Proceed!ngs of The World Conference on Phys!cs Educat!on 2012 W C P E 2012 Ed!tor Mehmet Fat!h Taşar PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORLD CONFERENCE ON PHYSICS EDUCATION 2012 Editor Mehmet Fatih TAŞAR Gazi Üniversitesi Editor Mehmet Fatih TAŞAR Proceedings of The World Conference on Physics Education 2012 ISBN 978-605-364-658-7 © 2014, Pegem Akademi Authors maintain the copyright for their own articles published in this book. Disclaimer Notice: Authors are responsible for the content of each article. Neither the editor, nor the sponsoring/endorsing institutions assume any responsibility for the use of the methods, content or results presented in the articles contained in this book. 1st Edition: February, 2014 Ankara, Turkey Publication-Project Manager: Ayşegül Eroğlu Typeset-Graphic Design: Cemal İnceoğlu Cover Desing: Gürsel Avcı Karanfil 2 Sokak No: 45 Kızılay / ANKARA Yayınevi 0312 430 67 50 - 430 67 51 Yayınevi Belgeç: 0312 435 44 60 Dağıtım: 0312 434 54 24 - 434 54 08 Dağıtım Belgeç: 0312 431 37 38 Hazırlık Kursları: 0312 419 05 60 E-ileti: [email protected] Dedicated to Elena Sassi WCPE 2012 IS SPONSORED BY THE FOLLOWING INSTITUTIONS IUPAP, ICPE, EPS, GIREP, MPTL AND ENDORSED BY THE FOLLOWING AAPT, AsPEN, LAPEN COMMITTEES The Local Organizing Committee Chair, M. Fatih Taşar, Gazi Üniversitesi Metin Orbay, Amasya Üniversitesi Esra Akgül, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Şebnem Kandil İngec, Gazi Üniversitesi WCPE 2012 Scientific Advisory Committee Leoš Dvořák, Charles University, Czech Republic Ton Ellermeijer, CMA, The Netherlands Francisco Esquembre, Universidad De Murcia, Spain Zulma Gangoso, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina Claudia Haagen-Schuetzenhoefer, Universität Wien, Austria Aziz Fatima Hasnain, Centre for Physics Education, Pakistan Jafaar Jantan, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia Pratibha Jolly, University of Delhi, India Bob Lambourne, Open University, UK Ian Lawrence, Institute of Physics, UK Leopold Mathelitsch, Universität Graz, Austria Alex Mazzolini, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia Marisa Michelini, Università di Udine, Italy César Mora, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico Feral Ogan Bekiroğlu, Marmara Üniversitesi, Turkey Wim Peeters, GIREP, Belgium Gordon P. Ramsey, Loyola University Chicago, US Manjula Devi Sharma, The University of Sydney, Australia David Sokoloff, University of Oregon, US M. Fatih Taşar, Gazi Üniversitesi, Turkey Dean Zollman, Kansas State University, US FOREWORD vii FOREWORD Physics Education Research (PER) represents the most voluminous, the oldest, and the most rigorous tradition in whole science education research. On the other hand, with its 1365 research article pages, this is the most voluminous book reporting research studies of PER. Thanks to hundreds of its contributors, this book represents the state-of-the-art of PER as of 2012. This book was produced as a result of first World Conference on Physics Education (WCPE) that was held in Istanbul, Turkey during July 1-6, 2012. Teachers, educators, and researchers, from all continents and 55 countries have attended the WCPE 2012. During the 6 days of the conference there were 249 oral presentations, 27 workshops, 12 symposia, and around 100 poster presentations together with 5 keynote addresses. On behalf of all participants I wish to thank the sponsors: IUPAP, ICPE, EPS, TÜBİTAK, GIREP, MPTL, Rentech, Vernier, APS, IOP for their support. We are also grateful to AAPT, AsPEN, and LaPEN for their endorsements of the conference. Like all other PER enthusiasts, I am also looking forward to the second WCPE which is decided to take place in São Paulo, Brazil in 2016 and wish that such a proceedings book tradition continues. Mehmet Fatih Taşar The Main Organizer of WCPE 2012 WCPE 2012, Istanbul, Turkey viii PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Belgium Bosnia & Herzegovina Brazil Canada China Colombia Croatia Czech Republic Denmark Ecuador Finland Canada France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary India Indonesia Iran Ireland United States Israel Italy Japan Latvia Malaysia Mexico Malta Mauritius Mexico Colombia Mozambique Netherlands New Zealand Ecuador Norway Philippines Brazil Poland Portugal Russian Federation Saudi Arabia Singapore Slovakia Uruguay Slovenia South Africa Argentina South Korea Spain Sweden Switzerland Taiwan Thailand Turkey UK US Uruguay Proceedings of The World Conference on Physics Education 2012 ix PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES Sweden Finland Norway Latvia Denmark United Kingdom Ireland Belgium Poland Germany Netherlands Czech Republic Slovakia Austria Switzerland Hungary France Slovenia Croatia Bosnia & Herzegovina Italy Spain Portugal Turkey Greece Malta WCPE 2012, Istanbul, Turkey