Programming Logic and Design, Comprehensive

717 Pages·2009·9.21 MB·English

PROGRAMMING LOGIC
AND DESIGN
COMPREHENSIVE
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SIXTH EDITION
P R O G R A M M I N G L O G I C
A N D D E S I G N
COMPREHENSIVE
JOYCE FAR RELL
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Comprehensive, Sixth Edition
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Joyce Farrell
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Brief Contents
v
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
CHAPTER 1 An Overview of Computers and Programming . . 1
CHAPTER 2 Working with Data, Creating Modules,
and Designing High-Quality Programs . . . . 41
CHAPTER 3 Understanding Structure . . . . . . . . . . 92
CHAPTER 4 Making Decisions . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
CHAPTER 5 Looping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
CHAPTER 6 Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
CHAPTER 7 File Handling and Applications . . . . . . 276
CHAPTER 8 Advanced Array Concepts, Indexed Files,
and Linked Lists. . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
CHAPTER 9 Advanced Modularization Techniques . . . . 370
CHAPTER 10 Object-Oriented Programming . . . . . . . 426
CHAPTER 11 More Object-Oriented Programming
Concepts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469
CHAPTER 12 Event-Driven GUI Programming,
Multithreading, and Animation . . . . . . . 515
CHAPTER 13 System Modeling with the UML . . . . . . 550
CHAPTER 14 Using Relational Databases . . . . . . . . 585
APPENDIX A Understanding Numbering Systems
and Computer Codes. . . . . . . . . . . 637
APPENDIX B Flowchart Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . 646
BRIEF CONTENTS
APPENDIX C Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647
APPENDIX D Solving Difficult Structuring Problems . . . 649
APPENDIX E Creating Print Charts . . . . . . . . . . 658
vi APPENDIX F Two Variations on the Basic Structures—
case and do-while . . . . . . . . . . 660
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681
Contents
vii
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
CHAPTER 1 An Overview of Computers
and Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Understanding Computer Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Understanding Simple Program Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Understanding the Program Development Cycle . . . . . . . 8
Understanding the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Planning the Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Coding the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Using Software to Translate the Program
into Machine Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Testing the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Putting the Program into Production . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Maintaining the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Using Pseudocode Statements and Flowchart Symbols . . . .15
Writing Pseudocode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Drawing Flowcharts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Repeating Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Using a Sentinel Value to End a Program. . . . . . . . . . .20
Understanding Programming and User Environments . . . . .23
Understanding Programming Environments . . . . . . . . .23
Understanding User Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Understanding the Evolution of Programming Models . . . . .27
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
CHAPTER 2 Working with Data, Creating Modules,
and Designing High-Quality Programs . . . . . . 41
Declaring and Using Variables and Constants. . . . . . . . .42
CONTENTS
Working with Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Naming Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Understanding Unnamed, Literal Constants
and their Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Understanding the Data Types of Variables . . . . . . . . .46
Declaring Named Constants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
viii
Assigning Values to Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Performing Arithmetic Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Understanding the Advantages of Modularization . . . . . . .52
Modularization Provides Abstraction . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Modularization Allows Multiple Programmers
to Work on a Problem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Modularization Allows You to Reuse Your Work . . . . . . .54
Modularizing a Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Declaring Variables and Constants
within Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Understanding the Most Common Configuration
for Mainline Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Creating Hierarchy Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Features of Good Program Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
Using Program Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Choosing Identifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
Designing Clear Statements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Writing Clear Prompts and Echoing Input. . . . . . . . . .74
Maintaining Good Programming Habits. . . . . . . . . . .76
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
CHAPTER 3 Understanding Structure . . . . . . . . . . 92
Understanding Unstructured Spaghetti Code . . . . . . . . .93
Understanding the Three Basic Structures . . . . . . . . . .95
Using a Priming Input to Structure a Program . . . . . . . 103
Understanding the Reasons for Structure . . . . . . . . . 110
Recognizing Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Structuring and Modularizing Unstructured Logic . . . . . . 115
Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Key Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127