Programming with Mobile Applications: Android, iOS, and Windows Phone 7

370 Pages·2012·31.61 MB·English

by  Thomas J. Duffy

PROGRAMMING WITH

MOBILE APPLICATIONS:
ANDROID™, IO S, AND

WINDOWS® PHONE 7

THOMAS J. DUFFY

# .. ~ COURSE TECHNOLOGY

1 .. CE NGAGE Learning·

Austtalla • Bra2Jt ·Japan • K0tea • t.\ei.:lco • Singap01e · Spain • UnHed Kingdom · united St ates

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, .. ,, COURSE TECHNOLOGY
l .. CENGAGE Learning·

Programming with

1\1\obile Applications: Android'"". iOS,
and W indows* Pho ne 7

Thom as J. Duffy

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Brief Contents

CHAPTER l

CHAPTER 2

CHAPTER 3

CHAPTER 4

CHAPTER 5

CHAPTER 6

CHAPTER 7

CHAPTER 8

CHAPTER 9

APPENDIX A

Prefac e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

The Computer of the Future Is in Your Hand
.
1

Deve loping for Sm al I Devices . . . . . . . .
17

Best Practices for Small Device Programming
39

Google Android: App Inventor . . . . . . .
72

Google Android: Motorola MOTODEV Studio
102

Apple iOS . . . . . . . . .
166

Microsoft Windows Phone 7
222

Web Applications

Cross-Platform Development with Phone Gap

Install ation and Set up ... ... ... .

Glossary

Index . .

255

290

315

332
338

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Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ix

CHAPTER l

CHAPTER 2

The Computer of the Future Is in Your Hand

What You Need to Know . . . . .
Mobile Device Programming
. . .

How Do You Choose a Platform?

What Is a Smartphone? . . .

History of the Smartphone
Device Capabilities
Chapter Summary .
Key Terms ...
Review Questions .
Up for Discussion .
Programming Exercises

Developing for Small Devices

Platform Architecture
.

The Android Platform
The iOS Platform . .
The Windows Phone 7 Platform

The App Life Cycle . . . .

The Android App Life Cycle . .
The iOS App Life Cycle . . . .
The Windows Phone 7 App Life Cycle
Comparing Life Cycles
Chapter Summary .
Key Terms ...
Review Questions .
Up for Discussion .
Research Projects .

1

2
3
4
6
6
8
10
11
12
15
15

. 17

18
19
20
21
22
22
27
32
34
35
36
36
38
38

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CHAPTER 3

CHAPTER 4

CHAPTER 5

Best Pract ices for Small Device Programming . 39

Object-Oriented Programming .

Encapsulation .
Inheritance . .
Polymorphism

Design Patterns •

Model-View.Controller
Delegates . . . . _

Optimization . . . • .

Strings, Buffers, and Operations .
Loops and Cond~ional Statements .
Memory Management

Chapter Summary .
Key Terms ...
Review Questions .
Up for Discussion .
Programming Exercises

Google Android: App Invent or

Review of the Android Architecture .
Your First App: Hello App Inventor

Designing a User Interface
Working with Blocks . .
Running in the Emulator .
Detective Work . . . . .

Advanced Android Apps: Where's My Phone?
Packaging and Deploying Applications

Detective Work .

Chapter Summary .
Key Terms ...
Review Questions .
Up for Discussion .
Programming Exercises

Google Android: Motorola MOTODEV Studio

Eclipse and MOTODEV Studio .
Android App Development . . _ .
The Anatomy of a Java Class . . .

Your First Android App: Hello Android!

Running in the Emulator . . . _ .
Detective Work . . . . . . . . .
Working with MOTODEV Studio and Eclipse

40
43
46
50
52
52
57
58
59
60
63
64
66
67
70
70

72

73
73
74
80
84
87
88
95
96
97
98
99
100
100

102

103
104
104
106
122
123
123

ell

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t

CHAPTER 6

CHAPTER 7

Advanced Android Apps: DotSmasher . . . . . .

Detective Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Packaging and Deploying Apps in MOTODEV Studio
Advanced Android Apps: Where's My Phone?

Detective Work .
Chapter Summary .
KeyTerms ..•
Review Questions .
Up for Discussion .
Programming Exercises

Apple iOS ...

An Objective.C Primer . . . .
Back to the Beginning . . . .
Moving Forward: Hello iP hone! .

Detective Work . . . . . .
Troubleshooting . . . . . .

Advanced iOS Apps: ButtonChaser .

Detective Work . . . . . . . .
Working with the iOS Development Tools
Packaging and Deploying iOS Apps
. .
So Where Is Where's My Phone? . . .

Using the Core Location Framework

Chapter Summary .
KeyTerms ...
Review Questions .
Up for Discussion .
Programming Exercises

Microsoft Windows Phone 7

A Quick Look at C# . . . . . . . .
Your First Windows Phone 7 App: Hello Windows!

Running in the Emulator . . . .
Detective Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Working with Visual Studio 2010
. . . . . .

Advanced Windows Phone 7 Apps: ButtonChaser
Detective Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Packaging and Deploying Windows Phone 7 Apps
Again, Where Is Where's My Phone?

Using the Location Service
Chapter Summary .
KeyTerms ....•...

126
141
141
143
159
160
161
162
164
164

166

167
171
178
197
197
197
204
205
207
208
208
217
218
218
221
221

222

223
226
232
234
234
236
242
242
245
246
249
250

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CHAPTER 8

CHAPTER 9

Review Questions . . .
Up for Discussion . . .
Programming Exercises

Web Applica tions

Developing for Mobile Browsers .
Choosing an Editor • . . . . •

Detective Work . . . . . . .
A Quick Look at Web Technologies

HTML ..
css .......... .
JavaScript . . . . . . . .

Your First Web App: Hello Web!
Testing Web Apps in Emulators
Android ... .
iOS ..... .
Windows Phone 7
Detective Work .

Advanced Web App: DotSmasher
Detective Work •

Chapter Summary .
Key Terms ...
Review Questions .
Up for Discussion .
Programming Exercises

Cross-Platform Devel op me nt with Phone Gap

251
253
253

255

256
257
260
261
261
264
268
273
277
278
278
279
280
280
285
286
286
287
289
289

290

Introducing PhoneGap . . . . . . . . . . .
291

Your First PhoneGap App: Hello PhoneGap! • . .
292

Creating the Project Files in MOTODEV Studio .
292

Creating the Project w~h Existing Files in Xcode
296
Detective Work . . . . . . . . . .
300

Advanced PhoneGap Apps: DotSmasher . . . .
301

Creating the Project Files in Xcode . . . . . .
301

Creating the Project w~h Existing Files in MOTODEV Studio
306

Detective Work . . . . . . . .
307

Using PhoneGap·s Geolocation API .
307
Chapter Summary .
311

Key Terms . . •
311

Review Questions .
311

Up for Discussion .
312

Programming Exercises
313

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APPENDIX A
Installation and Setup
Android .....

App Inventor . .
MOTODEV Studio

Apple iOS ..•
Windows Phone 7 .
PhoneGap ....

Using PhoneGap wrth Xcode 3
Using PhoneGap wrth MOTODEV Studio .

Getting Help

Glossary

Index ..

315

316
316
318
323
326
329
329
330
330

332

338

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Preface

Welcome to Programming witJr Mobile Applications: Android, iOS. and Windows Phone 7'
This book L< aimed at programmers-or those "'th some programming background-who
want to move into the exciting world of developing apps for smartphones. The major
platforms for m<lbile apps are G<lOgle Android, Apple iOS. and Microsoft \l(iindows Phone 7,
so this book foclLses on developing apps for these three operating systems.

Approach

The approach used in Programming witJr Mobile Applications: Android, iOS. and Windows
Phone 7 is simple. You learn techniques applicable to smartphone development, and then
apply these techniques in writing apps for Android, iOS, and Windows Phone 7. When
possible, the apps created for each platform are identical so that you can use your ne"found
knowledge to help you decide which platforms you want to use. Each chapter begin.< with the
traditional Hello World app and then moves on to more complex and useful apps. Jn addition,
Programming witJr Mobile Applications includes coverage of writing Web apps as well as
cross-platform apps by using the PhoneGap libraries.

The t<lOls used in Probwamming witJr Mobile Applications are the standard tools developers
use to create apps. Specifically, two tools are lLsed for Android development: G<lOgle's App
Inventor and Motorola's MOTODEV Studio. MOTODEV Studio LS a branded version of IBM
Eclipse with plug-ins for creating Android apps. Apple's Xcode4 is used for iOS development,
and Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 Express is used for Windows Phone 7 development. All
these t<lOls include an emulator for testing your apps, so you don't need a smartphone to
run any of the apps covered in this book. In addition, all the t<x>ls u.<ed in this book are
av-•ilable free.

What This Book Is

This book serves as an introduction to \vriting program-; for n1obile devices. Jt familiarizes you
with the software for creating mobile a pps and the process of using the software development
kit (SDK) for each platform covered in thcs b<x>k. You don't need actual phones because the
apps you create in this b<lOk can run by using software emulators.

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Organization and C-Overage

What This Book Is Not

Because this book is targeted to those new to developing mobile apps, it doesn't cover
advanced topics, such as application programming interfaces (AI'ls) for each platform.
Instead, it explains how to access the APls you need so that you can develop that "killer app"
you have in mind.

In addition, this book isn't an exhaustive information resource. You can find a wealth of
information, tutorial<, examples, and other resources for each platform online. You should
learn enough from this book that you can modify and make use of code you find to fit your
needs. There's no substitute for \\Titing code, making mt<takes, and learning how to fix them.
Indeed, there's no better way to further your learning about programming.

Organization and Coverage

Chapter l introduces the smartphone landscape, reviews basic programming terms, and
gives you an overview of the tools used to develop apps on each platform. You ais<) learn
about the history of the smartphone and the capabilities of the most current phones for
each platform.

Chapter 2 covers platform architecture and app life cyde events and compares the three
major platforms.

Chapter 3 covers best practices for developing smartphone apps. It includes a brief
introduction to object-oriented programming concepts and describes the Model-View-
ControUer and Delegate design patterns in the context of smartphone programming. Finally,
some optimization techniques that are useful for smartphone apps, including memory
management, are discussed.

The next four chapters cover the three major platforms in detail. Chapter 4 uses G<)()gle's
App Inventor to create Android apps, and Chapter 5 uses Motorola's MOTODEV Studio
to create Android apps. Chapter 6 covers Apple iOS, u.•ing Apple's iOS SDK, Xcode, and
lnterfuce Builder. Chapter 7 covers Microsoft Windows Phone 7, using Visual Studio 2010
Express for Windows Phone.

Chapter 8 explains developing Web apps in the context of smartphones, using HTM L, CSS,
and Java Script.

Chapter 9 covers cross-platform development with the open-source PhoneGap library.
You develop native apps for Android and iOS by using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

Appendix A explains how to install and set up the software you need to work through the
exercises in the book and describes how to create a project in each tool. You'll refer to this
appendix often as a u.<eful resource.

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Features of the Book

Features of the Book

Programming with Mobile App/ica.tions includes the following features:

•
Objectives- Each chapter begins with a list of objectives as an overview of the topics
discussed in the chapter and as a useful study aid.

•
Note.~ Want More Info?. Programming Tips. and Cautions- Notes offer additional
information about programming concepts. The Want More Info? features give link.<
that guide you to Web sites where you can explore topics in more depth or find useful
resources. I'rogramming Tips give advice cln approaching problems from a programmer's
point of viev.•. Cautions \\•arn )'OU about sntuations that are eaS)' to get into and likely to
cause big problems.

•
Figures and tables- Chapters contain diagrams to clarify pr<>gramming concepts and
screenshots to show the interfaces of tool< you're working with. In addition, many tables
are included to give you an at~a .. gtance summary of useful information.

•
Best practices- You're encouraged to use programming and development techniques that
follow industry-accepted standards and conventions. Because each platform uses an
object-oriented programming language, you learn object-oriented design and
programming techniques as well as the Model-View-Controller and Delegate design
patterns. ln addition, code optimizations for small devices are covered.

•
How· To exercises- Starting with Chapter 4, each chapter includes boxed features called
"How· To" exercises, which are hands-on t utorials that lead you through the development
proces.s step by step to create working apps.

•
Detective \Vorkf..-itures- Each How-Toexerdse end< "ith a Detective Work feature that
challenges you to apply a concept you've ju.<t learned to a new situation, complete a ta<k
started in a previou.~ exercise, or extend an app \1.'i.th additional features, for example.

• Summaries- At the end of each chapter L< a summary list that recaps the programming
concepts and techniques covered in the chapter so that you have a way to check your
understanding of the chapter's main poinLs.

•
Key terms- Each chapter includes definiti-0ns of new terms, alphabetized for ease of
reference. ~fhis feature ls another useful \ WY to reviev.• the chapter's major concepts.

•
/?evieiv questi.ons- Each chapter contains multiple·choice and true/false reviev.• questions,
along with "Up for Discussion" questions for a review of key concepts in the chapter.

•
/)rogra11v11ing· exercises- Each chapter includes programming problems involving
concepts explained in the chapter to help students practice creating apps for each
platform. Students are encouraged to work through the problems and have instructors
check their work against the solution files.

•
Quality-Every program example, hands--0n activity, and case study was tested by the
author in four major browsers (Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, and
Safari) and again by Cengage Quality Assurance testers.

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Software Used in This Book

Student Resources

Source code and project files for the Mow-To exercises in h·ogmmming with Mobile
A11plications are available at H1ll1l11.cei1gagebra.l1tco111.

Software Used in This Book

All software you use in this book is available f•ee. With the exceptk>n of PhoneGap, you need
to register \Yith softv.•are vendors to dov.rnload the tools. lvlost vendors have a nk1rketplace,
such as Apple's App Store and the Android Market, that charges a fee for posting your apps as
well as a developer program you must enroll in to post your apps. Appendix A has
instructions for in.stalling and setting up all the software tools lLsed in thcs book, but here's a
list of tools, download locations, and guidelines for hardware requirements for each platform:

Google Android

Google App Inventor-App Inventor is a Web-based application. For information on system
requirenienlo; and setup, visit ll'lVlV.appinvento,-beta.co111//ea111/setu11/i1uiex}1l:1111.

At the M1e of INs writing, Google is !h'lnilg to tum wer App Inventor to MIT Researcll Labs. By the line
you tead lllis book, the URL i1 Appenclh< A pcinfl'lg to App kl"'ntor moght no tonger work. BecaJse App
l!M!ntofs new tocabon is unkno\Wl at tlis tme. look for '*3(1ated ilfmnation at "'"'v.cengagellrain.can.
Searcll by ISBN for INs book, sdect Access Now, and cid< Update; 11 the left oa1>gation bar. Steps and
saeeos night diffet sightly from ~hat's she..,, 11 this book.

Motorola MOTODEV Studio-Download from http://de1•eloper.motoro/a,comldocswo/s/
111otodevstu1Jio/dow11/(J(lt//. For information on system requirements, go to http://dew/oper.
mowro/a,com/docswols!libraryl/11stalli11g_MOTODEV_Studi0Jor_A11dmid!.

Apple iOS

iOS $DK-Download &om https:l!developer.apple.comlxcodeli11dex.php. System
requirements: an Intel-based Mac running OS X 10.3 to 10.7.

Note. This book uses Xcode 4-. If you're using a Mac with OS X 10.5 or earlier, you need to
install Xcode 3. Look for a section on the download page for the iOS SOK called "Looking for
Xcode 3'." Apple will continue supporting Xcode 3.

Microsoft Windows Phone 7

Visual Studio 2010 Express for Windows Phone-Download the software and view system
requirement< at www.micm•oftcom/dcwnload/e11/detai/s.aspx?displaylang=e11&id=27570.

Phone Gap

Do\vnload from lVlt'll'.phonegap.a.>111/ho111e/ .

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For the Instructor

For the Instructor

Programming with Mobile Applications e• intended to be modular. The first part of the book
covers concepl< and techniques that apply to all the platforms. The second pa rt covers each
platform separately. Based on your students' experience, you can choose which chapters in
the first part you want to include. If your students have already learned object-oriented
~

programming principles and techniques. you might want to omit Chapter 3, for example.
~

In the second part, you can choose which platforms to target. If you don't have Macs
av-•ilable, for example, you could omit Chapte• 6, or you might decide you don't need to cover
two tool< for Android development, in which case you could eliminate Chapter4. Becau.se the
platform chapters cover the same apps, your students won't be me«ing anything.

At Norwalk Community College (NCC), the .class on programming mobile devices uses this
book. It has been taught online the last two times it has been offered, and it uses the entire
book with the following changes. First, studenl< are a<ked to install the software at the
beginning of the cla55, so Appendix A e• covered firsl This method lead• to fur fewer
headaches later in the term. Second, the Detective Work features and Programming Exercises
in Chapter 6 are optkmal because for many students, particularly those at community
colleges, requiring studenl< to have a Mac is too much of a financial burden. NCC does have
Mac labs with the development tools irt<talled available for students, but asking students to
come to campus defeal< the purpose of an online class' When the class is taught on campus, it
meets for 5 hours per week: 3 hours lecture and 2 hours supervised lab time. Jt takes place in
the Mac labs for the iOS chapter and in the PC labs for all other chapters.

Instructor Resources

The following teaching tools are available on the Instructor Resources CD or through
wgin.cengage.com to instructors who have adopted this book:

Instructor's Ma.m1al. The electronic Inst rue tor's Manual follows the book chapter by
chapter to assist in planning and organizing an effective, engaging course. The manual
includes learning objectives, chapter overviews, lecture notes, teaching tips, ideas for
classroom activities, and additional resources. A sample course syllabus is also available.

Exa.mView®. This book is accompanied by Exam View, a powerful testing software package
that allows instructors to create and administer printed, computer (lAN-based), and Internet
exatTL•. Exam View includes hundreds of questions corresponding to the topics covered in the<
book, enabling studenl< to generate detailed study guides that include page references for
further review. The.se computer-based and Internet testing components allow students to
take exams at their computers and save instructors time by grading each exam automatically.
Test banks are also available in Blackboard, WebCT, and Angel formats.

J>owerl'oi11t Prese11ta.tio11s. The< book comes with Powerl'oint slides for each chapter.
They're included as a teaching aid for classroom presentations, to make available to stu<lenl<
on the net\\'ork for chapter revie\'1, or to be printed for classr<">0n1 d i.')tribution. Instructors can
add their own slides for additional topics or customize the slides with access to all the figure
files from the book.

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