. Maliga (Manhattan. USA).
Non-complementing diploids. Organizers and con O. Schieder (Köln. FRG).
tributors: L. Alföldi. K. Fodor. L. Hirschbein.
TUESDAY, AUGUST 16
D. Hotchkiss. P. Schaefer.
WOrkshop 3: Plant Protoplasts. 09.00- Lecture Session 7: Plant Protoplasts
Protoplast culture and plant regeneration with 11.00 Chairperson: E. Galun (Rehovot, Israel).
special emphasis on crop plants. 09.00 Y. Meyer (Perpignan. France) - The first
Organizers: I. Potrykus (Basel, Switzerland), mitotic cycle of mesophyll protoplasts.
I.K. Vasil (Gainesville. USA). 09.30 L. Fowke (Saskatoon. Canada) - Protoplasts
WOrkshop 4: Plant Protoplasts. for studies of plasma membrane and associated
Mutation and stable variation. organelles.
Org?nizers: P.J. King (Basel, Switzerland). 10.00 H.P. Mühlbach (München. FRG) - The use of
J. io.!dholm (Urbar,a, USA). protoplasts in plant virus research.
11.00 Workshop 10: Plant protoplasts.
SATURDAY. AUGUST 13
Protoplasts and plant breeding. Organizers:
09.30- Poster Session 'I: Microbial Protoplasts D. Evans (Cinnaminson. USA), E. Galun (Rehovot)
12.00 Poster Code: Me 1-5. ME 1-4 13.00 Lunch break
09.00- Lecture Se,ssion 3: Plant Protoplasts 14.00- Lecture Session 8: Microbial Protoplasts.
11.00 Chairperson: P. Maliga (Szeged, Hungary) 15.00 Chairperson: R. Hütter (Zürich. Switzerland)
09.00 J.P. Bourgin (Versailies, France) - Proto 14.00 H.H. Martin (Darmstadt. FRG) - protoplasts
plasts and the isolation of mutants. and spheroplasts in the gram-negative bacterium
09.30 P.,J. Larkin (Canberra, Australia) - Proto Proteus mirabilis. Physiological and biochemi
plasts and var·iation in culture. cal properties.
10.00 P. Lurquin (Pul Iman, USA) - Systems for 14.30 U. Taubeneck (Jena. DDR) - The stable pro
plant protoplast transformation. toplast type L-form of bacteria - characteristic
11.00- Poster Se~sion 4: Plant Protoplasts. properties and biological significance.
13.00 Po~ter Code PK 1-16 14.00- Poster Session 9: Plant Protoplasts
13.00- Lun/:l Break 16.00 Poster Code PI 1-2, PJ 1-2, Pl 1-6, PM 1-3,
l!i.dU- Poster Session 5: Plant Protoplasts. PP 1-4
18.00 Poster Code PF 1-6. PH 1-4. PN 1-2. PO 1-2. 16.00- Closing Lectures
PQ 1-8 18.00 16.00 O. lampen (Piscataway. USA) - Advances in
microbial protoplasts.
15.00- lecture Session 4: Microbial Protoplasts. Chairperson: R. Hütter (Zürich, Switzerland)
16.45 Chairperson: F. Kevei (Szeged, Hungary). 17.00 E.C. Cocking (Nottingham, U.K.) - Appli
15.00 A.J. Morgan (Sunburry-on-Thames, U.K.) - cations of protoplast technology in agriculture.
Yeast strain improvement by protoplast fusion Chairperson: G. Melchers (Tübingen. FRG)
and transformation. 18.00 Closing remarks: I. Potrykus
15.45 J. AnnA (Louvain, Belgium) - Protoplasts
of filamentous fungi in genetics and metabolite
production.
16.15 J. Croft (Birmingham, U.K.) - Interspeci ORGAN I ZERS
fic somatic hybridization in Aspergillus. I. Potrykus (Basel), Secretary General
18.00- Dinner Break R. Hütter (Zürich). Secretary
20.30 WOrkshop 5: Plant Protoplasts. Protoplasts as P.J. King (Basel) Treasurer
tools for physiological studies. Organizers; C.T. Harms (Zürich). Local Organizer
T. BoIler (Basel), D. Galbraith (Lineoln. USA). A. Hinnen (Basel). Loca I Organizer
WOrkshOp 6: Plant Protoplasts: Genetic trans R.D. Shillito (Basel), Local Organizer
formation. Organizers: R.D.Shillito (Basel). R. Forlen (B3sel). Congress Office
H.H. Steinbiss (Köln. FRG) M. Marti (Basel), MUBA service