Proficiency English: Language and Composition Bk. 1 (Proficiency English) PDF
Preview Proficiency English: Language and Composition Bk. 1 (Proficiency English)
ws H — | e 3 : I P| _ | i |] | Hr) qi Hi) all (al PL Proficiency English Proficiency Engiish Book 1: Language and Composition W oS Cowler ¥. 5. Fowler Nelson ‘Thomas Nelson gnc Sums Lid amit Road Middlesex TW16 7HE PA}. Box 18123 Nairobi Kenya ‘Thomas Nelson (Anstralia) Ltd 19-3Y Jeficott Street West Melbourne Victoria 3003 ‘Thamas Nelson and Sons (Canada) Ltd ‘Ontario ‘Thomas Neison (Nigeria) Lad 8 Munejn Bypass PMB 1303 Tkeia Lagos © W. 5. Towler 1976 017 555117 0 All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication or transmitted, in uny form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers. CONTENTS Jotrodnetion Section One - Essentiai Siruciures and Gonnecters 1 | The Package Deal ~ Present time - simple sentence connecters - use and omission of “the* — participles and Shop (dialogue) — idiomatic usage (present time). Discussion wad Situation themes: packaging, litter, Your Bean Steak, Sir! — Future time — concession clauses and connecters - the reason why - likely — relative udverbs usage (future time). Discussion and Si expl it of problems, faifures. i8 4 A Kind of Sermon — it (all impersonal structures) — gerund and patticiple — yon and one — what (the thing 26 in Tep of the Voicano — aii iorms oi compurisun — one(s) felated th posses: Most Persistent Salesman in the Wer idiomatic usage (comparison), i, wui thyuakes, ete., insurance, salesmanship, buying and selfing. as 6 Take-Over ~ relative clanses (defining, non es co-ordinate) — The Acndemiz: Rut-roxe (dialogue) — contact Discussion and Situation themes: stocks and shares, business, gambling, collecting, situations involving use of reiative cinuses. 43 7 The Machine Says You're Lying — noun vlnuses — By God, They Frighten Me! (distogue) — exctamations — indirect ni — roparted speech — idiomatic question forms, Discussion and Situation themes: lie detectors, military service, social service, situations involving enthasiasm, anger, ete. 51 & The Magic Shrub — So You Want to Come to University (dialogue) — articles — countable/uncountabl Discusion and Situation themes: nature and the human Tact, careers, university entrance, interviews. 61 ° muy — us and like — politeness forms with can and could — reported speech (can and may). fall forms reas) — politeness forms with conditionals — Sball 12, shall we? and Jet's — like and kind of. Discussion aud Sitwai 3 situations involving conditions. 80 11 How to Succeed in Business without Really Trying & , Ste. politeness forms with will - idiomatic usage of will, should, ‘ought to, must and need - need and get something donc — sui, yet and aiready. Di and Sitvation themes: office work, situations involving prohibition, necessity, etc. 90 12 The Marriage Game (disloguc) use of Present Perfect and Pasi termes - puiierns for uniuitilied actions - quite. Discussion and Situation thames: marriage, congratulations, unfelfilled expectations. 100 ao A Past Perfect tenses — be to- clanses of degree — Slauses of purpose — np — still and even. Discussion themes: aniversities. 107 14 King Edward Vi (Patrick O'Donovan) = The Passive voice — suhjunetives — purpose clauses with subjunctive — na is The fe Norti-west Fassage Conquered (George W Perfect pardelple and Past (substitute subject) Situation themes: general revision. 123 Section Two — Sentence Construction 131 131 H Synthest 135 © Paragraph writing 139 Seciion Three — Types of Modern En i 142 145 Instructions 148 Adveriizemenis sz Section Four — Papular and Humerous Journalism 157 4A Popular Journalism 157 45 Humorous Journalism 107 ‘The fact that you are beginning tu study this haok shows that you are no longer what is called sn Intermediate student of Eugiish but gan he considered Advanced — thet d that yau can express yourself quite well in English, both in speaking and In writing. This book is intended ta help you to improve still further no that you can reach the point where people will say that your a level red by the Cambridge Proficiency examination, for example. You will see my personal opinion of the difficulties ahead of you = the in 4af this book, may nay he helpful for me to make the main points of my argument bere, hefnre you start. In the first place, there is still quite along way to go before you can deel sure that your English is fuent. You have probably noticed yourself thet while you cum express your ideas in Wnglish clearly enough, you anly know one way of saying or writing them. You would like to be abie to vary this a lire, depending on is company around you or the situation you indy 0, jr you would in your own language. In the sume way, while you Understand your teacher perfectly, you may sometimes not find itso cary to follow ordinary English ot American people who do not book § expose” you to as many variations of moder English us possible and help you to use them yourself in the uppropriate circum- nlntices, tiuent in Englith does not really depend on learning a lot of more vomplicated | structures than you have studied already. Good mad- ern pica’ depends on the correct use of structures and the connecting words orf phrases that link sentences together. You will find some of these in the paragraphs above — “that is to say,” “tor exampie, 7 demonstrate by examples the use of such phrases 30 that you will be encouraged to try them out for yourself in your own specch and writing. t inglieh yon have leamt his heen selected tor you, especially if you have studied in your own cauntry, rather Ian in England. You have learnt the most useful and necessary
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