Proceedings of the 4th Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction: Increasing the Effectiveness and Relevance of Our Institutes

337 Pages·2022·14.502 MB·English

by  Hirokazu Tatano, Andrew Collins

Disaster and Risk Research: GADRI Book Series
Hirokazu Tatano
Andrew Collins   Editors
Proceedings of the
4th Global Summit
of Research Institutes
for Disaster Risk
Reduction
Increasing the Effectiveness and
Relevance of Our Institutes
Disaster and Risk Research: GADRI Book Series
Series Editors
Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler, Risk and Resilience Program, International Institute for
Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Niederösterreich, Austria
Hirokazu Tatano, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Uji,
Kyoto, Japan
Wei-Sen Li, National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction,
New Taipei City, China
Andrew Collins, Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences,
Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Khalid Mosalam, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of
California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
Charles Scawthorn, SPA Risk LLC, Berkeley, CA, USA
Lori Peek, Natural Hazards Center, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO,
USA
Disaster and Risk Research: GADRI Book Series is published under the auspices
of the Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes (GADRI). The global status
of disaster research reflects the major strides made in the disaster sciences. These
volumes present the forefront of disaster research, including key scientific findings,
methodologies, policy recommendations and case studies. Whilst disaster risk
needs to be managed in an integrated manner, persistently isolated applications of
knowledge, practice and policy are falling short of ensuring disaster-resilient
societies. Responding to this deficit calls for measurement, tools, techniques and
institutional structures that can realistically support comprehensive risk assessment
and management across multiple hazard landscape. As such, disaster research is
now faced with a multi-disciplinary, multi-stakeholder challenge. Contributions to
this series therefore address many varied and critical opportunities to advance the
subject area. A cross-cutting vision shared across the Disaster and Risk Research
volumes is to improve the future of scientific and technological guidance with
clearly identifiable roadmaps to ensure human safety and security. The Global
Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes was established in March 2015, directly
after the United Nations World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR
2015) in Sendai, Japan, based on the belief that a multi-institutional alliance can
strengthen disaster research and its influences around the world. GADRI has a
mandate to support the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2015-2030 and is a member of the Scientific and Technical Advisory
Group (STAG) of the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction
(UNDRR). In addition, GADRI provides a platform for scientific communities
from different disciplines, backgrounds and countries, helping them share their
knowledge, findings and views. This approach yields more holistic and
farther-reaching insights, which can contribute to further steps in effective disaster
risk management.
·
Hirokazu Tatano Andrew Collins
Editors
Proceedings of the 4th Global
Summit of Research
Institutes for Disaster Risk
Reduction
Increasing the Effectiveness and Relevance
of Our Institutes
Editors
Hirokazu Tatano Andrew Collins
Disaster Prevention Research Institute Department of Geography
Kyoto University and Environmental Sciences
Uji, Kyoto, Japan Northumbria University
Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
ISSN 2524-5961 ISSN 2524-597X (electronic)
Disaster and Risk Research: GADRI Book Series
ISBN 978-981-19-5565-5 ISBN 978-981-19-5566-2 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5566-2
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature
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GADRI Foreword
The 4th Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction takes
place just four years after the adoption of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2015–2030. This gathering is an important opportunity to take stock of the
role that the advancement of science and technology plays in reducing disaster risk
and losses. I firmly support the Summit’s goal to contribute to the 2016 Science and
Technology Roadmap to move forward the implementation of the Sendai Framework.
I strongly welcome the Summit’s focus on how evidence-based research can
be utilized to support the implementation of the Sendai Framework including the
achievement of its seven targets, particularly those which seek to reduce mortality,
reduce the numbers of people affected by disasters, and reduce both economic losses
and damage to critical infrastructure.
Alarmingly, the four years that have passed since the adoption of the Sendai
Framework have been the warmest years on record. We continue to see avoidable
deaths and huge economic losses resulting from extreme weather events, as well as
earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis.
Politicians and policy-makers need the advice and counsel of research institutes
more than ever before, as we need to shift our focus from simply managing disasters
to managing the underlying risk drivers which lead to those events.
It is largely thanks to the efforts of your institutes and the broader science and
research community that we can assemble coherent arguments for essential preven-
tion, mitigation, and adaptation actions: risk-informed urbanization including the
enforcement of building codes, the safeguarding of protective ecosystems, and an
inclusive approach to disaster risk reduction reaching out to all sections of society
including the marginalized and the most vulnerable.
v
vi GADRIForeword
We are at a critical moment in the implementation of the Sendai Framework which
is an important pillar of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and so vital
to overall efforts to eradicate poverty and strengthen action on climate change.
It is particularly important that we see your research feeding into the national and
local strategies for disaster risk reduction which need to be in place by 2020, as set
out in the Sendai Framework.
I look forward to the outcome of the 4th Global Summit and to welcoming many
of you to the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction which takes place in
Geneva, Switzerland, from 13 to 17 May. The Global Platform will provide many
opportunities to discuss research findings and innovative approaches to reducing
disaster risk, building resilience, and ensuring inclusivity.
I wish you a very successful Summit and look forward to strengthening our
collaboration with the Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes in 2019 and
beyond.
Mami Mizutori
Special Representative of the
Secretary-General for Disaster Risk
Reduction
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk
Reduction (UNDRR), Geneva,
Switzerland
Preface
Greetings!
Welcome to the 4th Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction
(4th GSRIDRR, 2019): Increasing the effectiveness and relevance of our insti-
tutes held at the Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University,
Uji Campus, Kyoto, Japan, from 13 to 15 March 2019. The 4th GSRIDRR, 2019,
is sponsored by the Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes (GADRI) and
Kyoto University. The Global Summit Series provides a platform for researchers,
practitioners, policy-makers, and other stakeholders in both government and non-
governmental institutes involved in disaster risk reduction and resilience to come
together to discuss, share, and exchange ideas. This is also a way for the scientific
community to contribute to the priority areas of the Sendai Framework for Disaster
Risk Reduction Agenda 2015–2030.
The 4th Global Summit’s programme comprises an impressive array of global
stakeholders whose expertise and experience encompass the management of knowl-
edge and its application for governments and industries, sharing outcomes and
bridging science and decision-making. Through this process, we are confronting
new scientific challenges in DRR and DRM.
The Global Summit Series through its institutional structure advocates the impor-
tance of engagement in collaborative research activities to accomplish disaster risk
reduction and resilience at a global level. The Sendai Framework Agenda for 2030
calls for increased awareness of disaster risk reduction and resilience and imple-
mentation of policies to prevent new risks. GADRI commits to take a coherent and
vii
viii Preface
a global approach to disaster risk reduction and resilience through its network of
disaster research institutes.
Disasters continue to increase in numbers and affect nations and communities by
impact and intensity. Through the 4th Global Summit, GADRI will, in a challenging
way, further promote and contribute to the 2030 agenda of the Sendai Framework and
the 2016 Science and Technology Roadmap. This is assisted by a unique program,
high-level dialogues between governmental, UN, and other leaders from the private
sector and the science and technology community broadly defined. There are parallel
thematic group discussion sessions, panel sessions to present synthesis reports from
group discussion sessions, poster presentations, and opportunities for participants to
interact and review contributions that progress disaster risk reduction and resilience
activities.
Group discussions will, in particular, explore the following:
•
GADRI Contributions to the 2016 Science & Technology Roadmap—How best
could GADRI promote the SFDRR 2030 agenda?
•
SDGs, climate change, and adaptation—What engagement mechanisms and
research linkages are needed to influence research directions among policy-
makers, governments, localities, media, and other groups?
•
Nation’s Synthesis: Concept Design and Implementation, and the SFDRR Agenda
2030—What systemic synthesis can be built?
•
Research Funding—Where is the funding for disaster risk reduction activities
coming from and is this invested to the right causes and the areas that are most
needing support?
•
Data Working Group—What are the real strengths and weaknesses of data and
risk management?
Focusing on the above themes, the 4th Global Summit discussion sessions
will explore the governing nature of empirical research on disaster risk reduction
conducted by various research institutions nationally and globally, especially how
evidence-based research results are utilized or implemented in mitigating disasters.
Emphasis will be on integrated disaster research with a wider focus on collabora-
tive research activities. Many research institutions conduct research for publication
purposes and for fulfilling requirements for grants and their institutional targets.
A shortcoming may be where those drivers may not be fit for purpose in terms of
impacting on disaster risk reduction. Further, research is often needlessly duplicated,
or at times its value may go unnoticed and simply archived.
Through our debates, we hope to achieve the following:
•
Provide inputs to the 2016 Science & Technology Roadmap and submit the
outcomes through the Global Platform 2019.
•
Learn from the accumulated research knowledge of each research institute.
•
Share information on ongoing project activities and achievements.
•
Explore opportunities for collaborative and empirical research activities.
Preface ix
On behalf of all of us, we welcome you to the 4th Global Summit. We are excited
to have all of you as part of our team and together we can reach new heights to reduce
disaster risk and achieve disaster resilience.
We wish you a successful 4th Global Summit.
Prof. Hirokazu Tatano
Secretary-General, GADRI
Uji, Japan
Prof. Andrew Collins
Chair GADRI Board of Directors, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK