Programming 16-Bit PIC Microcontrollers in C: Learning to Fly the PIC 24

401 Pages·2007·6.06 MB·English

by  Lucio Di Jasio

Programming 16-Bit PIC Microcontrollers in C

Programming 16-Bit PIC Microcontrollers in C
Learning to Fly the PIC24

By
Lucio Di Jasio

AMSTERDAM (cid:129) BOSTON (cid:129) HEIDELBERG (cid:129) LONDON
NEW YORK (cid:129) OXFORD (cid:129) PARIS (cid:129) SAN DIEGO
SAN FRANCISCO (cid:129) SINGAPORE (cid:129) SYDNEY (cid:129) TOKYO
Newnes is an imprint of Elsevier
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ISBN-13: 978-0-7506-8292-3
ISBN-10: 0-7506-8292-2
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Printed in the United States of America
Dedication
To Sara

Contents
Preface .................................................................................................................xv
Introduction ......................................................................................................xvii
Who should read this book? ...................................................................................................xvii
Structure of the book .............................................................................................................xviii
What this book is not ...............................................................................................................xix
Checklists ................................................................................................................................xix
PART I
CHAPTER 1: THE FIRST FLIGHT ...................................................................................3
Flight plan .............................................................................................................3
Prefl ight checklist .................................................................................................4
The fl ight ...............................................................................................................4
Compiling and linking ................................................................................................................6
Building the fi rst project .............................................................................................................7
PORT initialization .....................................................................................................................9
Retesting PORTA......................................................................................................................10
Testing PORTB .........................................................................................................................10
Post-fl ight briefi ng .............................................................................................12
Notes for assembly experts ...............................................................................13
Notes for PIC MCU experts ................................................................................14
Notes for C experts ............................................................................................14
Tips and tricks .....................................................................................................14
Exercises ..............................................................................................................15
Books .................................................................................................................15
Links .................................................................................................................15
CHAPTER 2: A LOOP IN THE PATTERN .....................................................................17
Flight plan ...........................................................................................................17
Prefl ight checklist ...............................................................................................17
The fl ight .............................................................................................................18
An animated simulation ............................................................................................................21
Using the Logic Analyzer ........................................................................................................24
Post-fl ight briefi ng .............................................................................................26
Notes for assembly experts ...............................................................................27
vii
Contents
Notes for PIC microcontroller experts ...............................................................27
Notes for C experts ............................................................................................27
Tips and tricks .....................................................................................................27
Exercises ..............................................................................................................28
Books .................................................................................................................28
Links .................................................................................................................28
CHAPTER 3: MORE PATTERN WORK, MORE LOOPS ...............................................29
Flight plan ...........................................................................................................29
Prefl ight checklist ...............................................................................................30
The fl ight .............................................................................................................30
Do Loops ..................................................................................................................................30
Variable declarations ................................................................................................................31
for loops .................................................................................................................................31
More loop examples .................................................................................................................32
Arrays .......................................................................................................................................33
A new demo ..............................................................................................................................34
Testing with the Logic Analyzer ...............................................................................................36
Using the Explorer16 demonstration board ..............................................................................37
Post-fl ight briefi ng .............................................................................................37
Notes for assembly experts ...............................................................................37
Notes for PIC microcontroller experts ...............................................................38
Notes for C experts ............................................................................................38
Tips and tricks .....................................................................................................38
Exercises ..............................................................................................................40
Books .................................................................................................................40
Links .................................................................................................................40
CHAPTER 4: NUMB3RS .............................................................................................41
Flight plan ...........................................................................................................41
Prefl ight checklist ...............................................................................................42
The fl ight .............................................................................................................42
On optimization (or lack thereof) .............................................................................................43
Testing ......................................................................................................................................44
Going long ................................................................................................................................44
Note on the multiplication of long integers ..............................................................................45
Long long multiplication ..........................................................................................................45
Floating point ............................................................................................................................46
Notes for C experts ............................................................................................46
Measuring performance ...........................................................................................................47
Post-fl ight briefi ng .............................................................................................49
Notes for assembly experts .......................................................................................................50
Notes for PIC microcontroller experts ...............................................................51
Tips and tricks .....................................................................................................51
viii
Contents
Math libraries ............................................................................................................................51
Complex data types ..................................................................................................................51
Exercises ..............................................................................................................52
Books .................................................................................................................52
Links .................................................................................................................52
CHAPTER 5: INTERRUPTS .........................................................................................53
Flight plan ...........................................................................................................53
Prefl ight checklist ...............................................................................................53
The fl ight .............................................................................................................54
Nesting of interrupts .................................................................................................................57
Traps .........................................................................................................................................57
A template and an example for Timer1 interrupt .....................................................................58
A real example with Timer1 .....................................................................................................59
Testing the Timer1 interrupt .....................................................................................................61
The secondary oscillator ...........................................................................................................63
The real-time clock calendar (RTCC) ......................................................................................64
Managing multiple interrupts ...................................................................................................64
Post-fl ight briefi ng .............................................................................................65
Notes for C experts ............................................................................................65
Notes for assembly experts ...............................................................................65
Notes for PIC microcontroller experts ...............................................................66
Tips and tricks .....................................................................................................66
Exercises ..............................................................................................................68
Books .................................................................................................................68
Links .................................................................................................................68
CHAPTER 6: TAKING A LOOK UNDER THE HOOD ..................................................69
Flight plan ...........................................................................................................69
Prefl ight checklist ...............................................................................................69
The fl ight ..................................................................................................................................70
Memory space allocation ..........................................................................................................71
Program space visibility ...........................................................................................................72
Investigating memory allocation ..............................................................................................73
Looking at the MAP .................................................................................................................77
Pointers .....................................................................................................................................79
The heap ...................................................................................................................................80
MPLAB C30 Memory Models .................................................................................................81
Post-fl ight briefi ng .............................................................................................81
Notes for C experts ............................................................................................81
Notes for assembly experts ...............................................................................82
Notes for PIC microcontroller experts ...............................................................82
Tips and tricks .....................................................................................................82
Exercises ..............................................................................................................83
ix