PROCEEDINGS OF THE HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 39th ANNUAL MEETING — 1995 144] AUTHOR INDEX Abbott, D. W. 98* Bills, R. K. 645 Chignell, M. H. ** Dryer, D. 967* Aberasturi, S. 243 Bishu, R. R. 586, 694, 1294 Chin, A. 694 Dubrovsky, V. J. 834 Acquaro, P. L. 94 Blackman, H. S. 448*, 1006, 1011 Choudhury, D. 944* Duchon, J.C. 794 Adams, E. 311 Blackmon, R. B. 1355 Christie, M. 967* Dumas, J. S. 228 Adams, R. E. P. ** Blaylock, C. J. 1185 Christodoulou, M. J. 268 Duncan, J. R. 516* Adkins, R. 1224 Blickensderfer, E. 939*, 946* Christoffersen, K. 496 Dunlap, W. P. 809 Aghazadeh, F. 943*, 958* Bliss, J. P. 936*, 1268, 1395 Chu, R. 369 Dwyer, D. J. 1316 Alexander, D. C. 1025 Blowers, P. A. 964* Chung, M. K. 704 Alicandri, E. 935*, 1077 Bécker, M. 198 Cisneros, J. 104 Allender, L. E. 1219, 1224 Boehm-Davis, D. A. 248, ** Clancy, E. A. 956* Eastwood, M. D. 1122 Alves-Foss, J. D. 934* Boelter, S.C. 427* Clapper, D. L. 834 Eberts, R. E. 213*, ** Amundson, D. E. ** Bogner, M.S. ** Clark, L. 1062* Edlund, C. 501 Andersson, G. B. J. 954* Bohan, J. A. 248 Cohen, H. H. 1015, 1048 Eggemeier, F. T. 139, ** Andre, A. D. 1370, 1435 Booth, L. E. 933* Cohen, M. S. ** Ehret, B. D. 1077 Andre, T. S. 40 Boucher, J. M. 109 Cohen, W. J. 412 Ehrlich, J. 946* Angiolillo, J. S. 194, ** Boucsein, W. 785 Coleman, D. S. 937* Eisenhut, S. M. 16 Anshel, J. R. 1065* Bowers, C. A. 917, 946*, 1273, Conant, R. C. 962* Eisler, L. R. 933* Aretz, A. J. 94 1350 Connelly, E. M. 1165 Elias, B. 1415 Arsenault, J. S. 1132 Boyer, B. S. 6 Connolly-Gomez, C. 1335, 1340 Elkins, E. 177 Ashby, M. R. 538*, 1170 Bradley, O. 759* Coon, V. E. 1137 Ellingstad, V.S. 1122 Au, I. 1180 Brander, G. N. 474* Cope, M. E. 263 Ellis, R. D. 1289 Augaitis, S. R. 326, 331 Braun, C. C. 346, 934*, 960*, 984 Cornelius, K. M. 956* Ellis, S. R. 1400 Augustiniak, M. J. 459 Braun, H. A. 780 Cotton, B. 941* Endsley, M. R. 55, 450* Ayyagari, V. 942* Brewster, B. M. 351, 1057 Crandall, H. E. 1132 Englund, C. E. 951* Brickman, B. J. 119 Crosby, M. E. 238 Entin, E. B. 950* Brickner, M.S. ** Cummings, J. B. 931* Ercolano, K. A. 1430 Baba, M. 538* Brigham, F. ** Czaja, S.J. 129 Esses, G. A. 947* Backemeyer, L. A. 45 Bringelson, L. S. 728 Everhart, N. C. 1194 Backs, R. W. 953* Brock, D. 253 Badler, N. I. 516* Brogmus, G. E. 591 D’ Angelo, W. R. 104, 119 Baker, A. 610 Brown, M. L. 379*, ** Dahl, S.G. 1224 Fain, W. B. 1082, 1137 Baldwin, C. L. 167 Brown, O., Jr. 771, 839 Dale, A. M. 964* Familant, M. E. 208 Balwinski, S. M. 935* Brown, S. 955* Damann, E. A. 625 Fancher, P. S. 1092 Banta, H. G. 937* Brown, W. S. 935*, 1160 Daurity, J. G. 979 Farrell, J. L. 1204 Barlow, A. S. E. 967:* Brown-VanHoozer, S. A. 481 Davis, J. R. 610, 957* Fathallah, F. A. 959* Barlow, C. B. 356 Broyles, J. W. 967* Davison, S. A. 948* Fatkin, L. T. 868 Barton, A. H. 931* Buberel, J. 1180 Dawson, J. A. 1185 Federico, P.-A. 878 Batra, S. 1294 Bucciaglia, J.D. 1142 Day, M.C. 854 Feith, G. A. ** Battiste, V. 1175 Buchholz, B. 558, 958* Deaton, J. E. 1020 Feng, T. 1219 Bayerl, J. P. 182 Burkhart, B. J. 944* Dede, C. 486 Ferdman, B. M. ** Beaton, R. J. 16 Burnsides, D. B. 961* Deivanayagam, S. 379* Ferrante, R. 440 Beattie, A. C. 750 Bushey, R. R. 963* Dember, W. N. 1360, 1375 Fischer, S. C. 939*, 964* Beaudet, D. B. 148 Byers, J. C. 1006 Denning, R. 1066*, 1326 Fleger, S. A. 1043 Becker, A. B. 965* Dennison, T. W. 1228 Fleischman, R. N. 1068 Bedny, G. Z. 1152 Deppa, S. W. 1038 Fleming, T. F. 45 Beers, T. M. 1137 Cabrera, E. F. 153 Detweiler, M. C. 208, 1390 Fogas, B. S. 243 Begault, D. R. 114 Caird, J. K. 941*, 974, 1405 Dibble, E. 940* Fogleman, M. 379* Belger, A. 864 Caldwell, B. S. 775*, 829, 1194 Diesel, D. A. 961* Folds, D. J. 1137, 1155 Bell, H. H. 1311 Callaghan, E. A. 780 Dietrich, D. A. 143 Forsythe, C. 538*, 1170 Benedetto, J. M. 968* Cameron, J. A. 399 Dievendorf, L., Jr. 253 Fowlkes, J. E. 1316 Benel, R. A. 98* Campbell, M. 6 Dime, M. 955* Fox, J. E. 935* Bennett, C. D. 943* Campbell, P. D. 953* Dingus, T. A. 445*, 1068, 1127 Fox, S. L. 139 Benoit, M. 192* Canaday, A. 942* Dolan, N. J. ** Foyle, D.C. ** Benoit, S. L. 948*, 1380 Cann, M. T. 336 Dolan, W. R., Jr. 331 Francik, E. 192* Berch, D. B. 1360 Cannon-Bowers, J. A. 939* Doniz, K. 738 Frantz, J. P. 1064* Berg-Rice, V. J. 640 Carrier, R. 516* Donohue, B. J. 1294 Freeman, F. G. 947*, 1365 Beringer, D. B. 11 Carter, A. W. 979 Dowell, W. R. 409 Freeman, J. E. 30 Berman, A. H. 45 Casali, J. G. 994, 1062* Downs, M. 1175 Freivalds, A. 553, 1142 Besco, R. O. 20 Cashion, P. A. 1370 Doyle, D. J. 738, 1330 Fronzcak, F. J. 548 Bhagwat, S. 1299 Chaffin, D. B. 655, 678*, 709 Dray, S. M. 844 Frostenson, C. K. 1033 Biers, D. W. 139, 1233 Chen, J.-G. 684 Drury, C. G. 1284, ** Fujawa, G. E. 109 “Abstract only **Manuscript not submitted for publication 1442 PROCEEDINGS OF THE HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 39th ANNUAL MEETING — 1995 Furness, T. A. III 1410 Harkness, H. 738 James, W. S. 1077 Lanham, D. S. 809 Fusco, M. E. 944* Harper, B. D. 723 Jamieson, B. A. 153 Laroche, C. 989 Harrell, W. A. 932*, 933* Jamieson, G. A. 962* Larson, B. M. 897 Harris, H. C., Jr. 11 Jarvenpaa, E. 799, 824 Latour, J.C. 989 Gaba, D. M. 474* Harris, W. C. 922, 968* Jentsch, F. G. 946*, 1273, 1350 Lau, P. 361 Gabrielsson, A. 849 Harrison, A. E. 610 Johnson, P. W. 361 Laughery, K. R., Sr. 435, 969, Gaddie, P. 699 Hartsock, D.C. 1 Johnson, R. F. 963* 1064*, +r Galinsky, T. L. 965* Headley, D. B. 1219 Johnson, S. L. 955* Laux, L. F. ** Gallagher, S. 956* Hedge, A. 427*, 630, 957* Johnsgard, T. J. 287 Lavender, S. A. 954* Gallimore, J. J. 89 Heers, S. T. 951* Johnson, W. B. 60*, 61 Laxar, K. V. 948*, 1380 Garberg, R. B. 187, 203 Helander, M. G. 563 Johnson, W. R. 946* Layton, C. F. 268 Gardner-Bonneau, D. J. 404* Henderson, B. D. 937* Jones, J. A. 71 Layton, M. ** Garland, D. J. 98* Hendrick, H. W. 445*, 761 Jones, M. B. 892 Leamon, T. B. 678* Garrison, L. J. 684 Henning, R. A. 779*, 780 Jones, S. 965* Lee, G.C. 292 Gawron, V. J. 1228 Herbert, L. B. 804 Jones, S. R. 278 Lee, J.D. 1263 Geisen, G. R. 750 Hess, S. M. 1390 Josephson, K. 1430 Lee, K. S. 714 Gentner, F. C. 1204 Hettinger, L. J. 119 Jung, E. S. 689 Lee, S. 742 George, K. B. 1072 Hill, S.G. 491 Lees, D. Y. 278 Gerace, J. M. 89 Hitt, J. M. 947* Leonard, S. D. 931* Gerth, R. J. 1028 Hix, D. 253 Kalsher, M. J. 351, 814 Lessman, A. M. 941* Giguiere, W. 932* Hoffman, H. G. 1410 Kamal, A. H. 959* Lew, G. S. 218* Gilbert, D. K. 940* Hoffmeister, D. H. 1132 Kancler, D. E. 1209 Lewis, C. M. 501 Gillan, D. J. 243 Hoffmeister, J. W. 961* Kanis, H. 374 Li, Y. C. 954* Gilmore, B. J. 1142 Holbein, M. A. 655 Kanki, B. G. 950*, 952* Liao, M.-J. 961* Gilson, R. D. 1020 Holland, D. A. 30 Kantowitz, B. H. 1107 Lickteig, C. W. 1238 Givens, B. ** Hollands, J.G. 1425 Kapp, E. A. 945* Liggett, K. K. 1 Glover, B. L. 1057 Holmes, B. 946* Karsh, B.-T. 412 Lin, L. 738 Goernert, P. N. 922, 968* Holt, R. S. 346 Karwowski, W. 445*, 538*, 699 Lin, J. J. 148 Goett], B. P. 1335, 1340, 1345 Honan, M. 366 Kass, S. J. 882 Linthcum, S. 516* Gokhale, N. 481 Hontz, E. B. 938* Kee, D. 704 Liu, S.. 273 Goldberg, J. H. 379*, 1289 Hood, T. L. ** Kelaher, D. P. 610, 650 Lockett, J. 1219 Goodman, M. J. ** Hopkin, V. D. 98* Kelley, T. D. 1219, 1224 Loeb, B. S. 1122 Goonetilleke, R. S. 336, 1284 Hornick, R. J. 445* Kennedy, P. J. 942* Loftin, R. B. 486 Gopinath, M. 60* Horst, D. P. 1064* Kennedy, R. S. 809, 891*, 892, Logan, R. J. 326, 331 Gordon, S. E. 525 Houston, V. L. 750 897, 902, 907 Loring, B. A. 158 Gramopadhe, A. K. 1283*, 1299, Howe, J. E. 430 Keran, C. M. 794 Lovvoll, D. R. 435, 969 1355 Hsu, S. H. 282 Kiefer, R. J. 1087, 1097 Lowe, B. D. 1142 Granata, K. P. 600 Huang, C. C. 282 Kiger, S. M. 1112, 1117 Lozano, M. L. 912 Granda, R. E. 379* Huchingson, R. D. 1147 Kim, C. B. 297 Lu, H. 943* Grant, B. S. 1087 Hudson, R. 481 Kim, D. S. 1028 Lynk, L. 941* Green, P. A. 1072 Hulse, M. C. 1068 Kim, J.-Y. 754 Greenberg, N. 961* Hume, S. 501 Kim, S. H. 704 Greene, F. A. 1147 Humphrey, D. G. 134 Kimbler, D. 1299 Mackenzie, C. F. 469, 723 Greenstein, J. S. 389 Hunter, C. N. 496 Kimbler, E. 1299 MacMillan, J. 950* Griffith, L. J. 931* Hutchins, S. G. 454, 1243 Klatsky, G. J. ** Maddox, M. E. 66 Grubb, P. L. 1360 Klein, D. 341 Magee, L. E. 1425 Guccione, J. 965* Klein, G. A. 450*, 530, 1248*, Magurno, A. B. 969, 979 Guckenberger, D. 938*, 1063* Imada, A. S. 759*, ** 1249 Malloy, K. ** Guerlain, S. 233 Immonen, S. 824 Klein, K. W. 873 Malmstrom, F. V. 947* Guerrier, J. H. 172 Inderrieden, M. T. 273 Kloeppel, E. 935* Manivannan, P. 172 Guttman, J. I. 780 Inzana, C. M. 882 Koehler, E. J. 794 Manser, M. P. 949* lozzo, N. 1180 Kolasinski, E. M. 946* Marcotte, A. J. 660 Irwin, C. M. 952* Koppa, R. J. 1147 Marklin, R. W. 595 Haas, E. C. 999, ** Isla, R. 738 Kramer, A. F. 134, 1385 Marras, W. S. 600, 620, 754, Haas, M. W. 119 Ivaturi, S. 1355 Kraus, D.C. 1355 959* Hale, J. P. II 379* Kreifeldt, J.G. 301 Marshall, R. 248 Hallbeck, M: S. 543, 586, 694 Kroemer, K. H. E. 625 Martin-Emerson, R. 1385 Hallbert, B. P. 1214 Jackson, J. T. 268 Kwahk, J. 306 Marvin, S. 660 Hammond, A. J. 321, 356 Jagacinski, R. J. 961* Mason, C. P. 750 Hamrick, C. A. 956* Jahns, D. W. 445* Mastrangelo, F. 942* Han, S. H. 306, 689 James, K. R. 1405 LaClair, M. 1420 May, P. A. 6, 50 Hancock, P. A. 949* James, C. 1077 Lagemann, T. 660 Mayer, D. L. 1122 Hanes, L. T. 1062* James, C. A. 412, 945* Lahlou, S. 538* McAbee, P. E. 1395 Haney, L.N. 1011 James, K. R. 941* Lampton, D. R. 1268 McAlindon, P. J. 292, 635 Hansen, D. 942* James, T. M. 573 Land, B. 630 McCallum, M. C. 1263 “Abstract onlv **Manuscript not submitted for publication PROCEEDINGS OF THE HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 39th ANNUAL MEETING — 1995 1443 McCarthy, J. E. 937*, 938* Nagamachi, M. 766 Pouraghabagher, A. R. 40 Sampaio, C. E. 45 McCracken, J. R. 89 Nah, K. 301 Predmore, S.C. ** Sanders, E. B.-N. 311, 379* McCrobie, D. E. 427*, 630 Nair, C. M. 926 Prinzel, L. J. III 947*, 1365 Sanderson, P. M. 459, 464, 511, McDonald, D. P. 1020, 1268 Nair, S. 129 Promisel, D. 1219 1180 McGehee, D. V. 1068 Natarajan, R. N. 954* Prothero, J. D. 1410 Sanquist, T. F. 1263 McKinley, R. L. 104, 119 Navarro, G. 946*, 960*, 1273 Proulx, G. 989 Sarno, K. 1420 McMulkin, M. L. 615 Nayar, N. 516* Psotka, J. 948* Sarter, N. B. 79 McQuiston, B. K. 750 Neal, D. ** Purswell, J. L. 1064* Sauter, S. L. 965* McVey, K. E. 669 Nebeker, D. M. 859 Putney, R. T. 937*, 949* Savage, P. A. 182 McWilliams, M. R. 1043 Nelson, C. A. 516* Sayer, J. R. 1092 Mead, S. E. 153 Nelson, W. T. 119 Sayer, T. M. B. ** Meech, J. F. 278 Ng, L. 957* Quill, L. L. 1209 Scerbo, M. W. 35, 947*, 1365 Mefford, M. L. 1092 Nikerk, G. 578 Quinn, J. E. 177 Schieber, F. 167 Meghashyam, G. 75 Nindl, B. C. 640, 645 Schinkel, A. ** Meijman, T. F. 789 Nordbotten, J. C. 238 Schleifer, L. 965* Meister, D. 478, 1152 Norman, K. L. 723 Racicot, B. M. 814 Schmidt, J. N. 999 Mello, R. P. 640 Nousiainen, M. 799 Radwin, R. G. 548, 678* Schmidt-Nielsen, A. 248 Menges, B. M. 1400 Novak, S. D. 1011 Rahimi, M. 223 Schneider, D. R. 134 Menon, K. 926 Nussbaum, M. A. 709, 954* Rao, P. 1299 Scholz, J. 412 Merwin, D. H. 6 Nygren, T. E. 1102 Reddell, C. R. 361 Schumacher, R. M. 218* Metalis, S. A. 952* Redfern, M. S. 956* Scott-Nash, S. 1214 Meyers, S. 163 Reece, W. J. 491 Scroggins, R. 937* Mikulka, P. J. 1365 O’Brien, L. H. 966* Reeves, L. 967* Sebok, A. L. 1214 Milgram, P. 1330 O'Hara, J. M. 1160, 1199 Reising, D. V. C. 459, 464 Sebrechts, M. M. 948* Militello, L. G. 733 O'Neill, M. J. 427*, 819 Reising, J. M. 1 Segal, L. D. 1435 Millen, D. R. 182 Oh, S. 548 Rempel, D. M. 366 Seidler, K. S. 258 Miller, D. 94 Ohnemus, K. R. 942* Resnick, M. L. 673, 679 Selcon, S. J. 450* Miller, D. L. 1190 Olson, W. A. 394 Reynolds, J. L. 1283* Sellin-Wolters, S. 1350 Miller, J. 954* Orasanu, J. 474*, 1258 Rhoades, T. P. 1064* Sepulveda, J. 938* Miller, L. 939* Orr, G. B. 678* Rhodenizer, L. 917 Serfaty, D. 950* Miller, R. H. 326 Owens, M. ** Ricci, K. E. 939* Serfoss, G. L. 394 Miller, S. L. 1430 Rice, D. J. 868 Serina, E. 366 Miller, T. M. 940* Rice, V. J. 645 Shacklett, S. F. 94 Mirabella, A. 1321 Pacheco, S. 937* Richards, R. E. 1011 Shaner, T. L. 124 Mirka, G. A. 610, 650, 957* Page, C. P. 223 Richards, S. 243 Shapiro, R. G. 379*, ** Mitchell, D. 1219 Page, G. B. 709 Richer, C. 1219 Sharit, J. 129, 1284 Mitta, D. A. 1137, 1155 Page, S. R. 287 Riley, M. W. 582, 959* Sharp, M. A. 640, 645 Modrick, J. A. 163 Palmer, S. 192* Ringseis, E. L. 974 Shealy, J. E. 384 Modrow, H. E. 868 Papke, R. 163 Ritter, A. D. 897, 902, 907 Shen, W. 955* Molinari, D. 941* Paradkar, P. V. 829, 1194 Robbins, M. C. 1004 Shepherd, W. T. 61 Monroe, J. F. 595 Park, H. S. 714 Robertson, D. J. ** Sheridan, T. B. 448* Moore, B. J. 582 Park, M.-Y. 1053 Robertson, M. M. 417 Sherman, B. R. 605 Moray, N. 962* Park, S. 689 Robinson, M. A. 417, 427* Shively, R. J. 506 Morelli, D. L. 361 Park, S. J. 297 Rockwell, T. H. 1112, 1117 Silver, N. C. 346, 440, 635, 891*, Morgan, B. B., Jr. 775*, 946* Parker, D. E. 1410 Rodriguez, S. A. 427*, 630 897, 907, 984, 1057 Morimoto, S. 630 Parnianpour, M. 620, 754 Rodriguez, S. L. 952* Sing, H. C. 935* Moroney, B. W. 1375 Parsons, K. C. 955* Rogers, W. A. 940* Singer, M. 3. 1268 Moroney, W. F. 399, 404* Patten, R. L. 934* Romero, H. A. 1011 Smith, L. L. 445* Mortimer, R. G. 25 Paul, R. D. 422, 563, 568, 926 Root, R. W. 218* Smith, M. G. 933* Moschowsky, D. 942* Payne, E. F. 961* Rosen, I. C. ** Smith, M. J. 412 Moses, F. L. 1304*, 1306 Peacock, J. B. 678* Rosiles, S. A. 55 Smith, P. J. 98*, 450*, 1066*, Mosier, D. J. 834 Pearson, R. G. 957* Roth, E. M. 474*, 520, 1253 1326 Mosier, K. L. 474*, 1248* Pekelney, R. S. 369 Rothblum, A. 936* Smith, T. J. 794 Mouloua, M. 1020 Pennella, R. N. 952* Rousseau, G. K. 153 Smither, J. A.-A. 945*, 946*, Mount, F. E. 664 Perez-Balke, G. 958* Rowe, A. L. 940* 960* Mountjoy, D. N. 961* Perrot, D. R. 103*, 104, 119 Royalty, J. 902 Smolensky, M. W. 404*, 775* Mourra, K. A. 917 Persensky, J. 1160 Ruffner, J. W. 84 Sojourner, R. J. 394 Mozrall, J. R. 384 Peters, R. D. 935* Runde, D. 198 Solipuram, S. R. 582 Miihlbach, L. 198 Pettitt, M. A. 728 Ryan, A. M. 953* Solz, T. J. 1 Muldoon, R. C. 84 Pharmer, J. 864 Somberg, B. L. 854 Mullins, L. L. 868 Philips, B. H. 1077 Sachau, D. 922 Sommerich, C. M. 620 Mullins, R. T. 1190 Piccione, F. 960* Saifer, A. G. 859 Sorce, J. F. 228 Mumaw, R. J. 519*, 520, 1253 Pierce, B. J. 1425 Salas, E. 1304*, 1350 Spunar, M. E. 351, 814 Muralidhar, A. 586 Pisanich, G. M. 951* Salvi, L. 1219 Stanney, K. M. 938*, 967*, 1063* Murray, L. A. 1057 Plott, B. M. 1214 Salzman, M. C. 486 Stecyk, P. 953* “Abstract only **Manuscript not submitted for publication 1444 PROCEEDINGS OF THE HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 39th ANNUAL MEETING — 1995 Steenbekkers, L. P. A. 316 Tillotson, C. A. 1057 Walker, B. J. 962* Wilson, K. S. 273 Stein, E. S. 404* Tobias, J. 192* Wallace, D. F. 1185 Wilson, R. D. 287 Steuck, K. 940* Tornow, C. 1117 Ward, A. K. 958* Wise, J. A. 98* Stocks, D. R. 1137 Trafton, J.G. 253 Warm, J. S. 1360, 1375 Wisowaty, J. J. 1067* Stokes, A. F. 864, 887 Trench, B. 922 Washburn, D. A. 937*, 949* Witherow, K. A. ** Stone, N. J. 404*, 775* Tsang, P.S. 124 Weaver, J. L. 917 Wogalter, M. S. 143, 351, 430, Stout, R. J. 1278 Tubilleja, K. 440 Wehmeyer, K. 326 435, 969, 979, **, 1057 Stretton, M. L. 938* Tullos, R. E. 84 Weiner, E. L. 448* Woldstad, J. C. 605 Strybel, T. Z. 103*, 109 Turnage, J. J. 775*, 809 Weinger, M. B. ** Wolf, L. 964* Stubler, W. F. 1160, 1199 Turner, J. L. 268 Weinstein, E. B. 1122 Wolf, S. 1249 Sucec, A. 951* Wellman, H. 558 Wolfman, G. J. 1190 Sugg, M. J. ** Wells, M. J. 1410 Wong, C. 912 Suh, H.-S. 1194 Uliano, K. C. 263 Westra, D. P. 454, 1243 Woods, D. D. 79, 450* Swain, R. A. 953* Whang, M. C. 297 Wourms, D. F. 1204 Swanson, N. G. 965* Wharton, C. ** Wright, W. H. 994 Sweeney, M. M. 1122 Van Cott, H. P. 448* Wharton, C. S. 213*, ** Swindell, J. A. 979 van Hees, L. W. 374 White, R. M. ** VanderWielen, J. J. 859 Whitestone, J. J. 750 Xiao, Y. 469, 1330 Vanka, S. 341 Whitmore, M. 664 Tait, T. 1273 Veinott, E. S. 950* Wickens, C. D. 6, 50, 258, 448*, Tal, R. 366 Venturino, M. 1430 1420 You, H. 1142 Tanaka, T. 766 Vertiz, A.M. 955* Widjaja, T. K. 71 Young, S. L. 969 Taveira, A. D. 412, 945* Vicente, K. J. 496, 519*, 534, 738 Wiebe, E. N. 538* Yua, M. H. 553 Temple, T. L. 1057 Vigilante, W. J., Jr. 979 Wieringa, D. R. 218* Tepas, D. I. 804 Virzi, R. A. 228 Wierwille, W. W. 1087 Thomas, G. W. 934* Volanth, A. J. 1190 Wiklund, M. E. 331 Zehel, D. J. 945* Thomas, M. L. 935* Volp, C. S. 109 Wilkie, F. L. 172 Zellers, K. K. 543 Thomas, P. J. 278 Vredenburgh, A. G. 1015, 1048, Williams, D. 951* Zeno, R. J. 287 Thorne, D. R. 935* * Williams, G. ** Zuberec, S. ** Thum, M. 785 Williges, R.C. 148 Zwahlen, H. T. 1028 Tidwell, P. D. 936* Willis, R. P. 882 Tijerina, L. **, 1112, 1117 Wachtel, J. A. 1160 Wilson, G. F. 779*, 953* Tillman, B. W. 966* Waldron, R. L. 1062* Wilson, J. L.S. ** *Abstract only **Manuscript not submitted for publication PROCEEDINGS of the HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 39th ANNUAL MEETING—1995 1445 KEY WORD SUBJECT INDEX in control room design: Is one graphical interface worth 1000 indicators? Changing technology 95 39 1435 Knowledge of compatibility rules among children 2 to 13 years of age 95 39 0316 A ten-year overview of USAF F-16 mishap attributes in the USAF from 1980 to 1989 95 39 0030 of USAF F-16 mishap attributes in the USAF from 1980 to 1989 A ten-year overview 95 39 0030 Simulation of the 1991 revised NIOSH manual lifting equation 95 39 0699 involving procedures at Los Alamos National Laboratory in 1994 Lessons learned from occurrences 95 39 1033 The comprehensibility and legibility of 20 pharmaceutical warning pictograms 95 39 0974 Thematic material effects using the Wason 2-4-6 task 95 39 0962* Knowledge of compatibility rules among children 2 to 13 years of age 95 39 0316 development Emergency (911) dispatcher decision making: Ecological display 95 39 0506 of computer metaphors Cognitive ability and computing experience influence interpretation 95 39 0243 Multicultural human factors concerns aboard the tnternational space station Alpha 95 39 0912 solutions for program office AC-130U gunship aft-scanner ergonomic review: Design 95 39 1204 simulations in teaching human factors: Bridging the gap between the academic world and the world of work Using 95 39 0399 The effects of positive acceleration on cognitive performance: BigG little know 95 39 0035 experience with prototype system Consumer acceptance of adaptive cruise control following 95 39 1092 impaired vision Accessible remote controls for older adults with mildly 95 39 0148 interface by touch: Haptic discrimination of icons Access to computer systems with graphical user 95 39 0742 Discriminating between fatigue-related and nonfatigue-related truck accidents The need for sleep: 95 39 1122 The role of adult and lifeguard supervision Risky activities and accidents involving children in public swimming pools: 95 39 0933* General aviation airplane accidents involving spatial disorientation 95 39 0025 The effects of team member distribution and accountability on a brainstorming task 95 39 0882 Verification, validation, and accreditation of a soldier-system modeling tool 95 39 1219 Implications for study design Factors influencing the resubstitution accuracy in multivariate classification analysis: 95 39 0956* Predicting performance variability: The accuracy of vigor and fatigue self-reports 95 39 0922 Ergonomics applied to product and process design achieves immediate, measurable cost savings 95 39 0660 An evaluation of age differences in the acquisition and utilization of mental models 95 39 0940°* and workload on salience and hemispace bias in a screen-based target acquisition task Differential effects of ‘‘noise’’ stress 95 39 0864 Quantifying the performance limitations of older adults in a target acquisition task 95 39 0961* Extending the user action notation for research in individual differences 95 39 0253 Effects of industrial noise on muscle activation and spinal loading 95 39 0957°* Selective activation of the external obliques during twisting 95 39 0610 swimming pools: The role of adult and lifeguard supervision Risky activities and accidents involving children in public 95 39 0933* State of the art and current activities in human modeling technology 95 39 0516* Temporal characteristics of work activity 95 39 1152 biomechanical trunk models Predicted muscular activity for varying inputs to optimization-based 95 39 0615 Individual differences in the activity of dominant forearm muscles during VDT work 95 39 0926 Activity of index finger muscles during typing 95 39 0620 A bio-cybernetic system for adaptive automation 95 39 1365 prototype system Consumer acceptance of adaptive cruise control following experience with 95 39 1092 Effects of office layout and sit-stand adjustable furniture: A field study 95 39 0422 officers The effectiveness of virtual reality for administering spatial navigation training to police 95 39 0936" accidents involving children in public swimming pools: The role of adult and lifeguard supervision Risky activities and 95 39 0933* Visual search and the older adult: Not ail is lost 95 39 0134 consumer product risk Adult notions of adults’ and children’s perceptions of 95 39 0321 Computer displays and older adults 95 39 0960* on the readability of computer displays by older and younger adults The effects of print type 95 39 0960* Training new technology: Automatic teller machines and older adults 95 39 0153 Adult notions of adults’ and children’s perceptions of consumer product 95 39 0321 Quantifying the performance limitations of older adults in a target acquisition task 95 39 0961* Accessible remote controls for older adults with mildly impaired vision 95 39 0148 Application of advanced technology to training for visual inspection 95 39 1299 Effects of rotation and location on advanced traveler information system displays 95 39 1077 traffic control Issues of dependence and reliance on technological advancement: Examples from American football and air 95 39 1194 development of a software environment to support student advising § The advising workbench: Participation-based 95 39 1180 a software environment to support student advising The advising workbench: Participation-based development of 95 39 1180 identification system (BCIS) Auditory icons as warning and advisory signals in the U.S. Army battlefield combat 95 39 0999 Development of a navigation/situation display to improve aerial fire fighting safety and efficiency 95 39 1175 and trait anxiety Sources of stress-resistant performance in aeronautical decision making: The role of knowledge 95 39 0887 The nature of procedural interrupts in ground operations in aerospace systems 95 39 0952* Factors affecting remote positioning performance 95 39 0282 NOTE: In the numerical codes that appear in the right margin, 95 refers to the year of publication, 39 indicates the 39th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, and the four-digit number is the page number in the Proceedings on which the paper begins. Papers beginning on page 723 or above can be found in Volume 2 of the two-volume set. * Abstract only. A cumulative index to Proceedings from 1972 to 1987 is available from the Human Factors and Ergo- nomics Society. Contact the Society at 310/394-1811 for information. 1446 PROCEEDINGS of the HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 39th ANNUAL MEETING—1995 program office AC-130U gunship aft-scanner ergonomic review: Design solutions for 95 39 1204 Knowledge of compatibility rules among children 2 to 13 years of age 95 39 0316 performance of tasks on driving simulator The relationship of age and cognitive characteristics of drivers to 95 39 0172 driving Dual-task assessment of age differences in mental workload with implications for 95 39 0167 task Age differences in perception of workload for a computer 95 39 0129 mental models An evaluation of age differences in the acquisition and utilization of 95 39 0940* efficiency Age, expertise, structural similarity, and time-sharing 95 39 0124 impact on human-machine coordination ‘From tool to agent’: The evolution of (cockpit) automation and its 95 39 0079 Human factors in agile manufacturing 95 39 0538* Effects of aging on working memory and workload 95 39 0139 Telephone-based information systems and the aging person: A human factors approach 95 39 0943* Hazards may result from failures of conceptual agreement 95 39 0931* mounting step dimensions and handhold/handrail dimensions on agricultural, and industrial vehicles An evaluation of 95 39 1028 Aurally aided detection and identification of visual targets 95 39 0104 The conspicuity of flashing lights as marine aids to navigation 95 39 1380 Dynamic auditory preview for visually guided target aiming 95 39 1415 Human factors issues in night airborne mine countermeasures operations 95 39 0084 Team training to improve the effectiveness of teams in the aircraft maintenance environment 95 39 1355 Identifying human factors issues in aircraft maintenance operations 95 39 0950* medicine Applying airline crew resource management in emergency 95 39 0728 on technological advancement: Examples from American football and air traffic control Issues of dependence and reliance 95 39 1194 General aviation airplane accidents involving spatial disorientation 95 39 0025 displays for terrain and weather awareness in the national airspace system Three-dimensional 95 39 0006 Lessons learned from occurrences involving procedures at Los Alamos National Laboratory in 1994 95 39 1033 of primary task criticality Alarm responses in a dual-task paradigm as a function 95 39 1395 Audibility problems with fire alarms in apartment buildings 95 39 0989 hearing protectors improve detectability of vehicle back-up alarms in noise? Do amplitude-sensitive 95 39 0994 The effect of collateral alarms on primary response behavior 95 39 1020 Measuring alcohol impairment at low blood alcohol concentrations 95 39 0932* Measuring alcohol impairment at low blood alcohol concentrations 95 39 0932* Using operator role theory to guide function allocation in system development 95 39 1155 Relative order and space allocation of message components in hazard warning 95 39 0969 Allocation of responsibility for product safety 95 39 0435 task and multifunction display characteristics on pilot viewport allocation strategy The effects of 95 39 0258 human factors concerns aboard the tnternational space station Alpha Multicultural 95 39 0912 between keyboards while performing ‘‘real’’ work: A comparison of ‘alternative’ and standard keyboards User preferences 95 39 0361 The effects of response alternatives on keeping-track performance 95 39 1390 dependence and reliance on technological advancement: Examples from American football and air traffic control Issues of 95 39 1194 Head-up auditory display research at NASA Ames Research Center 95 39 0114 Auditory spatial cueing in visual search tasks: Effects of amplitude, contrast, and duration 95 39 0109 detectability of vehicle back-up alarms in noise? Do amplitude-sensitive hearing protectors improve 95 39 0994 Analysis, redesign, and evaluation of a patient-controlled analgesia machine interface 95 39 0738 Automatic detection, identification, and registration of anatomical landmarks 95 39 0750 in the ergonomic examination of the trauma resuscitation units anesthesia workspace Quantitative measures 95 39 0723 Perception of risk as communicated by ANSI-standardized signal words 95 39 0945* place task A study of the effect of a wrist splint on extrinsic flexor and anterior deltoid electromyography during a pick and 95 39 0958* Living room culture—An anthropological study of television usage behaviors 95 39 0326 scaling ratio method Estimating the anthropometry of international populations using the 95 39 0673 Cognitive effects of chemical protective clothing, exercise, and antihistamine 95 39 0951* aeronautical decision making: The role of representation and trait anxiety Sources of stress-resistant performance in 95 39 0887 Audibility problems with fire alarms in apartment buildings 95 39 0989 NIOSH limit of lifts to Korean young, male population: Psychophysical approach Assessment of validity of applying the revised 95 39 0714 for true organizational effectiveness: A macroergonomic approach Humanizing reengineering 95 39 0761 information systems and the aging person: A human factors approach Telephone-based 95 39 0943* icon scale (IRIS) A new approach to collecting survey data: An item response 95 39 0804 Using the critiquing appreach to cope with brittle expert systems 95 39 0233 comfort: A case study An ergonomic approach to modifying microscope design for increased 95 39 0573 Inter/intra correlations of mental aptitude and computerized visual temporal factors 95 39 0897 EEG changes across single-to dual-task performance of mental arithmetic and tracking Topographic 95 39 0953* Evaluation of digital communications on performance of an armor battalion 95 39 1238 Auditory icons as warning and advisory signals in the U.S. Army battlefield combat identification system (BCIS) 95 39 0999 Identifying pattern recognition skills in army officers 95 39 0939* Occupational diseases in performing artists 95 39 0958* State of the art and current activities in human modeling technology 95 39 0516* A biomechanical assessment of axial twisting exertions 95 39 0600 Hazard associations of warning header components 95 39 0979 prediction models for the L5/S1 compressive forces under varying asymmetric lifting conditions Comparison of the 95 39 0704 equation A biomechanical investigation of the asymmetric multiplier in the revised NIOSH lifting 95 39 0709 The effects of area familiarity and navigation method on ATIS use 95 39 1068 manual folding wheelchair: The quick-connect power drive/steer attachment A human factors approach to powering a 95 39 1062* Capture of attention by visual onsets 95 39 1385 varying symbology intensity The role of visual attention in head-up displays: Design implications for 95 39 0050 PROCEEDINGS of the HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 39th ANNUAL MEETING—1995_ 1447 Harder to do, easier to learn: Manipulations of attention in training 95 39 0937* A ten-year overview of USAF F-16 mishap attributes in the USAF from 1980 to 1989 95 39 0030 buildings Audibility problems with fire alarms in apartment 95 39 0989 The effectiveness of emergency vehicle audio warning systems 95 39 1004 A model for combined audio/video quality 95 39 0941" Electronic ergonomic audit system for maintenance and inspection 95 39 0075 An initial study of the effects of three-dimensional auditory cueing on visual target detection 95 39 0119 Center Head-up auditory display research at NASA Ames Research 95 39 0114 When should auditory guidance systems tell drivers to turn? 95 39 1072 U.S. Army battlefield combat identification system (BCIS) Auditory icons as warning and advisory signals in the 95 39 0999 Vertical auditory localization for spatial orientation 95 39 0055 Dynamic auditory preview for visually guided target aiming 95 39 1415 amplitude, contrast, and duration Auditory spatial cueing in visual search tasks: Effects of 95 39 0109 The benefits of auditory spatial information in visual processing 95 39 0103* Aurally aided detection and identification of visual targets 95 39 0104 Investigating trade-offs between practice and observation in automated instruction 95 39 1340 The role of observational learning in automated instruction of complex tasks 95 39 1335 Automated rate-rest reminder 95 39 0942* Methods for assessing training and qualification needs for automated ships 95 39 1263 Hardware and human factors issues for military automatic brightness controls 95 39 0089 anatomical landmarks Automatic detection, identification, and registration of 95 39 0750 Methods for Defining Command Vocabularies Automatic Speech Recognition Applications: A Study of 95 39 0203 Training new technology: Automatic teller machines and older adults 95 39 0153 A bio-cybernetic system for adaptive automation 95 39 1365 A laboratory glass-cockpit flight simulator for automation and communications research 95 39 0951* coordination “From tool to agent’: The evolution of (cockpit) automation and its impact on human-machine 95 39 0079 “Smart automation enhances safety’: A motion for debate 95 39 0448" identification of head-up versus head-down telltale warnings in automobiles Drivers’ detection and 95 39 1087 Recognition of automotive climate control symbols 95 39 1132 Human factors issues surrounding an automotive vision enhancement system 95 39 1097 disorientation General aviation airplane accidents involving spatial 95 39 0025 decision-making perspective Training for aviation decision making: The naturalistic 95 39 1258 situation indicator Navigation display integration in the general aviation environment: Performance using the horizontal 95 39 0011 Tools for human performance enhancement in aviation maintenance 95 39 0060* responding to safety demands of industry Human factors in aviation maintenance and inspection: Research 95 39 0061 Providing useful human factors guidance to aviation maintenance practitioners 95 39 0066 The electronic Human Factors Guide for Aviation Maintenance 95 39 0071 Three-dimensional displays for terrain and weather awareness in the national airspace system 95 39 0006 A biomechanical assessment of axial twisting exertions 95 39 0600 Foreground/ background manipulations affect presence 95 39 1410 Spinal coupled motions and their association with the risk of low back disorders in industrial tasks 95 39 0959* Investigating factors related to back pain among nurses: Are there individual profiles? 95 39 0946* protocol to assess the neuromuscular control capability of low- back pain patients Development of experimental 95 39 0754 hearing protectors improve detectability of vehicle back-up alarms in noise? Do amplitude-sensitive 95 39 0994 Part-task training of complex tasks: Utility of backward transfer 95 39 1345 Adding and subtracting percentiles—How bad can it be? 95 39 0301 disorders Development and implementation of a computer- based job analysis system to reduce musculoskeletal 95 39 0955* Developing baseline data on heavy vehicle driver visual workload 95 39 1112 Evaluation of digital communications on performance of an armor battalion 95 39 1238 A visual test battery: A tale of two computers 95 39 0907 A temporal factors battery for studying individual differences in perception 95 39 0892 Auditory icons as warning and advisory signals in the U.S. Army battlefield combat identification system (BCIS) 95 39 0999 in the U.S. Army battlefield combat identification system (BCIS) Auditory icons as warning and advisory signals 95 39 0999 Measurement and analysis of pressure distribution on the bed 95 39 0297 Development of a behaviorally based human reliability analysis method 95 39 1006 The effects of shopping cart design and prior behavioral history on children’s standing in cart seats 95 39 0932* infusion pumps A behavioral sequence model analysis of human error with 95 39 0964* The effect of collateral alarms on primary response behavior 95 39 1020 hardware store solvents: The general public does not understand the behavior of flammable vapors Inadequate warnings on 95 39 0934* A meta-analysis of driver eye-scanning behavior while driving 95 39 1127 Living room culture—An anthropological study of television usage behaviors 95 39 0326 decision-making times Crew coordination behaviors as predictors of problem detection and 95 39 1350 compression The effect of a commercially available support belt on torso posture, lift strength, and spinal 95 39 0605 lifting speed and load magnitude on the torsional and lateral bending moments during twisting The effects of 95 39 0954* processing The benefits of auditory spatial information in visual 95 39 0103* motion study The effects of cardboard slipsheets between layers of beverage products on side-load delivery trucks: A trunk 95 39 0954* ‘noise’ stress and workload on salience and hemispace bias in a target acquisition task Differential effects of 95 39 0864 Practical application of a biaxial goniometer to the wrist joint 95 39 0558 Feedback contingencies and bio-cybernetic regulation of operator workload 95 39 0947* A bio-cybernetic system for adaptive automation 95 39 1365 bone-trimming jobs in the red-meat packing industry Quantitative biomechanical analysis of wrist motion in 95 39 0595 A biomechanical assessment of axial twisting exertions 95 39 0600 1448 PROCEEDINGS of the HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 39th ANNUAL MEETING—1995 in the revised NIOSH lifting equation A biomechanical investigation of the asymmetric multiplier 95 39 0709 Predicted muscular activity for varying inputs to optimization-based biomechanical trunk models 95 39 0615 A biomechanical-psychophysical model of the lifting task 95 39 0684 Measuring alcohol impairment at low blood alcoho! concentrations 95 39 0932* Quantitative biomechanical analysis of wrist motion in bone-trimming jobs in the red-meat packing industry 95 39 0595 System safety analysis of the Yucca Mountain tunnel boring machine 95 39 0933* The effects of team member distribution and accountability on a brainstorming task 95 39 0882 Evaluation of two self-managed rest break systems for VDT users 95 39 0780 world of work Using simulations in teaching human factors: Bridging the gap between the academic world and the 95 39 0399 Hardware and human factors issues for military automatic brightness controls 95 39 0089 Using the critiquing approach to cope with brittle expert systems 95 39 0233 Concepts for designing a building 95 39 0427* problem Building performance measures: A human factors 95 39 1165 Audibility problems with fire alarms in apartment buildings 95 39 0989 Control room human factors assessment at a Bulgarian nuclear power plant 95 39 1043 Human-centered reengineering: The integration of human factors into business reengineering 95 39 0854 An ergonomic design strategy for the transit bus operator's workspace 95 39 1142 Peak L5/S1 moments associated with a cable-hanging task 95 39 0956* on perceived fairness and organizational commitment Camera surveillance: The effect of policy characteristics 95 39 0814 A comparison of four interfaces for selecting and controlling remote cameras 95 39 1137 experimental protocol to assess the neuromuscular control capability of low-back pain patients Development of 95 39 0754 Prediction of two-person team lifting capacity 95 39 0645 Capture of attention by visual onsets 95 39 1385 products on delivery trucks: A trunk motion study The effects of cardboard slipsheets between layers of beverage 95 39 0954* Signal words: Perceived carefulness by the developmentally disabled 95 39 0440 Maximum acceptable load for lifting and Carrying in two-person teams 95 39 0640 standing in cart seats The effects of shopping cart design and prior behavioral history on children’s 95 39 0932* design and orior behavioral history on children’s standing in cart seats The effects of shopping cart 95 39 0932* Releasing the hook on the copilot’s catch 22 95 39 0020 Designing user models in a virtual CAVE environment 95 39 0481 Workload assessment of in-cab text message system and cellular phone use by heavy vehicle drivers on the road 95 39 1117 computer-based progress indicators in the missile launch control center Evaluation of 95 39 0040 Head-up auditory display research at NASA Ames Research Center 95 39 0114 Patterns of errors shown by experienced navy combat information center teams 95 39 0454 compared with a keyboard and mouse Effects of a split keyboard with center trackball on performance, posture, and comfort 95 39 0957* Transitioning software to the Windows environment: Challenges and innovations 95 39 1224 Participatory ergonomics for reengineering in a chemical fiber company 95 39 0766 Cognitive effects of chemical protective clothing, exercise, and antihistamine 95 39 0951* Knowledge of compatibility rules among children 2 to 13 years of age 95 39 0316 lifeguard supervision Risky activities and accidents involving children in public swimming pools: The role of adult and 95 39 0933* Adult notions of adults’ and children’s perceptions of consumer product risk 95 39 0321 The effects of shopping cart design and prior behavioral history on Children’s standing in cart seats 95 39 0932* perspective Legislating choking hazard labels for toys—The human factors 95 39 1038 industrial ergonomics Factors influencing the resubstitution accuracy in classification analysis: Implications for study design in 95 39 0956* A Classroom evaluation of an intelligent training aid 95 39 0938* Recognition of automotive climate contro! symbols 95 39 1132 Cognitive effects of chemical protective clothing, exercise, and antihistamine 95 39 0951* coordination “From tool to agent’’: The evolution of (cockpit) automation and its impact on human-machine 95 39 0079 interpretation of computer metaphors Cognitive ability and computing experience influence 95 39 0243 tasks on an interactive driving simulator The relationship of age and cognitive characteristics of drivers to performance of 95 39 0172 exercise, and antihistamine Cognitive effects of chemical protective clothing, 95 39 0951* Future directions in cognitive engineering and naturalistic decision making 95 39 0450* operations The relationship between cognitive performance and stress perceptions in military 95 39 0868 The effects of positive acceleration on cognitive performance: Big Gl ittle know 95 39 0035 Assessing gender differences and norm data on a cognitive performance measure 95 39 0968* Investigating cognitive process models 95 39 0963* Assessing cognitive skill: Multiple measures of learning outcomes 95 39 0939* The effects of cognitive style and immersion on spatial mental models 95 39 0948* The value added by cognitive task analysis 95 39 0530 the difference? Task analysis, cognitive task analysis, cognitive work analysis: What's 95 39 0534 assessment skills A cognitive task analysis of NICU nurses’ patient 95 39 0733 requirements for first-of-a-kind systems Using cognitive task analysis to define human interface 95 39 0520 methods Cognitive task analysis using complementary elicitation 95 39 0525 Cognitive task analysis: What is it? Why do it? 95 39 0519°* Task analysis, cognitive task analysis, cognitive work analysis: What's the difference? 95 39 0534 The effect of collateral alarms on primary response behavior 95 39 1020 verbal protocols in usability testing: Is there value added in collecting both? Concurrent and retrospective 95 39 0223 (IRIS) A new approach to collecting survey data: An item response icon scale 95 39 0804 in three-dimensional data: Influence of three-dimensionality and color Graph-task dependencies 95 39 1420 Do human factors color recommendations have any practical value? 95 39 0208 ColorTool: An information tool for cross-cultural design 95 39 0341 as warning and advisory signals in the U.S. Army battlefield combat identification system (BCIS) Auditory icons 95 39 0999 PROCEEDINGS of the HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 39th ANNUAL MEETING—1995_ 1449 Patterns of errors shown by experienced navy combat information center teams 95 39 0454 A model for combined audio/video quality 95 39 0941* An ergonomic approach to modifying microscope design for increased comfort: A case study 95 39 0573 of a split keyboard with center trackball on performance, posture, and comfort compared with a keyboard and mouse __ Effects 95 39 0957* Speech Recognition Applications: A Study of Methods for Defining Command Vocabularies Automatic 95 39 0203 strength, and spinal compression The effect of a commercially availab!e support belt on torso posture, lift 95 39 0605 Modeling crew size for commercial ships 95 39 0936* policy characteristics on perceived fairness and organizational commitment Camera surveillance: The effect of 95 39 0814 Perception of risk as communicated by ANSI-standardized signal words 95 39 0945°* a multilocation software development project using electronic communication Implementing 95 39 0942* Development and validation of methods Organizational structure, communication, and professional relationships: 95 39 0799 perspective Planning effects on communication strategies: A shared mental model 95 39 1278 Evaluation of digital communications on performance of an armor battalion 95 39 1238 A laboratory glass-cockpit flight simulator for automation and communications research 95 39 0951* Compatibility of job rotation subtasks in data entry work 95 39 0965* Knowledge of compatibility rules among children 2 to 13 years of age 95 39 0316 Cognitive task analysis using complementary elicitation methods 95 39 0525 guidance for the evaluation of human-systems interfaces in complex systems Comprehensive 95 39 1160 The role of observational learning in automated instruction of complex tasks 95 39 1335 Training complex tasks in a functionai context 95 39 1253 Part-task training of complex tasks: Utility of backward transfer 95 39 1345 Hazard associations of warning header components 95 39 0979 Relative order and space allocation of message components in hazard warning signs 95 39 0969 warning pictograms The comprehensibility and legibility of 20 pharmaceutical 95 39 0974 pictorials Comprehension and perceived quality of warning 95 39 1057 The comprehension and use of word processing icons 95 39 0941* support belt on torso posture, lift strength, and spinal compression The effect of a commercially available 95 39 0605 conditions Comparison of the prediction models for the L5/S1 compressive forces under varying asymmetric lifting 95 39 0704 launch control center Evaluation of computer-based progress indicators in the missile 95 39 0040 in determining interaction strategies and performance on computer-based tasks The role of individual differences 95 39 0248 Electronic meeting systems in computer-human interface design: A case study 95 39 1190 The potential of computerized interactive training in manufacturing 95 39 1294 Inter/intra correlations of mental aptitude and computerized visual temporal factors 95 39 0897 Computer displays and older adults 95 39 0960°* The effects of print type on the readability of computer displays by older and younger adults 95 39 0960* Design criteria of an ergonomic mouse computer input device 95 39 0369 Cognitive ability and computing experience influence interpretation of computer metaphors 95 39 0243 crew to aid in analysis of crew size issues Computer modeling of a nuclear power plant operating 95 39 1214 Wrist posture during computer mouse usage 95 39 0625 touch: Haptic discrimination of icons Access to computer systems with graphical user interface by 95 39 0742 Age differences in perception of workload for a computer task 95 39 0129 musculoskeletal disorders Development and implementation of a computer-based job analysis system to reduce 95 39 0955* Effects of network pattern and status congruence on computer-mediated group decision making 95 39 0834 A visual test battery: A tale of two computers 95 39 0907 computer metaphors Cognitive ability and computing experience influence interpretation of 95 39 0243 Measuring alcohol impairment at low blood alcohol concentrations 95 39 0932* Concepts for designing a building 95 39 0427* Hazards may result from failures of conceptual agreement 95 39 0931* testing: Is there value added in collecting both? Concurrent and retrospective verbal protocols in usability 95 39 0223 Officers are in better physical condition, especially middle-aged males 95 39 0947* Professional conduct for ergonomic experts in forensics |I 95 39 0445* navigation Spatial configurations for flashing lights as marine aids to 95 39 0948* making Effects of network pattern and status congruence on computer-mediated group decision 95 39 0834 drivers’ perceptions of workload A conjoint analysis of five factors influencing heavy vehicle 95 39 1102 SWAT: Do we need conjoint measurement? 95 39 1233 Changes in hazard perceptions Adding consequence information to product instructions: 95 39 0346 Micro Saint modeling of visual displays and controls consoles 95 39 0016 Enhanced motorcycle visibility through use of motorcycle conspicuity enhancement system (MCES) 95 39 1048 navigation The conspicuity of flashing lights as marine aids to 95 39 1380 following experience with prototype system Consumer acceptance of adaptive cruise control 95 39 1092 The minimal remote: A standard input device for consumer interactive TV 95 39 0194 Adult notions of adults’ and children’s perceptions of consumer product risk 95 39 0321 Decision-making processes in risky and nonrisky consumer product selection 95 39 0356 Design of a touch screen microwave oven for older consumers 95 39 0158 label readability for over-the-counter pharmaceuticals by elderly consumers Enhancing 95 39 0143 Endogenous and exogenous factors affecting estimations of time to contact 95 39 0949* Training complex tasks in a functional context 95 39 1253 workload Feedback contingencies and bio-cybernetic regulation of operator 95 39 0947* Continuous speech interface for a movie locator service 95 39 1067* Auditory spatial cueing in visual search tasks: Effects of amplitude, contrast, and duration 95 39 0109 A comparison of four interfaces for selecting and controlling remote cameras 95 39 1137 technological advancement: Examples from football and air traffic control Issues of dependence and reliance on 95 39 1194 1450 PROCEEDINGS of the HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 39th ANNUAL MEETING—1995 testing of hand-held data-entry devices for navy shipboard damage control and firefighting environments Usability and 95 39 0967* of experimental protocol to quantitatively assess the neuromuscular control capability of low-back pain patients Development 95 39 0754 Evaluation of computer-based progress indicators in the missile launch control center 95 39 0040 Consumer acceptance of adaptive cruise control following experience with prototype system 95 39 1092 Tracking hesitations as a function of task/ control integration 95 39 1370 Stick control modulations index pilot mental workload 95 39 0952* vehicle Enhancing user control of VDT work environments: Training as the 95 39 0417 The effects of self-control and perceived control on team processes 95 39 0917 1000 indicators? Changing technology in control room design: Is one graphical interface worth 95 39 1435 nuclear power plant Control room human factors assessment at a Bulgarian 95 39 1043 Recognition of automotive climate control symbols 95 39 1132 Hardware and human factors issues for military automatic brightness controls 95 39 0089 Manipulation of pushbuttons and round rotary controls 95 39 0374 Micro Saint modeling of visual displays and controls consoles 95 39 0016 Accessible remote controls for older adults with mildly impaired vision 95 39 0148 keyboard on performance, posture, and comfort compared with a conventional keyboard and mouse Effects of a split 95 39 0957* problem-solving skills A cooperative learning environment to teach 95 39 1066* of (cockpit) automation and its impact on human-machine coordination ‘From tool to agent’: The evolution 95 39 0079 detection and decision-making times Crew coordination behaviors as predictors of problem 95 39 1350 Using the critiquing approach to cope with brittle expert systems 95 39 0233 Releasing the hook on the copilot’s catch 22 95 39 0020 temporal factors Inter/intra correlations of mental aptitude and computerized visual 95 39 0897 example Cost-justifying usability engineering: A real-world 95 39 0263 to product and process design achieves immediate, measurable cost savings Ergonomics applied 95 39 0660 Human factors issues in night airborne mine countermeasures operations 95 39 0084 low back disorders in industrial tasks Spinal coupled motions and their association with the risk of 95 39 0959* Macroergonomic approaches to creating real change 95 39 0759* Use of a workload assessment tool (CREWCUT) in systems development 95 39 0966* detection and decision-making times Crew coordination behaviors as predictors of problem 95 39 1350 Group-view displays for enhancing crew performance 95 39 1199 Applying airline crew resource management in emergency medicine 95 39 0728 Modeling crew size for commercial ships 95 39 0936* of a nuclear power plant operating crew to aid in analysis of crew size issues Computer modeling 95 39 1214 Computer modeling of a nuclear power plant operating crew to aid in analysis of crew size issues 95 39 1214 Design criteria of an ergonomic mouse computer input device 95 39 0369 Alarm responses in a dual-task paradigm as a function of primary task criticality 95 39 1395 Using the critiquing approach to cope with brittle expert systems 95 39 0233 ColorTool: An information tool for cross-cultural design 95 39 0341 system Consumer acceptance of adaptive cruise control following experience with prototype 95 39 1092 contrast, and duration Auditory spatial cueing in visual search tasks: Effects of amplitude, 95 39 0109 An initial study of the effects of three-dimensional auditory cueing on visual target detection 95 39 0119 Does culture affect risk perception? 95 39 1015 behaviors Living room culture—An anthropological study of television usage 95 39 0326 may be leveling off in the United States Reporting of cumulative trauma disorders of the upper extremities 95 39 0591 introducing human-centered design early in the engineering curriculum 95 39 0389 A comparison of two head-up display formats used to fly curved instrument approaches 95 39 0001 challenge Customers with disabilities: The ultimate usability 95 39 0192* prototyping technologies Custom oxygen mask development using rapid 95 39 0961* and testing of hand-held data-entry devices for navy shipboard damage control and firefighting environments —_U sability 95 39 0967* and firefighting environments Usability and testing of hand-held data-entry devices for navy shipboard damage control 95 39 0967* Readiness for duty: Tuning false positives by simulation of empirical data 95 39 0809 A new approach to collecting survey data: An item response icon scale (IRIS) 95 39 0804 MacSHAPA: Software support for exploratory sequential data analysis 95 39 0511 Compatibility of job rotation subtasks in data entry work 95 39 0965* Graph-task dependencies in three-dimensional data: Influence of three-dimensionality and color 95 39 1420 User-driven product data manager system design 95 39 1170 Graphic data model perception 95 39 0238 Assessing gender differences and norm data on a cognitive performance measure 95 39 0968* Developing baseline data on heavy vehicle driver visual workload 95 39 1112 ‘Smart automation enhances safety’: A motion for debate 95 39 0448* Decision-centered training 95 39 1249 Training for aviation decision making: The naturalistic decision-making perspective 95 39 1258 Applying the naturalistic decision-making perspective to training 95 39 1248* consumer product selection Decision-making processes in risky and nonrisky 95 39 0356 Crew coordination behaviors as predictors of problem detection and decision-making times 95 39 1350 pattern and status congruence on computer-mediated group decision making Effects of network 95 39 0834 Future directions in cognitive engineering and naturalistic decision making 95 39 0450* Medical case rounds: A medium for training and studying real-life decision making 95 39 1330 Naturalistic decision making: A domain-integrated overview 95 39 0474* Individual differences in metacognitive decision making and situation assessment 95 39 0878 Emergency ($11) dispatcher decision making: Ecological display development 95 39 0506 errors and their causes Decision making in dynamic environments: Fixation 95 39 0469