Protein Metabolism of the Nervous System

723 Pages·1995·15.093 MB·English

by  Sidney Roberts, Claire E. Zomzely, S. C. Bondy (auth.), Abel Lajtha (eds.)

PROTEIN
METABOLISM
OF THE
NERVOUS SYSTEM
PROTEIN
METABOLISM
OF THE
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Edited by Abel Lajtha
New York State Research Institute for
Neurochemistry and Drug Addiction
Ward's Island, New York City
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PLENUM PRESS. NEW YORK-LONDON. 1970
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 74-85373
ISBN 978-1-4684-8111-2 ISBN 978-1-4684-8109-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4684-8109-9
© 1970 Plenum Press, New York
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1970
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
227 West 17th Street, New York, N.Y. 10011
United Kingdom edition published by Plenum Press, London
A Division of Plenum Publishing Company, Ltd.
Donington House, 30 Norfolk Street, London W.C.2, England
All rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form
without written permission from the publisher
Contributors
Bernard W. Agranofj, Mental Health Research Institute; Depart
ment of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor (page 533).
Stanley H. Appel, Division of Neurology, Duke University Medical
Center, Durham, North Carolina (page 621).
L. Austin, Department of Biochemistry, Monash University, Clayton,
Victoria, Australia (page 271).
Julio M. Azcurra, Mental Health Research Institute, The University
of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan (page 517).
Samuel H. Barondes, Departments of Psychiatry and Molecular Bi
ology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
(page 545).
Claude F. Baxter, Veterans Administration Hospital, Sepulveda,
California; Division of Neurosciences, City of Hope Medical
Center, Duarte, California; Department of Physiology, UCLA
School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California (page 439).
Ya. V. Belik, Institute of Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences,
Ukrainian SSR, Kiev (page 77).
Samuel Bogoch, Foundation for Research on the Nervous System;
Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Massachusetts
(page 555).
S. C. Bondy, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine;
Brain Research Institute, University of California Center for the
Health Sciences, Los Angeles, California (page 3).
J. J. Bray, Department of Biochemistry, Monash University, Clay
ton, Victoria, Australia (page 271).
v
vi Contributors
Eric G. Brunngraber, Illinois State Psychiatric Institute, Chicago,
Illinois (page 383).
Wendy Cannon, Department of Pharmacology, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada (page 219).
Li-Pen Chao, Department of Neurology, University of California
School of Medicine, San Francisco, California (page 643).
Doris H. Clouet, New York State Research Institute for Neurochem
istry and Drug Addiction, Ward's Island, New York, New York
(page 699).
Carl W. Cotman, Division of Psychobiology, University of California,
Irvine, California (page 151).
Hatim F. Daginawala, Department of Biochemistry, Nagpur Uni
versity, Nagpur, India (page 459).
Ranajit Kumar Datta, Research Division, Beth Israel Medical Center,
New York, New York (page 185).
Herman C. B. Denber, Research Division Biochemistry Laboratory,
Manhattan State Hospital, Ward's Island, New York, New York
(page 685).
Brian D'Monte, New York State Research Institute for Neurochem
istry and Drug Addiction, Ward's Island, New York, New York
(page 185).
Bernard Droz, Department de Biologie, Commissariat it l'Energie
Atomique, Gif sur Yvette 91, France (page 93).
Elizabeth Roboz Einstein, Department of Neurology, Department of
Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California School of
Medicine, San Francisco, California (page 643).
Stanley E. Geel, Department of Physiology-Anatomy, University of
California, Berkeley, California (page 335).
P. L. Ipata, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Free University of
Chieti, Chieti, Italy (page 409).
Monique Jacob, Centre de Neurochimie du C.N.R.S., Faculte de
Medecine, Strasbourg, France (page 129).
Stanley Jacobson, Neurology Service, VA Research Hospital, Chi
cago, Illinois (page 491).
Contributors vii
D. Karcher, Department of Neurochemistry, Born-Bunge Founda
tion Berchem-Antwerp; Institute Pasteur, Brussels (page 589).
Marian W. Kies, Laboratory of Cerebral Metabolism, National Insti
tute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland (page 659).
Edward Koenig, Department of Physiology; Neurosensory Labora
tory, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York (page
259).
Harold Koenig, Neurology Service, VA Research Hospital; Depart
ment of Neurology, Northwestern University Medical School,
Chicago, Illinois (page 491).
Herbert L. Koenig, Laboratoire de Cytologie, Faculte des Sciences,
Paris, France (page 93).
Steven Edward Kornguth, Department of Neurology; Department of
Physiological Chemistry, University of Wisconsin Medical
Center, Madison, Wisconsin (page 631).
Abel Lajtha, New York State Research Institute for Neurochemistry
and Drug Addiction, Ward's Island, New York, New York (pages
39, 185, and 355).
Fritz Lipmann, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
(page 305).
A. Lowenthal, Department of Neurochemistry, Born-Bunge Founda
tion Berchem-Antwerp; Institute Pasteur, Brussels (page 589).
Chung Y. Lu, Neurology Service, VA Research Hospital; Depart
ment of Neurology, Northwestern University Medical School,
Chicago, Illinois (page 491).
H. R. Mahler, Chemical Laboratories, Indiana University, Bloom
ington, Indiana (page 151).
Paul Mandel, Centre de Neurochimie du C.N.R.S., Faculte de Mede
cine, Strasbourg, France (page 129).
F. A. Manzoli, Institute of Histology and General Embryology, Uni
versity of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (page 409).
Neville Marks, New York State Research Institute for Neurochem
istry and Drug Addiction, Ward's Island, New York, New York
(pages 39 and 185).
viii Contributors
I. G. Morgan, Department of Biochemistry, Monash University,
Clayton, Victoria, Australia (page 271).
M. R. V. Murthy, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine,
Laval University, Quebec, Canada (page 109).
David Nachmansohn, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia
University, New York, New York (page 313).
Rajinder N ayyar, Neurology Service, VA Research Hospital; De
partment of Neurology, Northwestern University Medical School,
Chicago, Illinois (page 491).
S. Ochs, Department of Physiology, Indiana University Medical
Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (page 291).
A. V. Palladin, Institute of Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences,
Ukrainian SSR, Kiev (page 77).
N. W. Penn, Willowbrook State School, Neuroendocrine Research
Unit, Staten Island, New York, (page 355).
Giuseppe Porcellati, Department of Biological Chemistry, University
of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (page 601).
Donald A. Rappoport, Division of Molecular Biology, Department of
Pediatrics; The Marine Biomedical Institute, The University of
Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (page 459).
M. Reiss, Willowbrook State School, Neuroendocrine Research Unit,
Staten Island, New York (page 355).
Derek Richter, Medical Research Council Neuropsychiatric Research
Unit, Carshalton and Epsom, England (page 241).
Sidney Roberts, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medi
cine; Brain Research Institute, University of California Center
for the Health Sciences, Los Angeles, California (page 3).
Panna Sanghavi, Neurology Service, VA Research Hospital, Chi
cago, Illinois (page 491).
Otto Z. Sellinger, Mental Health Research Institute, The University
of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan (page 517).
Eric M. Shooter, Departments of Genetics and Biochemistry; Labo
ratories for Molecular Medicine, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford, California (page 419).
Contributors Ix
Louis Sokoloff, Laboratory of Cerebral Metabolism, National Insti
tute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland (page 367).
S. Takahashi, Willowbrook State School, Neuroendocrine Research
Unit, Staten Island, New York (page 335).
David N. Teller, Research Division Biochemistry Laboratory, Man
hattan State Hospital, Ward's Island, New York, New York
(page 685).
Sujata Tewari, Neurochemistry Laboratories, Veterans Administra
tion Hospital, Sepulveda, California (page 439).
L. Thiry, Department of Neurochemistry, Born-Bunge Foundation
Berchem-Antwerp; Institute Pasteur, Brussels (page 589).
Paola S. Timiras, Department of Physiology-Anatomy, University
of California, Berkeley, California (page 335).
Georges Ungar, Baylor University College of Medicine, Houston,
Texas (page 571).
Silvio Varon, Department of Biology, University of California at
San Diego, La Jolla, California (page 419).
R. Vrba, Department of Pharmacology, University of British Colum
bia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada (page 219).
Isabel J. Wajda, New York State Research Institute for Neurochem
istry and Drug Addiction, Ward's Island, New York, New York
(page 671).
I. Wegelin, Institute of Histology and General Embryology, Uni
versity of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (page 409).
W. Zeman, Department of Neurochemistry, Born-Bunge Foundation
Berchem-Antwerp; Institute Pasteur, Brussels (page 589).
Claire E. Zomzely, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of
Medicine; Brain Research Institute, University of California
Center for the Health Sciences, Los Angeles, California (page 3).
Preface
Few can deny the paramount importance of the neurosciences, undoubtedly
one of the most challenging fields in contemporary science. Recent years
have witnessed the awakening of interest in brain research by many dis
tinguished investigators from other branches of science, which has made
possible the multidisciplinary approach needed for the complex problems of
this field. The present book, which deals with one aspect of this research, is
the result of the symposium held under the auspices of the New York State
Research Institute for Neurochemistry and Drug Addiction in April 1968.
It has become clear that brain proteins are involved in all aspects of
mental function and dysfunction, and the present volume documents the
latest advances in our knowledge (advances made to a large extent by con
tributors to this volume). The chapters not only convey some of the enthu
siasm and wonderful, cooperative spirit of the many excellent scientists ex
ploring the brain, and their wealth of ideas; they also illustrate the many
approaches from which cerebral proteins can be studied in a meaningful
manner. In some areas even preliminary evidence is worth discussing: e.g., it
is an exciting achievement that we can begin to apply the disciplines of bio
chemistry to phenomena of learned behavior and information handling.
Not many years ago all of the available information in this field could
have been summarized in a brief review article. Now even an entire book
may not be enough to cover all aspects of the multifaceted, perplexing prob
lems of brain research. Perhaps this book will serve to provide some back
ground and some ideas for furthering such research. We can look with great
expectation toward important future advances in understanding of brain
function and perhaps in ability to ameliorate brain dysfunction. It is a pleas
ure to thank all those who helped to make the symposium such a success,
and those who contributed to the publication of this book. A special note of
thanks is owed to the contributors, who, many months after the symposium,
were willing to revise their papers to make them suitable for a book. The
symposium would not have been possible without the continuing aid and
support of the Department of Mental Hygiene of New York State, and it is a
pleasure to thank all the members of the Institute and also Dr. O. K. Dia-
xi
xii Preface
mond, Director of Manhattan State Hospital, Dr. H. Denber, Director of
Research at the Hospital, and Dr. P. Wexler, Assistant Commissioner for
Education of the Department of Mental Hygiene, for their support and
cooperation. In addition, I would like to thank the following companies for
their generous support: Abbott Laboratories, Geigy Corporation, Hoffman
LaRoche, Lederle Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Merck and Com
pany, Inc., Sandoz Pharmaceutical, Smith Kline and French, Wallace Phar
maceutical, and Wyeth Laboratories. It is unfortunate that Dr. H. Waelsch,
who was the founding spirit of the Institute, and who contributed so sig
nificantly to the subjects discussed, could not participate because of his
premature death. He, who was among the first to study cerebral protein
metabolism, would have approved of the excellent papers and discussions
of the ever-widening horizons in this area.
Studies of protein metabolism have contributed perhaps the most im
pOl·tant advance in modern biochemistry. The work described in this volume
shows the application of molecular biology to neurochemistry. A summary
of present knowledge usually points out a need for further work. It is hoped
that this book will serve as some help in this direction.
New York, New York Abel Lajtha
Apri11969