Proceedings of Village Power

1079 Pages·1999·19.38 MB·English

Proceedings of
Village Power ’98
Scaling Up Electricity Access
for Sustainable Rural Development
Volume I
Convened by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory
In collaboration with the World Bank
World Bank Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
October 6-8, 1998
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Village Power ’98
Scaling Up Electricity Access
for Sustainable Rural Development
Convened by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory
In collaboration with the World Bank
World Bank Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
October 6-8, 1998
Village Power ’98 Proceedings
Organizing/Editing Team
Julie Cardinal, NREL
Larry Flowers, NREL
Judy Siegel, World Bank
Roger Taylor, NREL
Jerome Weingart, Weingart & Associates
Village Power ’98 Proceedings were produced by the
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Village Power ‘98
Tuesday, October 6, 1998 Page
09:00-09:30 Opening Session.........................................................................................................................................................1
•Caio Koch-Weser, Managing Director,World Bank
•Richard Truly, Director, National Renewable Energy Laboratory ....................................................................................................3
•Allan Hoffman, U.S. Department of Energy .....................................................................................................................................5
09:30-10:00 Keynote Addresses.....................................................................................................................................................7
•Tim Wirth, Director, UN Foundation
•Ambassador Leonard Spearman, Director, Renewable Energy for African Development...............................................................9
10:15-11:15 Defining the Problem: Scaling-up Electricity Access for Sustainable Rural Development
- Chair, Callisto Madavo, Vice President for Africa,World Bank.....................................................................................................15
•The Asia Challenge - Mieko Nishimizu, Vice President, South Asia, World Bank .........................................................................17
•Latin America and Caribbean Needs for Rural Energy
– Ambassador Christopher Thomas, Assistant Secretary General, Organization of American States ..........................................21
•The Challenge and Needs in Africa - Mark Tomlinson,World Bank
11:15-12:00 Meeting the Challenge to Rural Access - Chair, James Bond,World Bank ............................................................29
•Private Sector Strategy to Increase Rural Electricity Access – Herre Hoekstra, Shell Renewables..............................................31
•UN Sustainable Energy Initiative - Susan McDade,Energy and Atmosphere Programme, SEED and UNDP ..............................35
•Renewable Energy Finance: Matching Resources and Needs- Michael Allen,E&CO...................................................................41
•Technology Options for Meeting Rural Electricity Needs - Larry Flowers, NREL ..........................................................................55
12:00-12:30 1998 Village Power Road Warrior Award ................................................................................................................67
•Village Power Road Warrior Address – Bud Annan.......................................................................................................................69
14:00-16:00 Organizing for Scaling-up Electricity Access; Models for Sustainable Energy Delivery
- Chair, Karl Jechoutek,World Bank ................................................................................................................................................75
•Key Issues in Scaling-up Rural Electricity Access - Arun Sanghvi,World Bank.............................................................................77
•Scaling-up Rural Photovoltaic Enterprises in Emerging Market Economies: The Case of China
- Noureddine Berrah,World Bank
•Mexico: Achieving Universal Coverage - Carlos Gonzáles, CFE, Mexico
•Brazil Prodeem Program – Eugenio Mancini, National Department of Energy Development (DNDE), Brazil
•South Africa ESKOM Renewable Energy Experience - Thulani Gcbashe, ESKOM...................................................................... 87
•Solar Electric Energy Delivery - A Business Model- Richard Hansen, SOLUZ, Inc..................................................................... 101
16:30-18:00 Panel Discussion: Roles and Consequences of Bilateral Donor Programs
- Chair, Matthew Mendis, AED ......................................................................................................................................................115
•USA - Jeff Seabright, USAID .......................................................................................................................................................117
•Netherlands - Paul Hassing, DGIS...............................................................................................................................................125
•International Energy Agency - Bernard McNelis, IT Power..........................................................................................................131
•United Kingdom – Clive Caffall, DFID ..........................................................................................................................................139
18:00-20:00 Poster Session and Reception in the Atrium of the World Bank
Wednesday, October 7, 1998
09:00-11:00 Promoting Productive Uses and Small Businesses for Rural Development
- Chair, Khalid Siraj,World Bank....................................................................................................................................................155
•Promoting Productive Uses through Rural Enterprise Development
- Jim Finucane, Indonesia SHS Project Support Group ................................................................................................................157
•Energy’s Role in Rural Income Generation: The Grameen Strategy
- Dipal Barua,Grameen Bank .......................................................................................................................................................165
•Productive Uses of Electricity: Country Experiences - David Kittelson, NRECA .........................................................................187
•Small Scale Village Electrification; an NGO Perspective
- Donella Bryce, Appropriate Technologies for Community and Environment ............................................................................. 201
•Capacity Building for Small Scale Rural Development - John Kadyszewski, Winrock.................................................................209
•Gender Poverty and Rural Electrification – Elizabeth Cecelski, Consultant ................................................................................229
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Village Power ‘98
Wednesday, October 7, 1998 (Continued) Page
11:30-13:00 Panel Discussion: Role of Electric Utilities in Rural Electrification
- Chair, Allan Hoffman, U.S. Department of Energy......................................................................................................................249
•Good Practices in Grid-Based Rural Electrification - Doug Barnes,World Bank..........................................................................251
•Decentralized Rural Electrification - Wolfgang Mostert, Consultant ............................................................................................259
•Utility Challenge for Distributed Generation - Carl Weinberg,Consultant.....................................................................................275
•Utility Response:.
- Edison Technology Solutions - Jim Reilly ...................................................................................................................................285
- EJSEDSA in Argentina - Daniel Angel Sandoval
- South Africa ESKOM - Thulani Gcbashe
- Arizona Public Service (APS) - Peter Johnston ..........................................................................................................................295
- NRECA - Pete Smith
14:00-16:00 Power Supply Options for Decentralized Rural Electrification
- Chair, Judy Siegel,World Bank ..................................................................................................................................................299
•PV Applications for Sustainable Rural Development - Peter McKenzie
•Decentralized Rural Electrification in Zimbabwe - Alex Makomva, ZESA....................................................................................301
•Lessons Learned in Battery Charging Stations - Stephen Graham, Consultant ..........................................................................315
•Small Wind for Village Power - Michael Bergey, Bergey Windpower ..........................................................................................325
•Biomass Gasification for Village Power - Ralph Overend, NREL ...............................................................................................331
•Hybrid Power Systems in the Australian Outback - Stephen Phillips, AES Australia .................................................................. 347
•Diesel Retrofits: The Alaskan Experience - Richard Emerman, Alaskan State Energy Office ....................................................359
•Micro-hydro Mini-Grids - Andrew Barnett, Intermediate Technology Development Group ..........................................................365
16:30-18:00 Rural Energy Service Models - Chair, Jerry Weingart, Weingart & Associates ..................................................... 383
•Concessions: The Argentina Experience - Aldo Fabris, Ministry of Energy, Argentina ............................................................... 385
•Sunlight Power International Approaches in Morocco
- Jeff Serfass and Dr. Abdelhanine Benallou, SunLight Power Morocco .....................................................................................393
•Battery Charging in Brazil - Michael Davis, Golden Genesis
•Transition from NGO to Profit-making Enterprise - Priyantha Wijesooriya, Sri Lanka
•Challenges for Viable RESCOs - Art Lilley, Community Power Corporation ...............................................................................403
•Empowering Rural Villages - Charlie Gay, ASE Americas...........................................................................................................413
•Solar Lighting for the Church of Africa - Bishop Alden Hathaway, Jr...........................................................................................419
Thursday, October 8, 1998
09:00-11:00 Financing Scale-up of Rural Electricity Access and Expanding Renewable Energy Markets
- Chair, Paul Hassing, DGIS, The Netherlands .............................................................................................................................431
•Effective Intermediation: Experience in Asia RE Projects - Jim Finucane, Indonesia SHS Support Group.................................433
•Structuring and Justifying Financial Incentives - Subodh Mathur, Consultant .............................................................................445
•Inter-American Development Bank Experience in Renewable Energy Financing for Rural Development
- Jaime Millan - Inter-American Development Bank ......................................................................................................................455
•Financing for Private Sector Renewable Energy Projects - International Finance Corporation (IFC)..........................................463
11:30-12:00 Closing Statements - Chair, Alistair McKechnie,World Bank..................................................................................467
•NREL – Roger Taylor...................................................................................................................................................................469
•World Bank - James Bond ...........................................................................................................................................................475
v
Village Power ‘98
Appendix A Page
Poster Session ............................................................................................................................................................................479
NREL Handouts
Project Briefs .................................................................................................................................................................................513
Bibliography...................................................................................................................................................................................559
Renewables for Sustainable Village Power by Larry Flowers .......................................................................................................563
Lessons Learned from the NREL Village Power Program by Roger Taylor..................................................................................571
Village Power ’98 Attendees.......................................................................................................................................................577
Photographs ................................................................................................................................................................................631
vii
Village Power ’98
Tuesday, October 6, 1998
09:00-09:30 Opening Session
•Caio Koch-Weser, Managing Director,World Bank
•Richard Truly, Director, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
•Allan Hoffman, U.S. Department of Energy
Brief Summary of Opening Comments at Village Power 98
Presented at Village Power 98
Scaling Up Electricity Access for Sustainable Rural Development
Washington, D.C., October 6-8, 1998
Richard Truly
Background
This is the fifth Village Power workshop sponsored by NREL. We have held these meetings
every year since 1993, to focus, challenge, and provide a forum for interaction among
practitioners working in the field of using renewable energy technologies as an economically
viable pathway to electrification of rural populations throughout the world.
Starting with a small group of 30 colleagues in 1993, this “workshop” has doubled in size every
year. When the NREL staff was planning for this meeting, they were hoping for something
around 400 participants. We are now looking at over 500, and we apologize for the somewhat
cramped accommodations.
This overwhelming response, however, shows that the use of renewable energy to solve some of
the world’s serious problems is coming of age. This meeting, this “conference” (it’s clearly no
longer a workshop) marks a transition.
A transition from the viewpoint that
renewables are, and forever will be a technology of the future;
to the reality that renewables have come of age,
We have technologies available today, at today’s prices, that can make a substantive contribution
to the pressing needs of environmentally sustainable development in the world.
Challenges
This reality is not without its challenges, of course:
Our key challenges now are:
How to grow this emerging technical and financial opportunity into a business reality that
is large enough to matter – an unprecedented scale of implementation that can have
serious energy significance on the world’s energy future.
And how to do this quickly enough that it can begin to contribute to global environmental
stabilization in a timeframe that matters.
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Meeting these challenges and being effective supporters of renewable energy development and
scale up, at a time of fiscal conservatism in the U.S. renewable energy sponsorship; and at a time
of global economic slowdown in many of the countries with the biggest need for renewable
energy deployment today – is itself a challenge.
But the community of dedicated practitioners is clearly growing. All you have to do is look
around the room. A few years ago, everybody coming to the Village Power workshops knew a
large percentage of their participating colleagues. I suspect that even the most experienced of
you don’t know more than 30 percent of the people in this room. This is good news! The
community is growing, each of you with your own support, participating from your own unique
perspective. Strength is in numbers. Strength is in diversity. You now have “critical mass” in
both of these.
This Village Power ’98 Conference, with it’s subtitle: “Scaling up Electricity Access for
Sustainable Rural Development” is clearly a timely event.
Have a great Conference, meet some new friends, and make your own mark on moving
renewable energy technologies ahead in the global marketplace.
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Brief Summary of Opening Comments at Village Power 98
Presented at Village Power 98
Scaling Up Electricity Access for Sustainable Rural Development
Washington, D.C., October 6-8, 1998
Allan R. Hoffman
- It is a pleasure to welcome you on behalf of Secretary Richardson, Assistant Secretary Reicher
and the U.S. Department of Energy
- It is good to see so many people in the audience - more than 500, compared to the 33 who
attended the first Village Power conference in1 993
- The Carter Administration took the first serious look at Federal policy for renewables in 1978 by
carrying out the 30-agency Domestic Policy Review of Solar Energy
- The past two decades have seen considerable progress in renewables development, and today
renewables is becoming a big and growing business
- The World Bank, through its Solar Initiative and subsequent actions has a unique opportunity to
advance worldwide use of renewable energy and make a real difference in people s lives
- Energy is key to rural development
- Use of renewables is key to reducing local environmental impacts of energy use in rural areas,
particularly impacts on women and children in developing nations who often carry most of the
burdens associated with gathering fuel and using energy
- Use of renewables is also key to addressing global climate change issues arising from energy use
- While today s energy system is largely dependent on fossil fuels, this situation cannot be
projected into the long-term future
- We are in the early stages of an inevitable transition (50-100 years) to a new world energy
system largely dependent on renewables
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