Property Rights and Poverty PDF
Preview Property Rights and Poverty
PROPERTY RIGHTS AND POVERTY THOMAS A. HpRNE Property Rights and Poverty Political Argument in Britain, 1605—1834 The University of North Carolina Press Chapel Hill and London © 1990 The University of North Carolina Press All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data 94 93 92 91 90 54321 Home, Thomas A. (Thomas Allen), 1947- Property rights and poverty : political argument in Britain, 1605-1834 I by Thomas A. Horne. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. isbn 0-8078-1912-3 (alk. paper) 1. Right of property—Great Britain—History. 2. Welfare rights movement—Great Britain—History. 3. Political science—Great Britain—History. I. Title. JC605.H67 1990 330.1'7—de 20 89-77791 CIP Portions of this work appeared earlier, in somewhat different form, as “Economic and Moral Improvement: Francis Hutcheson on Property," History of Political Thought 8, no. 1 (1987), reprinted by permission of the publisher; “Welfare Rights as Property Rights: An Historical Perspective," in Responsibility, Rights, and Welfare, ed. J. Donald Moon (Boulder, Colo., 1988), reprinted by permission of Westview Press; and “The Poor Have a Claim Founded on the Law of Nature: William Paley and the Rights of the Prior," Journal of the History of Philosophy 23, no. 1 (Jan. 1985), copyright 1985 by the Journal of the History of Philosophy, reprinted by permission of the journal. TO Emily and Abigail ACKNOWLEDGMENTS number of scholars have read this manuscript and made sugges A tions for its improvement. Eldon Eisenach, Julian Franklin, .Richard Teichgraeber, and Cheryl Welch were kind enough to read it in its entirety. The attention they paid to the manuscript and the invaluable criticisms they made have put me deeply in their debt. I also want to thank Joseph Kestner, Michael Mosher, and Paul Rahe, col leagues of mine at the University of Tulsa, for reading parts of the manu script and for their lively and learned conversation. Leann Anderson typed the manuscript and for that I am most grateful. Without the sup port and patience of my wife, Kathryn, 1 would never have been able to finish this project. Fellowship support from the National Endowment for the Humanities enabled me to spend the academic year 1986-87 working full time on the manuscript. Summer stipends from the University of Tulsa provided support in 1984 and 1985. Some of the arguments presented here first appeared in essay form. “The Poor Have a Claim Founded on the Law of Nature: William Paley and the Rights of the Poor” was published by the Journal of the History of Philosophy 23, no. 1 (1985); “Economic and Moral Improvement: Francis Hutcheson on Property” was published by the History of Politi cal Thought 8, no. 1 (1987); and “Welfare Rights as Property Rights” was included in J. Donald Moon, ed., Responsibility, Rights, and Welfare (Boulder, Colo.: 1988). I thank publishers and editors for permission to reprint. CONTENTS Acknowledgments ix Introduction y ONE The Natural Right to Property Grotius to Pufendorf 9 TWO The Right to Property and the Right to Representation Tyrrell, Locke, and Sidney 41 THREE Property Rights and Progress Hutcheson to Smith 73 FOUR Paternalism and the Poor Law Paley and Others 123 FIVE Property Rights, Utility, and Political Economy Bentham to Longfield 142 six Welfare Rights and Radical Politics Paine to the Poor Man’s Guardian 201 Conclusion 252 Notes 259 Bibliography 269 Index 283
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