Promotion of mangrove-friendly shrimp aquaculture in Southeast Asia.

187 Pages·2005·12.78 MB·English

Photo by
Siri Tookwinas
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PROMOTION OF
MANGROVE-FRIENDLY SHRIMP AQUACULTURE
IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
This publication comprises two major parts:
Report on the Regional Seminar-Workshop on
Mangrove-Friendly Shrimp Aquaculture, Bangkok, Thailand,
24-27 June 2003
Report on the Mangrove-Friendly Shrimp Culture Project:
Phase I (2000-2003)
In addition, other information relevant to mangrove-friendly aquaculture
are also included in this publication.
In order to initiate the development of the Regional Code of Practice for
Responsible Aquaculture in Mangrove Areas,
Policy Issues of the SEAFDEC Members Countries on the
Use of Mangroves in their respective countries
are also included in this publication.
This publication was made possible through the financial and technical support of
the Fisheries Agency of the Government of Japan
ASEAN-SEAFDEC Fisheries Consultative Group
SEAFDEC Secretariat and
Department of Fisheries of the Government of Thailand
as the Project’s Lead Country for the ASEAN
Published by:
Aquaculture Department
Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines
February 2004
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This publication on the Promotion of Mangrove-Friendly Shrimp Aquaculture in Southeast
Asia was prepared by:
Virgilia T. Sulit
Nelda R. Ebron
Isidro T. Tendencia
Salve C. Gotera
With the assistance of:
Eva T. Aldon
Arvee S. Ledesma
For more information about the Mangrove-Friendly Shrimp Culture Project, please contact:
Dr. Rolando R. Platon
Chief , SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department and
Project Manager for AQD
Tigbauan, Iloilo 5021, Philippines
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: <[email protected]>, <[email protected]>
http://www.seafdec.org.ph
or
Mr. Wilfredo G. Yap
Head, Technology Verification and Commercialization Division
SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department and
Assistant Project Manager for AQD
The Manila Office
#17 Times St., West Triangle, Quezon City 1104, Philippines
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail:<wgyap@ aqd.seafdec.org.ph>
or
Mr. Dan D. Baliao
Head, Administration and Finance Division
SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department and
Project Technical Expert
Tigbauan, Iloilo 5021, Philippines
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
All rights reserved
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The SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department is very pleased to publish this Report on the
Promotion of Mangrove-Friendly Shrimp Aquaculture in Southeast Asia, which
includes the Report on the Regional Seminar-Workshop on Mangrove-Friendly Shrimp
Aquaculture convened in Bangkok, Thailand from 24 to 27 June 2003, and the Report
on Phase I of the ASEAN-SEAFDEC FCG Collaborative Project on Mangrove-Friendly
Shrimp Culture incorporating the outcomes of the various activities conducted under the Project from
2000 to 2003.
In March 1999, the ASEAN-SEAFDEC Fisheries Consultative Group (FCG) approved the collaborative
project on the Promotion of Mangrove-Friendly Aquaculture in Southeast Asia with AQD as Lead
Department and Thailand as the Lead Country for the ASEAN. Upon the recommendation of the
SEAFDEC Program Committee during its 22nd Meeting in October 1999, the program was revised to
focus on the effects of shrimp culture on mangroves adopting four major approaches, namely verification
and pilot demonstration, research, training and information dissemination. The Project is being funded
through the Government of Japan’s Trust Fund.
At the start of the Project, verification and demonstration runs have been conducted in the Philippines,
Thailand, Vietnam and Myanmar with remarkable success. Very recently, a verification and demonstration
activity has been started in Cambodia and sooner a similar activity will be implemented in Malaysia.
The experiences in shrimp culture in Thailand and the Philippines served as basis for the technology
verification and demonstration activities of the Project. These experiences were documented in the
form of state-of-the-art manuals, one for the Philippine experience and the other one for Thailand. A
consolidated Manual Best Management Practices for Mangrove-Friendly Shrimp Farming has been
published recently to include the experiences in the verification and pilot demonstration sites together with
the output of the research studies. It is our hope that this Manual be translated into the native languages
of the participating countries, i.e., Malay (Bahasa Indonesia), Thai, Vietnamese, Filipino and Burmese,
etc., for its optimum use by the shrimp farmers in the region.
Training sessions, on-site in Vietnam and Myanmar and formal sessions at AQD’s Tigbauan Main Station,
Iloilo, Philippines have been conducted from 1999 to 2003. Practical sessions at AQD’s Dumangas
Brackishwater, Iloilo, Philippines, and field trips to mangrove sites are major components of the training
sessions.
Research activities were also conducted to refine certain aspects of the mangrove-friendly shrimp
aquaculture technology. Research results have shown great potentials for the verification and adoption
of the shrimp culture technology in the region.
Information activities, a major part of the Project, have been intensified through the production of
information materials in order to hasten the transfer of techniques developed through the Project. The
Project’s www.mangroveweb.net, based at AQD’s Tigbauan Main Station has been maintained.
On behalf therefore of the Project, we wish to thank the Government of Japan especially its Fisheries Agency
for the continued financial support that made the implementation of the Project possible. Special gratitude also
goes to the participating countries for their cooperation and for providing the facilities and logistics especially
for the Project’s pilot demonstration and verification activities. We are also thankful to the Member Countries
of SEAFDEC especially the Government of Thailand, for their cooperation and for their inputs, especially
the much needed technical expertise during the training sessions, workshops and seminars.
We also would wish to thank the Secretary-General of SEAFDEC, the Deputy Secretary-General who also
serves as the Trust Fund Program Manager, and the SEAFDEC Secretariat staff for their assistance and support.
We are also thankful to the officers and staff of the other SEAFDEC Departments, and also the AQD staff
for their contributions to the success of the Project.
With our compliments!
ROLANDO R. PLATON
Chief, SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department
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CONTENTS
Page
Report on the Regional Seminar-Workshop on Mangrove-
Friendly Shrimp Aquaculture (24-27 June 2003) 1
The Seminar-Workshop Participants 21
Seminar-Workshop Timetable 25
Papers Presented and Discussed at the Seminar-Workshop 26
Rationale of the Regional Seminar Workshop 27
Report on the Mangrove-Friendly Shrimp Culture Project: Phase I 32
Verification and Refinement of Intensive Shrimp Culture Techniques:
Thailand 33
Mangrove Plantation for Enhancing Food Web in
Water Recycling Shrimp Farms 34
Integrated Physical and Biological Technologies for
Water Recycling in Shrimp Farms 36
Evaluation of Seawater Irrigation for Intensive Marine Shrimp Farming 50
Mitigation Measures of Effluents from Shrimp Farms on
Mangrove and Coastal Resources 64
Verification and Refinement of Intensive Shrimp Culture Techniques:
Philippines 67
Environment-Friendly Schemes in Intensive Shrimp Farming 68
Verification of Semi-Intensive Shrimp Culture Techniques: Vietnam 72
Verification of Semi-Intensive Shrimp Culture Techniques: Myanmar 78
Verification of Semi-Intensive Shrimp Culture Techniques: Cambodia 83
Research Activities 84
Nutrient Cycles: Nutrient Dynamics in Culture Ponds 85
Capacity of Mangroves to Process Shrimp Pond Effluents 94
Information Dissemination 104
Training Course on Mangrove-Friendly Shrimp Aquaculture 105
Information Relevant to Environment-Friendly Aquaculture 107
Transboundary Movement of Exotic Shrimp Species in the Asian Region 108
Development of Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachiun rosenbergii) Seed
Production and Culture Technology in the Mekong Delta Region
of Vietnam: A Review of the JIRCAS Project at Cantho University 111
Studies on Sustainable Production Systems of Aquatic Animals in
Brackish Mangrove Areas 119
Policy Issues on the Use of Mangroves for Aquaculture 121
Shrimp Culture and Mangroves: Brunei Darussalam 122
The Use of Mangroves for Aquaculture: Cambodia 126
The Use of Mangroves for Aquaculture: Indonesia 131
The Uses of Mangroves in Malaysia 136
Use of Mangroves for Aquaculture: Myanmar 145
The Use of Mangroves for Aquaculture: Philippines 151
Mitigation Plan on the Use of Mangroves for Aquaculture: Thailand 160
Use of Mangroves for Aquaculture: Vietnam 168
Tentative List of Core Experts for the Preparation of the Regional
Code of Practice for Responsible Aquaculture in Mangrove Areas 172
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PROMOTION OF
MANGROVE-FRIENDLY SHRIMP AQUACULTURE
IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
REPORT ON THE REGIONAL SEMINAR-WORKSHOP ON
MANGROVE-FRIENDLY SHRIMP AQUACULTURE
24-27 June 2003
Bangkok, Thailand
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